Analisis Faktor-Faktor Yang Menyebabkan Stres Kerja Pada Pegawai Di PT. X Pharma Kota Cimahi

Abstract

Abstract. Work in pharmaceutical packaging requires speed, accuracy, repetitive activity, and compliance with strict quality standards, which may create sustained psychological pressure. This study identifies the latent dimensions of job stress among employees in the packaging unit of PT X Pharma. A quantitative design was applied to 76 employees selected purposively from a population of 167 workers. Data were collected using a 44-item Likert questionnaire; 37 valid items were retained, with a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.923. The data were processed through principal component extraction and varimax rotation in an exploratory factor analysis. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin value was 0.800, while Bartlett’s test was significant (χ² = 1926.245; df = 666; p < 0.001), confirming the adequacy of the correlation matrix. Although eight components had eigenvalues above one, the scree plot and theoretical interpretability supported four dominant dimensions that represented 57.712% of the initial variance: leadership and organizational climate (36.006%), role ambiguity and organizational dynamics (10.640%), role demands and workload (6.463%), and psychosocial and personal demands (4.602%). The findings imply that stress management should prioritize fair supervision, role clarity, workload control, and accessible psychosocial support.

Abstrak. Pekerjaan pengemasan farmasi menuntut kecepatan, ketelitian, aktivitas berulang, dan kepatuhan pada standar mutu yang ketat sehingga berpotensi menimbulkan tekanan psikologis berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi dimensi laten penyebab stres kerja pada pegawai bagian pengemasan PT X Pharma. Pendekatan kuantitatif diterapkan terhadap 76 pegawai yang dipilih secara purposif dari populasi 167 pekerja. Data dihimpun melalui kuesioner Likert berisi 44 butir; sebanyak 37 butir valid dipertahankan dengan nilai Cronbach’s alpha 0,923. Data dianalisis menggunakan ekstraksi komponen utama dan rotasi varimax dalam Exploratory Factor Analysis. Nilai Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin sebesar 0,800 dan Bartlett’s test signifikan (χ² = 1926,245; df = 666; p < 0,001), sehingga matriks korelasi layak dianalisis. Walaupun delapan komponen memiliki eigenvalue di atas satu, scree plot dan keterjelasan teoretis mendukung empat dimensi dominan yang merepresentasikan 57,712% varians awal, yaitu kepemimpinan dan iklim organisasi (36,006%), ketidakjelasan peran dan dinamika organisasi (10,640%), tuntutan peran dan beban tugas (6,463%), serta tuntutan psikososial dan pribadi (4,602%). Temuan mengarahkan pengelolaan stres pada perbaikan supervisi, kejelasan peran, pengendalian beban kerja, dan dukungan psikososial.