Paparan Media Sosial terhadap Self Esteem dan Body Dissatisfaction
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29313/bcsps.v6i2.24606Keywords:
Media Sosial, Self Esteem, Body DissatifactionAbstract
Abstract. Appearance focused social media has become a primary space for adolescents and young adults to evaluate themselves through exposure to curated and edited images of the “ideal” body. This study aims to synthesize empirical evidence on the relationship between exposure to social media and beauty influencers and self esteem as well as body dissatisfaction through a narrative review. The research method involved a systematic review of 12 articles from online databases (2016–2026), selected based on inclusion criteria. The results revealed that content and activities focused on appearance were more consistently associated with body dissatisfaction than the duration of social media use. Upward appearance comparison emerged as the most consistent mechanism linking exposure to idealized images with body dissatisfaction. Meanwhile, self esteem is influenced by context and the tendency to compare oneself to others. This study provides a foundation for the development of more effective policies and prevention programs.
Abstrak. Media sosial yang berpusat pada penampilan menjadi ruang utama bagi remaja dan dewasa muda untuk mengevaluasi diri melalui paparan citra tubuh ideal yang dikurasi dan diedit.Studi ini bertujuan menggabungkan bukti empiris mengenai hubungan paparan media sosial dan beauty influencer dengan self esteem serta body dissatisfaction melalui narrative review. Metode penelitian melibatkan tinjauan sistematis terhadap 12 artikel dari database online (2016–2025), yang diseleksi berdasarkan kriteria inklusi . Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan konten dan aktivitas berfokus pada penampilan lebih konsisten berkaitan dengan body dissatisfaction dibandingkan durasi penggunaan media sosial. Upward appearance comparison menjadi mekanisme yang paling konsisten dalam menghubungkan paparan citra ideal dengan body dissatisfaction. Sedangkan self esteem dipengaruhi konteks serta kecenderungan membandingkan diri. Studi ini memberikan dasar untuk pengembangan kebijakan dan program pencegahan yang lebih efektif.
References
Apriliani, N. M. R. R., & Soetjiningsih, C. H. (2023). Physical appearance comparison and body dissatisfaction in women users of TikTok and Instagram. Psikoborneo: Jurnal Ilmiah Psikologi, 11(4). https://doi.org/10.30872/psikoborneo.v11i4.12234
Brown, Z., & Tiggemann, M. (2016). Attractive celebrity and peer images on Instagram: Effect on women’s mood and body image. Body Image, 19, 37–43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2016.08.007
Cohen, R., Newton-John, T., & Slater, A. (2017). The relationship between Facebook and Instagram appearance-focused activities and body image concerns in young women. Body Image, 23, 183–187. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2017.10.002
Festinger, L. (1954). A theory of social comparison processes. Human Relations, 7(2), 117–140. https://doi.org/10.1177/001872675400700202
Flores Mata, C., & Castellano-Tejedor, C. (2024). Relationship between Instagram, body satisfaction, and self esteem in early adulthood. Healthcare, 12(21), 2153. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12212153
Fredrickson, B. L., & Roberts, T.-A. (1997). Objectification theory: Toward understanding women’s lived experiences and mental health risks. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 21(2), 173–206. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-6402.1997.tb00108.x
Henryan, N. E., & Simanjuntak, E. J. (2022). The relationship between body image, self esteem, and selfie activity on Instagram for female adolescence. Jurnal Psikologi Ulayat, 10(1), 5–22. https://doi.org/10.24854/jpu412
Holland, G., & Tiggemann, M. (2016). A systematic review of the impact of the use of social networking sites on body image and disordered eating outcomes. Body Image, 17, 100–110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2016.02.008
Jiotsa, B., Naccache, B., Duval, M., Rocher, B., & Grall-Bronnec, M. (2021). Social media use and body image disorders: Association between frequency of comparing one’s own physical appearance to that of people being followed on social media and body dissatisfaction and drive for thinness. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(6), 2880. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18062880
Kleemans, M., Daalmans, S., Carbaat, I., & Anschütz, D. (2018). Picture perfect: The direct effect of manipulated Instagram photos on body image in adolescent girls. Media Psychology, 21(1), 93–110. https://doi.org/10.1080/15213269.2016.1257392
Kurniawan, S., Sek, J., Wicaksono, M. A. L., Haes, N., Tisakri, N. N., & Matahari, D. (2025). The effect of Instagram photo manipulation on body image among Indonesian emerging adult women and social comparison frequency as covariate: An experimental study. Selaras: Journal of Psychological Studies, 1(1). https://ojs.uph.edu/index.php/selaras/article/view/9990
Page, M. J., McKenzie, J. E., Bossuyt, P. M., Boutron, I., Hoffmann, T. C., Mulrow, C. D., Shamseer, L., Tetzlaff, J. M., Akl, E. A., Brennan, S. E., Chou, R., Glanville, J., Grimshaw, J. M., Hróbjartsson, A., Lalu, M. M., Li, T., Loder, E. W., Mayo-Wilson, E., McDonald, S., ... Moher, D. (2021). The PRISMA 2020 statement: An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ, 372, n71. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n71
Pedalino, F., & Camerini, A.-L. (2022). Instagram use and body dissatisfaction: The mediating role of upward social comparison with peers and influencers among young females. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(3), 1543. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19031543
Pop, L. M., Iorga, M., & Iurcov, R. (2022). Body-esteem, self esteem and loneliness among social media young users. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(9), 5064. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19095064
Prichard, I., Taylor, B., & Tiggemann, M. (2023). Comparing and self-objectifying: The effect of sexualized imagery posted by Instagram influencers on women’s body image. Body Image, 46, 347–355. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2023.07.002
Revranche, M., Biscond, M., & Husky, M. M. (2022). Investigating the relationship between social media use and body image among adolescents: A systematic review. L’Encéphale, 48(2), 206–218. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34801229/
Rosenberg, M. (1965). Society and the adolescent self-image. Princeton University Press.
Yunani, M., Ariyati, I., Hendar, K., Pardi, F., Dewi, E. P., & Maisuri, N. L. (2025). The influence of TikTok media exposure on body image and self esteem in adolescents. Berkala Ilmiah Pendidikan, 5(1), 34–43. https://doi.org/10.51214/bip.v5i1.1386
