Pengaruh Kompensasi dan Kompetensi terhadap Kinerja Guru MAN 1 Cianjur

Abstract

Abstract. Teacher performance is a primary determinant of educational quality in madrasah. A preliminary survey at Madrasah Aliyah Negeri (MAN) 1 Cianjur indicated that teacher performance had not reached an optimal level, presumably related to inadequate compensation and unevenly developed competence. This study aims to describe the conditions of compensation, competence, and teacher performance, and to analyse the effect of compensation and competence on teacher performance at MAN 1 Cianjur, both partially and simultaneously. A quantitative approach was applied using descriptive and verificative methods. The population comprised 74 active teachers, and 73 of them completed the questionnaire through saturated sampling. Data were collected through a Likert-scale questionnaire of 44 items tested for validity and reliability, supported by observation and documentary study, and analysed using a continuum line and multiple linear regression. The findings show that teacher compensation falls into the fairly good category, with weaknesses in achievement-based incentives and welfare facilities, whereas competence and teacher performance fall into the good category. Both partially and simultaneously, compensation and competence have a positive and significant effect on teacher performance, with competence as the most dominant predictor. Improving teacher performance will therefore be more effective when competence development through continuous professional development is carried out alongside improvements to the compensation system.

Abstrak. Kinerja guru merupakan faktor penentu utama mutu penyelenggaraan pendidikan di madrasah. Hasil pra-penelitian di MAN 1 Cianjur menunjukkan indikasi belum optimalnya kinerja guru yang diduga berkaitan dengan kompensasi yang dinilai belum memadai serta kompetensi yang belum berkembang merata. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui kondisi kompensasi, kompetensi, dan kinerja guru, serta menganalisis pengaruh kompensasi dan kompetensi terhadap kinerja guru di MAN 1 Cianjur, baik secara parsial maupun simultan. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode deskriptif dan verifikatif. Populasi adalah seluruh guru aktif sebanyak 74 orang, dan 73 di antaranya mengisi kuesioner secara lengkap melalui teknik sampling jenuh. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner berskala Likert yang terdiri atas 44 item pernyataan yang telah diuji validitas dan reliabilitasnya, dilengkapi observasi dan studi dokumentasi, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan garis kontinum dan regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kompensasi guru berada pada kategori cukup baik dengan kelemahan pada insentif berbasis prestasi dan fasilitas kesejahteraan, sedangkan kompetensi dan kinerja guru berada pada kategori baik. Secara parsial maupun simultan, kompensasi dan kompetensi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja guru, dengan kompetensi sebagai variabel paling dominan. Dengan demikian, peningkatan kinerja guru akan lebih efektif apabila penguatan kompetensi melalui pengembangan keprofesian berkelanjutan dilakukan beriringan dengan perbaikan sistem kompensasi.