Pengaruh Locus of Control terhadap Career Maturity pada Fresh Graduate di Kota Bandung
Keywords:
Locus of Control, Career Maturity, Fresh Graduate
Abstract
Abstract. Locus of Control pertains to individuals' beliefs about the factors that shape their lives, whether these are internal, such as personal confidence, or external, like the influence of others or luck. Career Maturity, in contrast, evaluates how prepared someone is to make sound career decisions, considering elements like career planning, exploration, understanding of the working world, and decision-making skills. The issue of insufficient Career Maturity among college graduates in Bandung underscores the need to explore whether Locus of Control plays a role in this area. This study targeted fresh graduates in Bandung, using convenience sampling to collect data from 315 respondents through questionnaires. The study utilized Career Maturity measures from Super, refined by Sartika (2003) and re-evaluated by Hakim (2022), alongside the IPC Locus of Control Scale by Levenson, adapted by Faizah, Nasehudin, & Nurizzati (2023). Employing multiple linear regression analysis within a quantitative framework, the research found that Locus of Control has a 67% positive effect on Career Maturity, with the internal dimension having the strongest influence (β = 0.371). Abstrak. Locus of Control merujuk pada keyakinan individu tentang faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi kehidupan mereka, baik itu faktor internal seperti kepercayaan diri pribadi, maupun faktor eksternal seperti pengaruh orang lain atau keberuntungan. Di sisi lain, Kematangan Karir mengevaluasi seberapa siap seseorang untuk membuat keputusan karir yang tepat, dengan mempertimbangkan elemen-elemen seperti perencanaan karir, eksplorasi, pemahaman tentang dunia kerja, dan keterampilan pengambilan keputusan. Masalah kurangnya Kematangan Karir di kalangan lulusan perguruan tinggi di Bandung menekankan pentingnya mengeksplorasi apakah Locus of Control berperan dalam hal ini. Penelitian ini menargetkan fresh graduate di Bandung, dengan menggunakan convenience sampling untuk mengumpulkan data dari 315 responden melalui kuesioner. Studi ini menggunakan ukuran Kematangan Karir dari Super, yang disempurnakan oleh Sartika (2003) dan dievaluasi ulang oleh Hakim (2022), bersama dengan IPC Locus of Control Scale oleh Levenson yang diadaptasi oleh Faizah, Nasehudin, & Nurizzati (2023). Dengan menggunakan teknik analisis regresi linier berganda dalam kerangka kerja kuantitatif, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa Locus of Control memiliki pengaruh positif sebesar 67% terhadap Kematangan Karir, dengan dimensi internal memiliki pengaruh paling kuat (β = 0.371).References
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[2] Agustina, R., & Dwanoko, Y. S. (2021). Analisis Future Time Perspective (FTP) dan Kematangan Karir Terhadap Kesiapan Kerja Mahasiswa Sistem Informasi Menghadapi Dunia Kerja Bidang Infor. SMATIKA Jurnal, 1(1),
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[5] Arnett, J. J. (2000). Emerging adulthood: A theory of development from the late teens through the twenties. American Psychologist, 55(5), 469-480
[6] Atqakum, L., Daud, M., & Nurdin, M.N.H. (2022). Pengaruh Dukungan Sosial terhadap Adaptabilitas Karier Mahasiswa Tingkat Akhir. PESHUM : Jurnal Pendidikan, Sosial Dan Humaniora, 1(6), 576–587. https://doi.org/10.56799/peshum.v1i6.962
[7] Ayuni, A. N., (2015). Kematangan Karir Siswa Kelas XI Ditinjau dari Tingkat Pendidikan Orang Tua dan Keadaan Ekonomi Keluarga Di SMA Negeri 1 Pakem Tahun Ajaran 2014/2015. Skripsi. Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan: Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta.
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[9] Bahtiar M.D., Soesatyo, Y., & Hakim, L. (2016). The Influence of Locus of Control, Self-Efficacy And Accounting Achievement Learning to Accounting Career Maturity Of The Students Grade XII of the Skill Accounting Program in The Private Vocational High Schools. International Journal of Education, 10(1), 53-59. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/ije.v10i1.4679
[10] Cakir, Mustafa. (2017). Investigating Prospective Teachers' Perceived Problem-solving Abilities in Relation to Gender, Major, Place Lived, and Locus of Control. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 5(6), 1030-1038.
[11] Crites, J. O. (1974). Problems in the measurement of vocational maturity. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 4(1), 25–31
[12] Coertse, S., & Schepers, J. M. (2004). Some personality and cognitive correlates of Career Maturity. SA Journal of Industrial Psychology, 30(2),https://doi.org/10.4102/sajip.v30i2.150
[13] Creed, P. A., Fallon T., & Hood M. (2008). The Relationship Between Career Adaptability, Person and Situation Variables, and Career Concerns in Young Adults. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 74(2009). 219-229
[14] Crowne, D. P., & Liverant, S. (1963). Conformity under varying conditions of personal commitment. The Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 66(6), 547–555. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0048942
[15] Dewi, R. A., & Djamhoer, T. D. (2023). Pengaruh Prestasi Belajar terhadap Kematangan Karir pada Mahasiswa Tingkat Akhir di Universitas Islam Bandung. Bandung Conference Series: Psychology Science, 3(1), 50-56.
[16] Djunaedi, N., et al. (2022). Pengaruh Locus of Control terhadap Kematangan Karir yang Dimediasi oleh Self-Efficacy pada Mahasiswa. Jurnal Psikologi Insight, 6(2), 103-114. https://doi.org/10.17509/insight.v6i2.64761
[17] Domene, J. F., Landine, J., & Stewart, J. (2015). Emerging Adult Career Transitions. American Psychological Association, 2, 479–494. https://doi.org/10.1037/14439-035
[18] Eurostat. (2023). Employment rates of recent graduates. Eurostat Statistics Explained. Retrieved October 27, 2023, from https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=Employment_rates_of_recent_graduates
[19] Friedman, et al. (2008). Kepribadian: Teori Klasik dan Riset Modern Edisi Ketiga. Jakarta: Erlangga.
[20] Ghufron, M. N., & Risnawati, R.S. (2011). Teori-Teori Psikologi. Yogyakarta: Ar-Ruz
[21] Gonzalez, M.A. (2008). Career Maturity: A Priority for Secondary Education. Manuel Alvarez. Electronic Journal of Research in Educational Psychology, 6(16), 749-77
[22] Hendayani, N., & Abdullah, S. M. (2018). Dukungan Teman Sebaya dan Career Maturity Mahasiswa Tingkat Akhir. Jurnal Ilmiah Psikologi Terapan, 6(1), 28–40. https://doi.org/10.22219/jipt.v6i1.5189
[23] Hidayat, H., et al. (2020). The Contribution of Internal Locus of Control and Self-Concept to Career Maturity in Engineering Education. International Journal on Advance Science Engineering Information Technology, 10(6), 2282-2289.
[24] Higginbotham, D. (2023). Graduate schemes. Prospects. Retrieved October 27, 2023, from https://www.prospects.ac.uk/careers-advice/getting-a-job/graduate-schemes
[25] Hirschi, A. (2009). Career adaptability development in adolescence: multiple predictors and effect on sense of power and life satisfaction. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 74 (2), 145-155.
[26] Hulu, F., & Rozaini, N. (2020). Pengaruh Kreativitas Belajar dan Soft Skill Mahasiswa terhadap Kesiapan Kerja Mahasiswa Pendidikan Bisnis 2016. Niagawan, 9(3), 263-270. doi: https://doi.org/10.24114/niaga.v9i3.20327
[27] Hurlock, E.B. (2009). Psikologi Perkembangan: Suatu Perkembangan Sepanjang. Rentan Kehidupan. Jakarta: Erlangga
[28] Howitt, D., & Cramer, D. (2011). Introduction to Research Methods in Psychology (3rd ed.). Harlow, England: Pearson.
[29] Efran, J. S. (1963). Some personality determinants of memory for success and failure. Dissertation, Ohio State University.
[30] Ishak, K. (2018). Faktor-Faktor Yang mempengaruhi Pengangguran Dan Inflikasi Terhadap Indeks Pembangunan Di Indonesia. IQTISHADUNA: Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi Kita, 7(1), 22-38
[31] Kreitner, R., & Kinicki, A. (2001). Organizational Behaviour. New York: Irwin/McGraw Hill.
[32] Lent, R. W., & Brown, S. D. (2013). Social cognitive model of career self-management: Toward a unifying view of adaptive career behavior across the life span. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 60(4), 557–568. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0033446
[33] Levenson, H. (1973). Multidimensional Locus of Control in psychiatric patients. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 41(3), 397-404.
[34] Opier, N.M., & Mahpur, M. (2021). The Influence of Locus of Control and Gender Role on Career Decision Making of Students, Journal of Indonesian Psychological Science, 1 (1), 1-8.
[35] Panjaitan, Y. J., & Sahrah, A. (2023). Adaptasi Career Adapt-Abilities – Short Form Ke Versi Indonesia. Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Pendidikan, 7(2), 1421-1431.
[36] Pinasti, W. (2011). Pengaruh Self-Efficacy, Locus of Control dan Faktor Demografis terhadap Kematangan Karir Mahasiswa UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta. Skripsi. Jakarta: UIN Syarif Hidayatullah.
[37] Prahesty, I. D. (2013) Perbedaan kematangan karir siswa ditinjau dari jenis sekolah. Character: Jurnal Penelitian Psikologi, 2(2).
[38] Reskido, A. (2023). Resiliensi dan Growth Mindset sebagai Solusi Peningkatan Kematangan Karier Mahasiswa pada Era VUCA
[39] Rosa, N. (2023). Kemendikbudrsitek: 13,33% Lulusan Perguruan Tinggi Masih Pengangguran. detikEdu. Retrieved July 23, 2023 from https://www.detik.com/edu/perguruan-tinggi/d 6844724/kemendikbudristek-13-33-lulusan-perguruan-tinggi-masih-pengangguran
[40] Rotter, J. B. (1966). Generalized expectancies for internal versus external control of reinforcement. Psychological Monographs: General and Applied, 80(1), 1-28.
[41] Safitri, Prianto, P. L., & Patricia. (2019). Peranan Locus of Control, Self-Esteem, Self-Efficacy, dan Prestasi Belajar terhadap Kematangan Karir. Jurnal Ilmiah Psikologi MIND SET, 1(2), 140 - 148. https://doi.org/10.35814/mind set.v1i02.194
[42] Santoso, A.R., & Rahmawati, S. (2023). Pengaruh Internal Locus of Control terhadap Career Maturity Mahasiswa Fakultas Ekonomi dan Manajemen IPB University. Menara Ilmu, 17(2). 76-84.
[43] Schlossberg, N. K. (1984). Counseling adults in transition: Linking practice with theory. New York: Springer
[44] Sharf, R. S. (1992). Applying Career Development Theory to Counselling. California: Pacivic Grove.
[45] Siregar, M. (2015). Hubungan Locus of Control Internal dengan Kematangan Karir
[46] Super, D. E., & Knasel, E. G. (1981). Career development in adulthood: Some theoretical problems and a possible solution. British Journal of Guidance & Counselling, 9(2), 194–201. https://doi.org/10.1080/03069888100760211
[47] Super, D. E. (2002). The definition and measurement of Career Maturity. International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance, 2(1), 41-45. doi:10.1023/A:1014231615632
[48] Spector, P. E. (1988). Development of the Work Locus of Control Scale. Journal of Occupational Psychology, 61(4), 335–340. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8325.1988.tb00470.x
[49] Widyastuti, N., & Widyowati, A. (2015). Hubungan Antara Locus of Control dengan Kematangan Karir pada Siswa SMK N 1 Bantul. Humanitas, 12(2), 82-89. doi: 10.26555/humanitas.v12i2.3835
[50] Winkel, W.S., & Hastuti, S. (2013). Bimbingan karir di institusi pendidikan. Yogyakarta: Media Abadi.
[51] Zulfikar, F. (2022, October 27). Kisah Sam Maykel, Lulusan S2 Termuda ITB dengan Usia 21 Tahun. detikEdu. Retrieved from https://www.detik.com/edu/edutainment/d-6371878/kisah-sam-maykel-lulusan-s2-termuda-itb-dengan-usia-21-tahun
[52] Zulkaida, A., et al. (2007). Pengaruh Locus of Control Dan Efikasi Diri Terhadap Kematangan Karir Siswa Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA).” Procceding PESAT (Psikologi, Ekonomi, Sastra, Arsitek & Sipil),21-22.
[2] Agustina, R., & Dwanoko, Y. S. (2021). Analisis Future Time Perspective (FTP) dan Kematangan Karir Terhadap Kesiapan Kerja Mahasiswa Sistem Informasi Menghadapi Dunia Kerja Bidang Infor. SMATIKA Jurnal, 1(1),
[3] Aji, R. (2010). Hubungan Antara Locus of Control Internal dengan Kematangan Karir Pada Siswa Kelas XII SMK N 4 Purworejo. Jurnal Psikologi, 1–20.
[4] Ariyani, E. (2014). Pengaruh internal Locus of Control terhadap kematangan karir siswa Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 2 Samarinda. Motivasi, 2(1), 55-93.
[5] Arnett, J. J. (2000). Emerging adulthood: A theory of development from the late teens through the twenties. American Psychologist, 55(5), 469-480
[6] Atqakum, L., Daud, M., & Nurdin, M.N.H. (2022). Pengaruh Dukungan Sosial terhadap Adaptabilitas Karier Mahasiswa Tingkat Akhir. PESHUM : Jurnal Pendidikan, Sosial Dan Humaniora, 1(6), 576–587. https://doi.org/10.56799/peshum.v1i6.962
[7] Ayuni, A. N., (2015). Kematangan Karir Siswa Kelas XI Ditinjau dari Tingkat Pendidikan Orang Tua dan Keadaan Ekonomi Keluarga Di SMA Negeri 1 Pakem Tahun Ajaran 2014/2015. Skripsi. Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan: Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta.
[8] Badan Pusat Statistik. (2022). Pengangguran Terbuka Menurut Pendidikan Tertinggi yang Ditamatkan (Orang), 2021-2022. Retrieved from https://www.bps.go.id/indicator/6/674/1/-pengangguran-terbuka-menurut-pendidikan-tertinggi-yang-ditamatkan.html
[9] Bahtiar M.D., Soesatyo, Y., & Hakim, L. (2016). The Influence of Locus of Control, Self-Efficacy And Accounting Achievement Learning to Accounting Career Maturity Of The Students Grade XII of the Skill Accounting Program in The Private Vocational High Schools. International Journal of Education, 10(1), 53-59. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/ije.v10i1.4679
[10] Cakir, Mustafa. (2017). Investigating Prospective Teachers' Perceived Problem-solving Abilities in Relation to Gender, Major, Place Lived, and Locus of Control. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 5(6), 1030-1038.
[11] Crites, J. O. (1974). Problems in the measurement of vocational maturity. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 4(1), 25–31
[12] Coertse, S., & Schepers, J. M. (2004). Some personality and cognitive correlates of Career Maturity. SA Journal of Industrial Psychology, 30(2),https://doi.org/10.4102/sajip.v30i2.150
[13] Creed, P. A., Fallon T., & Hood M. (2008). The Relationship Between Career Adaptability, Person and Situation Variables, and Career Concerns in Young Adults. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 74(2009). 219-229
[14] Crowne, D. P., & Liverant, S. (1963). Conformity under varying conditions of personal commitment. The Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 66(6), 547–555. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0048942
[15] Dewi, R. A., & Djamhoer, T. D. (2023). Pengaruh Prestasi Belajar terhadap Kematangan Karir pada Mahasiswa Tingkat Akhir di Universitas Islam Bandung. Bandung Conference Series: Psychology Science, 3(1), 50-56.
[16] Djunaedi, N., et al. (2022). Pengaruh Locus of Control terhadap Kematangan Karir yang Dimediasi oleh Self-Efficacy pada Mahasiswa. Jurnal Psikologi Insight, 6(2), 103-114. https://doi.org/10.17509/insight.v6i2.64761
[17] Domene, J. F., Landine, J., & Stewart, J. (2015). Emerging Adult Career Transitions. American Psychological Association, 2, 479–494. https://doi.org/10.1037/14439-035
[18] Eurostat. (2023). Employment rates of recent graduates. Eurostat Statistics Explained. Retrieved October 27, 2023, from https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=Employment_rates_of_recent_graduates
[19] Friedman, et al. (2008). Kepribadian: Teori Klasik dan Riset Modern Edisi Ketiga. Jakarta: Erlangga.
[20] Ghufron, M. N., & Risnawati, R.S. (2011). Teori-Teori Psikologi. Yogyakarta: Ar-Ruz
[21] Gonzalez, M.A. (2008). Career Maturity: A Priority for Secondary Education. Manuel Alvarez. Electronic Journal of Research in Educational Psychology, 6(16), 749-77
[22] Hendayani, N., & Abdullah, S. M. (2018). Dukungan Teman Sebaya dan Career Maturity Mahasiswa Tingkat Akhir. Jurnal Ilmiah Psikologi Terapan, 6(1), 28–40. https://doi.org/10.22219/jipt.v6i1.5189
[23] Hidayat, H., et al. (2020). The Contribution of Internal Locus of Control and Self-Concept to Career Maturity in Engineering Education. International Journal on Advance Science Engineering Information Technology, 10(6), 2282-2289.
[24] Higginbotham, D. (2023). Graduate schemes. Prospects. Retrieved October 27, 2023, from https://www.prospects.ac.uk/careers-advice/getting-a-job/graduate-schemes
[25] Hirschi, A. (2009). Career adaptability development in adolescence: multiple predictors and effect on sense of power and life satisfaction. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 74 (2), 145-155.
[26] Hulu, F., & Rozaini, N. (2020). Pengaruh Kreativitas Belajar dan Soft Skill Mahasiswa terhadap Kesiapan Kerja Mahasiswa Pendidikan Bisnis 2016. Niagawan, 9(3), 263-270. doi: https://doi.org/10.24114/niaga.v9i3.20327
[27] Hurlock, E.B. (2009). Psikologi Perkembangan: Suatu Perkembangan Sepanjang. Rentan Kehidupan. Jakarta: Erlangga
[28] Howitt, D., & Cramer, D. (2011). Introduction to Research Methods in Psychology (3rd ed.). Harlow, England: Pearson.
[29] Efran, J. S. (1963). Some personality determinants of memory for success and failure. Dissertation, Ohio State University.
[30] Ishak, K. (2018). Faktor-Faktor Yang mempengaruhi Pengangguran Dan Inflikasi Terhadap Indeks Pembangunan Di Indonesia. IQTISHADUNA: Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi Kita, 7(1), 22-38
[31] Kreitner, R., & Kinicki, A. (2001). Organizational Behaviour. New York: Irwin/McGraw Hill.
[32] Lent, R. W., & Brown, S. D. (2013). Social cognitive model of career self-management: Toward a unifying view of adaptive career behavior across the life span. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 60(4), 557–568. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0033446
[33] Levenson, H. (1973). Multidimensional Locus of Control in psychiatric patients. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 41(3), 397-404.
[34] Opier, N.M., & Mahpur, M. (2021). The Influence of Locus of Control and Gender Role on Career Decision Making of Students, Journal of Indonesian Psychological Science, 1 (1), 1-8.
[35] Panjaitan, Y. J., & Sahrah, A. (2023). Adaptasi Career Adapt-Abilities – Short Form Ke Versi Indonesia. Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Pendidikan, 7(2), 1421-1431.
[36] Pinasti, W. (2011). Pengaruh Self-Efficacy, Locus of Control dan Faktor Demografis terhadap Kematangan Karir Mahasiswa UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta. Skripsi. Jakarta: UIN Syarif Hidayatullah.
[37] Prahesty, I. D. (2013) Perbedaan kematangan karir siswa ditinjau dari jenis sekolah. Character: Jurnal Penelitian Psikologi, 2(2).
[38] Reskido, A. (2023). Resiliensi dan Growth Mindset sebagai Solusi Peningkatan Kematangan Karier Mahasiswa pada Era VUCA
[39] Rosa, N. (2023). Kemendikbudrsitek: 13,33% Lulusan Perguruan Tinggi Masih Pengangguran. detikEdu. Retrieved July 23, 2023 from https://www.detik.com/edu/perguruan-tinggi/d 6844724/kemendikbudristek-13-33-lulusan-perguruan-tinggi-masih-pengangguran
[40] Rotter, J. B. (1966). Generalized expectancies for internal versus external control of reinforcement. Psychological Monographs: General and Applied, 80(1), 1-28.
[41] Safitri, Prianto, P. L., & Patricia. (2019). Peranan Locus of Control, Self-Esteem, Self-Efficacy, dan Prestasi Belajar terhadap Kematangan Karir. Jurnal Ilmiah Psikologi MIND SET, 1(2), 140 - 148. https://doi.org/10.35814/mind set.v1i02.194
[42] Santoso, A.R., & Rahmawati, S. (2023). Pengaruh Internal Locus of Control terhadap Career Maturity Mahasiswa Fakultas Ekonomi dan Manajemen IPB University. Menara Ilmu, 17(2). 76-84.
[43] Schlossberg, N. K. (1984). Counseling adults in transition: Linking practice with theory. New York: Springer
[44] Sharf, R. S. (1992). Applying Career Development Theory to Counselling. California: Pacivic Grove.
[45] Siregar, M. (2015). Hubungan Locus of Control Internal dengan Kematangan Karir
[46] Super, D. E., & Knasel, E. G. (1981). Career development in adulthood: Some theoretical problems and a possible solution. British Journal of Guidance & Counselling, 9(2), 194–201. https://doi.org/10.1080/03069888100760211
[47] Super, D. E. (2002). The definition and measurement of Career Maturity. International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance, 2(1), 41-45. doi:10.1023/A:1014231615632
[48] Spector, P. E. (1988). Development of the Work Locus of Control Scale. Journal of Occupational Psychology, 61(4), 335–340. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8325.1988.tb00470.x
[49] Widyastuti, N., & Widyowati, A. (2015). Hubungan Antara Locus of Control dengan Kematangan Karir pada Siswa SMK N 1 Bantul. Humanitas, 12(2), 82-89. doi: 10.26555/humanitas.v12i2.3835
[50] Winkel, W.S., & Hastuti, S. (2013). Bimbingan karir di institusi pendidikan. Yogyakarta: Media Abadi.
[51] Zulfikar, F. (2022, October 27). Kisah Sam Maykel, Lulusan S2 Termuda ITB dengan Usia 21 Tahun. detikEdu. Retrieved from https://www.detik.com/edu/edutainment/d-6371878/kisah-sam-maykel-lulusan-s2-termuda-itb-dengan-usia-21-tahun
[52] Zulkaida, A., et al. (2007). Pengaruh Locus of Control Dan Efikasi Diri Terhadap Kematangan Karir Siswa Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA).” Procceding PESAT (Psikologi, Ekonomi, Sastra, Arsitek & Sipil),21-22.
Published
2024-08-05
Section
Articles
