Pemetaan Penelitian Hukum Jual Beli Emas dalam Fikih Muamalah: Studi Bibliometrik

Abstract

Abstract. The development of gold buying and selling transactions that have shifted to digital platforms has given rise to various legal issues in muamalah jurisprudence, particularly regarding the validity of digital *taqabudh* and the transparency of contracts. On the other hand, the increase in scientific publications on the law of gold buying and selling has not been followed by a systematic literature mapping, so that the development of studies and research opportunities are still difficult to identify. This study aims to analyze scientific publication trends, map research cluster themes, and identify research gaps in the law of gold buying and selling from the perspective of muamalah jurisprudence. The study uses a qualitative method with a literature study approach and bibliometric analysis. Secondary data was obtained from the AI ​​Dimension database, then selected to produce 92 scientific journal articles for the period 2012–2025. The analysis was carried out using VOSviewer software through keyword co-occurrence network mapping. The results show that publications have increased significantly since 2019 and peaked in 2022. The bibliometric mapping resulted in three main clusters, namely digital gold studies and the implementation of DSN-MUI Fatwa No. 77/2010, a normative study of classical Islamic jurisprudence on usurious assets, and the implementation of contracts in Islamic financial institutions. This study concludes that there is still research related to the operational regulations of Islamic Gold Banks after Law Number 4 of 2023 concerning the Development and Strengthening of the Financial Sector, the use of blockchain technology, and the implementation of AAOIFI standards as future research directions.

Abstrak. Perkembangan transaksi jual beli emas yang beralih ke platform digital memunculkan berbagai persoalan hukum dalam fikih muamalah, terutama mengenai keabsahan taqabudh digital dan transparansi akad. Di sisi lain, meningkatnya publikasi ilmiah mengenai hukum jual beli emas belum diikuti dengan pemetaan literatur yang sistematis sehingga perkembangan kajian dan peluang penelitian masih sulit diidentifikasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis tren publikasi ilmiah, memetakan klaster tema penelitian, serta mengidentifikasi celah riset hukum jual beli emas dalam perspektif fikih muamalah. Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kepustakaan dan analisis bibliometrik. Data sekunder diperoleh dari basis data Dimensions AI, kemudian diseleksi sehingga menghasilkan 92 artikel jurnal ilmiah periode 2012–2025. Analisis dilakukan menggunakan perangkat lunak VOSviewer melalui pemetaan jaringan kemunculan bersama kata kunci (keyword co-occurrence). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa publikasi meningkat signifikan sejak 2019 dan mencapai puncaknya pada 2022. Pemetaan bibliometrik menghasilkan tiga klaster utama, yaitu kajian emas digital dan implementasi Fatwa DSN-MUI No. 77/2010, kajian normatif fikih klasik mengenai barang ribawi, serta implementasi akad pada lembaga keuangan syariah. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa masih terdapat kesenjangan riset terkait regulasi operasional Bank Emas Syariah pasca-Undang-Undang Nomor 4 Tahun 2023 tentang Pengembangan dan Penguatan Sektor Keuangan, pemanfaatan teknologi blockchain, serta penerapan standar AAOIFI sebagai arah penelitian selanjutnya.