Tinjauan Fikih Muamalah Adabiyah terhadap Etika Pedagang dalam Menerapkan Denda All You Can Eat

Abstract

Abstract. Fiqh Muamalah Adabiyah regulates the economic life of a Muslim, one of which is buying and selling activities. Business actors must pay attention to the ethics of traders in order to get blessings from Allah Swt. Buying and selling activities that are currently developing are buying and selling with the all you can eat concept, there are rules that apply in restaurants, namely fines if consumers do not finish the food they have prepared. Based on this, the researcher wants to discuss the ethics of traders in applying all you can eat fines, so that it can be seen whether the restaurant has implemented merchant ethics in the Adabiyah muamalah fiqh. The research method used is a qualitative research method with an empirical juridical approach, by conducting research directly at the Sumeragi Izakaya restaurant in Bandung. The application of fines has fulfilled four of the five aspects of the ethical principles of Islamic trade. One aspect that is not fulfilled is the aspect of benevolence because the restaurant does not provide information about prices directly. In addition, the restaurant has fulfilled six kinds of ethics and human nature in the Adabiyah muamalah fiqh, namely being fair, being tolerant, honest, pleasing each other, gentle and kind. However, there are things that are not appropriate, where consumers are not given a note of payment after paying a fine, this is not in accordance with the nature of trust which can reduce consumer confidence in the application of fines.

Abstrak. Fikih Muamalah Adabiyah mengatur kehidupan ekonomi seorang muslim, salah satunya ialah dalam kegiatan jual beli. Pelaku usaha harus memperhatikan etika pedagang agar mendapatkan keberkahan dari Allah Swt. Kegiatan jual beli yang berkembang saat ini ialah jual beli dengan konsep all you can eat terdapat aturan yang berlaku di restoran yaitu dikenakan denda apabila konsumen tidak menghabiskan makanan yang telah diolahnya. Berdasarkan hal tersebut peneliti ingin membahas mengenai etika pedagang dalam menerapkan denda all you can eat, sehingga dapat diketahui apakah pihak restoran telah menerapkan etika-etika pedagang dalam fikih muamalah Adabiyah. Metode penelitian yang digunakan ialah metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan yuridis empiris, dengan melakukan penelitian secara langsung di restoran Sumeragi Izakaya Kota Bandung. Penerapan denda telah memenuhi empat dari lima aspek prinsip etika perdagangan Islam. Satu aspek yang tidak terpenuhi adalah aspek kebajikan karena pihak restoran tidak memberikan informasi mengenai harga secara langsung. Selain itu, pihak restoran telah memenuhi enam macam etika dan sifat manusia dalam fikih muamalah Adabiyah yaitu adil, bersikap toleran, jujur, saling rida, lemah lembut serta baik. Namun terdapat hal yang tidak sesuai, dimana konsumen tidak diberikan nota pembayaran setelah membayar denda, hal ini tidak sesuai dengan sifat amanah yang dapat mengurangi kepercayaan konsumen terhadap penerapan denda.