Hubungan Efikasi Diri Pengasuhan dengan Stres Pengasuhan pada Ibu di Era Digital
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29313/bcsps.v6i2.25905Keywords:
Efikasi Diri, Pengasuhan, Stres Pengasuhan, Era Digital, Ibu, Anak Usia 9-12 TahunAbstract
Abstract. Advances in digital technology have brought about changes in family dynamics, particularly in parenting practices, as mothers shoulder increasing responsibilities in supervising their children’s use of digital devices. This situation positions parenting self-efficacy as a psychological resource that helps mothers cope with the demands of parenting and is believed to be associated with parenting stress. This study aims to examine the relationship between parenting self-efficacy and parenting stress among mothers with children aged 9–12 years who actively use digital devices. This quantitative correlational study involved 130 mothers in Bandung City, selected using convenience sampling. The inclusion criteria were mothers aged 30–45 years with children aged 9–12 years who used digital devices for at least 2 hours per day, as well as mothers who were active users of digital devices themselves. Data were collected using the Self-Efficacy for Parenting Tasks Index (SEPTI, 36 items, α = 0.889) and the Parenting Stress Scale (PSS), an adapted version of the Parental Stress Scale (15 items, α = 0.828). Descriptive results showed that the majority of mothers had high parenting self-efficacy (72.3%). Meanwhile, the majority of mothers had low levels of parenting stress (70%). Results from the Spearman’s Rho correlation test indicated a significant negative relationship between parenting self-efficacy and parenting stress (rs = -0.585; p < 0.01). These findings indicate that among mothers with children aged 9–12 years who actively use digital devices, the higher the parenting self-efficacy, the lower the level of perceived parenting stress.
Abstrak. Perkembangan teknologi digital telah membawa perubahan dalam dinamika keluarga, khususnya dalam praktik pengasuhan, dengan bertambahnya tanggung jawab ibu dalam mendampingi penggunaan perangkat digital anak. Kondisi tersebut menjadikan efikasi diri pengasuhan sebagai salah satu sumber daya psikologis yang berperan dalam membantu ibu menghadapi tuntutan pengasuhan dan diduga berhubungan dengan stres pengasuhan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara efikasi diri pengasuhan (parenting self-efficacy) dan stres pengasuhan (parenting stress) pada ibu yang memiliki anak usia 9–12 tahun yang aktif menggunakan perangkat digital. Penelitian kuantitatif korelasional ini melibatkan 130 ibu di Kota Bandung yang dipilih menggunakan teknik convenience sampling. Kriteria subjek adalah ibu berusia 30-45 tahun dengan anak usia 9-12 tahun yang menggunakan gawai minimal 2 jam per hari serta ibu yang aktif menggunakan perangkat digital. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan instrumen Self-Efficacy for Parenting Tasks Index (SEPTI, 36 butir, α = 0,889) dan Skala Stres Pengasuhan (SSP) hasil adaptasi Parental Stress Scale (PSS, 15 butir, α = 0,828). Hasil deskriptif menunjukkan mayoritas ibu memiliki efikasi diri pengasuhan yang tinggi (72,3%). Sementara itu, mayoritas ibu memiliki tingkat stres pengasuhan yang rendah (70%). Hasil uji korelasi Spearman’s Rho menunjukkan adanya hubungan negatif yang signifikan antara efikasi diri pengasuhan dan stres pengasuhan (rs = -0,585; p < 0,01). Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa pada ibu yang memiliki anak usia 9-12 tahun yang aktif menggunakan perangkat digital, semakin tinggi efikasi diri pengasuhan maka semakin rendah tingkat stres pengasuhan yang dirasakan.
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