Perceived Social Support and Psychological Distress among Healthcare Workers
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29313/bcsps.v6i2.26294Keywords:
dukungan sosial, psychological distress, tenaga kesehatanAbstract
Abstract. Health workers are highly vulnerable to experiencing psychological distress due to high workloads, work pressure, and professional responsibilities. Social support is considered one of the protective factors that may reduce psychological distress among health workers. This study aimed to analyze the contribution of social support to psychological distress among health workers in South Tapanuli Regency. This research employed a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional correlational design involving 125 health workers from RSUD Sipirok and Puskesmas Pintu Padang. Respondents were selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected through an online questionnaire using the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) and the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10). Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) through normality, linearity, heteroscedasticity, and simple linear regression tests. The results showed that social support had a significant negative effect on psychological distress (B = -0.167; p = 0.013). The coefficient of determination indicated that social support contributed 4.9% to the variance in psychological distress, while the remaining 95.1% was explained by other variables outside the model. These findings indicate that increasing perceived social support can help reduce psychological distress among health workers. Therefore, health institutions are encouraged to strengthen social support systems to maintain the psychological well-being of health workers and improve healthcare service quality.
Abstrak. Tenaga kesehatan merupakan kelompok pekerja yang rentan mengalami psychological distress akibat tingginya beban kerja, tekanan pekerjaan, dan tanggung jawab profesional. Dukungan sosial dipandang sebagai salah satu faktor protektif yang dapat menurunkan tingkat psychological distress. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kontribusi dukungan sosial terhadap psychological distress pada tenaga kesehatan di Kabupaten Tapanuli Selatan. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain korelasional cross-sectional yang melibatkan 125 tenaga kesehatan di RSUD Sipirok dan Puskesmas Pintu Padang. Sampel dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui kuesioner daring menggunakan instrumen Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) dan Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10). Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) melalui uji normalitas, uji linearitas, uji heteroskedastisitas, dan analisis regresi linier sederhana. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dukungan sosial berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap psychological distress (B = -0,167; p = 0,013). Nilai koefisien determinasi sebesar 4,9% menunjukkan bahwa dukungan sosial memberikan kontribusi terhadap variasi psychological distress, sedangkan 95,1% dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain di luar model penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi dukungan sosial yang diterima tenaga kesehatan, maka semakin rendah tingkat psychological distress yang dialami.
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