Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
type: channel
description: Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy merupakan wadah publikasi hasil-hasil penelitian dan pengabdian masyarakat dalam bidang Ilmu Farmasi yang telah dipresentasikan pada Seminar Nasional UNISBA yang diselenggarakan tahunan oleh UPT Publikasi Ilmiah Universitas Islam Bandung. BCSP ini dipublikasikan pertamanya 2021 dengan eISSN 2828-2116 yang diterbitkan oleh UPT Publikasi Ilmiah, Universitas Islam Bandung. Semua artikel diperiksa plagiasinya dengan perangkat lunak anti plagiarisme. Jurnal ini ter-indeks di Google Scholar, Garuda, Crossref, dan <a title="DOAJ" href="https://doaj.org/search/journals?ref=quick-search&source=%7B%22query%22%3A%7B%22filtered%22%3A%7B%22filter%22%3A%7B%22bool%22%3A%7B%22must%22%3A%5B%7B%22terms%22%3A%7B%22bibjson.publisher.name.exact%22%3A%5B%22Universitas%20Islam%20Bandung%22%5D%7D%7D%5D%7D%7D%2C%22query%22%3A%7B%22query_string%22%3A%7B%22query%22%3A%22universitas%20islam%20bandung%22%2C%22default_operator%22%3A%22AND%22%2C%22default_field%22%3A%22bibjson.publisher.name%22%7D%7D%7D%7D%7D" target="_blank" rel="noopener">DOAJ. Terbit setiap Maret dan September.
publisher: UNISBA Press
language: en-US
publication name: Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
issn: 2828-2116
items: Jenis Polimer dalam Pengembangan Mucoadhesive-NLC untuk Intranasal Brain Delivery
items: Biosintesis Nanopartikel Perak Menggunakan Ekstrak Daun Genjer
items: Studi Penambatan Molekuler Piperine sebagai Inhibitor Asetilkolinesterase (AChE) untuk Alzheimer
items: Molecular Docking Senyawa Xanthorrhizol sebagai Kandidat Antidiabetes Tipe 2 terhadap Target PTP1B
items: Biosintesis Nanopartikel Perak Menggunakan Ekstrak Daun Gandapura
items: Studi Literatur: Potensi Minyak Nabati sebagai Antiinflamasi Topikal pada Penyembuhan Luka
items: Profil Komorbiditas terhadap Kesembuhan Pasien TB-RO di RSUP Dr. H. A. Rotinsulu
items: Sintesis Tetrapeptida FIGP sebagai Antioksidan Menggunakan Metode SPPS
items: Sintesis Tripeptida (Asp–His–Gly) Menggunakan Metode (SPPS) Sebagai Kandidat Aktivitas Antioksidan
items: Optimasi Isolasi Albumin Dari Belut (Monopterus Albus) Menggunakan Metode Heating Shock
items: Pengaruh Metode Ekstraksi terhadap Kadar Fenol dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Daun Cincau Hijau
items: Studi Literatur: Potensi Daun Binahong (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis) pada Penyembuhan Luka
items: Uji Toksisitas Ekstrak Etanol Daun Petai Cina terhadap Embrio Ikan Zebra
items: Uji Cemaran Mikroba pada Sediaan Toner Tanpa Izin Edar BPOM
items: Karakterisasi Fisik dan Identifikasi Senyawa pada Minyak Tamanu (Calophyllum inophyllum L.)
items: Karakterisasi Fisik dan Analisis Senyawa dalam Minyak Rosemari (Rosmarinus officinalis)
items: Pola Penggunaan Antitrombosis pada Pasien Kardiovaskular-GGK di RS. X Bandung 2025
items: Potensi Antibakteri Ekstrak Umbi Bawang Tiwai terhadap Cutibacterium acnes
items: Formulasi dan Evaluasi Film Forming Solution Melatonin untuk Terapi Insomnia
items: Formulasi Sediaan Patch Mengandung Ekstrak Etanol Daun Sembung (Blumea balsamifera L.)
items: Kajian Strategi Formulasi SNEDDS dan SMEED Ekstrak Jahe dan Senyawa Bioaktifnya
items: Formulasi Gel Patch Bawang Putih Hitam (Allium sativum L)
items: Karakterisasi Kandungan Senyawa Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) serta Asam Hialuronat
items: Efektivitas Antibiotik Pasien Rawat Inap Pneumonia Komunitas di RSUD Welas Asih
items: Evaluasi Penggunaan Antibiotik Pneumonia Pediatri di RSUD Bandung Kiwari Metode Gyssens
items: Studi Literatur Perbandingan Metode Isolasi Peroksidase Tanaman untuk Biosensor Kanker Paru
items: Aktivitas Antijamur Ekstrak Daun Murbei terhadap Malassezia Furfur dan Trichophyton mentagrophytes
items: Evaluasi Efektivitas Eritropoietin terhadap Respons Hematologi Pasien Gagal Ginjal Kronis
items: Studi Literatur: Sistem In Situ Gel dalam Pengembangan Sediaan Farmasi
items: Pola Penggunaan Obat pada Lansia Gagal Jantung Kongesti di RS X Bandung
items: Formulasi Masker Hidrogel Mengandung Ekstrak Etanol Daun Sembung (Blumea balsamifera L.)
items: Pola Peresepan Obat Pasien Gagal Jantung Kongestif RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung
items: Pengaruh Terapi Dapagliflozin terhadap Rehospitalisasi Pasien Gagal Jantung di RSUD Welas Asih
items: Uji Toksisitas Akut Ekstrak Etanol Biji Ketumbar terhadap Embrio Ikan Zebra
items: Sintesis Senyawa Tripeptida Valin-Asparagin-Prolin sebagai Kandidat Antioksidan dengan Menggunakan Metode SPPS
items: Skrining Fitokimia, Karakterisasi Simplisia dan Analisis Profil KLT dari Ekstrak (Kappaphycopsis cottonii)
items: Optimasi Formulasi Gel Topikal Ekstrak Daun Binahong Menggunakan Factorial Design
items: Profil Pengobatan Berbasis Platinum pada Pasien KPKBSK Stadium III di RS X
items: Karakterisasi Asam Salisilat dan Minyak Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia)
items: Potensi Gastroprotektif Tanaman Herbal di Indonesia
items: Efektivitas Bisoprolol pada Denyut Jantung Pasien Gagal Jantung di RS X
items: Pemahaman Anemia dan Ketepatan Penggunaan Tablet Tambah Darah di Kecamatan Maja
items: Eksperimen Desain Faktorial untuk Optimasi Aktivitas Antioksidan Beras Hitam Menggunakan UAE
items: Formulasi Sheet Mask Bioselulosa dari Kulit Nanas (Ananas Comosus (L.) Merr.)
items: Studi In Silico Profil ADMET Senyawa Aktif Tanaman Telang (Clitoria ternateae L.)
items: Sintesis Senyawa Tetrapeptida YLVN sebagai Kandidat Antioksidan
items: Kajian Sistematis Aktivitas Antioksidan Kolagen dan Turunannya dari Ikan sebagai Inhibitor Tirosinase
items: Formulasi In Situ Gel Oral Ekstrak Brokoli dan Aktivitas Antibakterinya
items: Profil Simplisia dan Ekstrak Daun Wortel (Daucus Carota L.) dari Daerah Sukabumi
items: Studi Literatur Daun Sirih Merah (Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav) untuk Luka
items: Kajian Literatur Potensi Rimpang Jahe Merah sebagai Analgesik dan Antiinflamasi
items: Kajian Metode Top Down dalam Pembuatan Nanokristal Obat Antidiabetika Oral
items: Ekstrak Bunga Rosella (Hibiscus Sabdariffa L.) sebagai Antiseptik Oral terhadap Staphylococcus Aureus
items: Perbandingan Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Daun Belimbing Manis terhadap Bakteri Penyebab Jerawat
items: Ekstraksi dan Identifikasi Enzim Bromelin dari Buah dan Kulit Nanas
items: Perbandingan Flavonoid Total dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Daun Jambu Bol dan Jambu Air
items: Kajian Metode Bottom-Up pada Pembuatan Nanokristal Obat Antidiabetika Oral BCS Kelas II
items: Formulasi Floating Tablet Mengandung Ekstrak Etanol Daun Sembung (Blumea Balsamifera (L.) DC.)
items: Studi Literatur : Aktivitas Antioksidan pada Daun Mint (Mentha Piperita L.)
items: Uji Kelarutan Tretinoin pada Kandidat Minyak
items: Kemampuan Fotoproteksi Minyak Biji Raspberry dan Cellulose Nanocrystal
items: Penapisan Fitokimia, Karakterisasi Simplisia dan Analisis Profil KLT Ekstrak Kunyit Hitam
items: Penelusuran Pustaka Potensi Aktivitas Antibakteri Tanaman Kelor (Moringa Oleifera Lam)
items: Profil Penggunaan Obat Antihipertensi pada Pasien Preeklamsia dan Eklampsia di RS X
items: Metode Ekstraksi dan Sifat Fungsional Kolagen Berbasis Ikan: Kajian Sistematis Literatur
items: Formulasi Nanoemulgel dari Ekstrak Etanol Daun Sembung (Blumea balsamifera L.)
items: Skrining Fitokimia, Karakterisasi Simplisia dan Analisis Profil KLT Ekstrak Ceri Barbados
items: Studi Literatur: Potensi Ekstrak Daun Kelor sebagai Terapi Topikal Luka Bakar
items: Formulasi Gummy Candy Mengandung Cuka Apel
items: Formulasi Face Mist Fraksi Daun Kelor (Moringa Oleifera Lam.) dan Uji Antioksidan
items: Karakterisasi Simplisia dan Ekstrak Daun Kemangi dari Daerah Cihanjuang Kabupaten Bandung
items: Efektivitas Antibiotik terhadap Parameter Klinis Pasien Pneumonia Pediatri di RSUD Bandung Kiwari
items: Profil Simplisia dan Ekstrak Kulit Nanas dari Daerah Subang dengan Metode Maserasi

Jenis Polimer dalam Pengembangan Mucoadhesive-NLC untuk Intranasal Brain Delivery
type: item
description: Abstract. The highly selective blood-brain barrier (BBB) poses a major obstacle to brain drug delivery, and the intranasal route has emerged as a non-invasive approach capable of bypassing the BBB via the olfactory and trigeminal pathways. Combining nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) with mucoadhesive polymers can prolong the residence time of the formulation on the nasal mucosa, although its physicochemical performance is strongly influenced by the type of polymer used. This study aims to examine the types of mucoadhesive polymers used in the development of mucoadhesive-NLC systems for intranasal brain delivery and their effect on physicochemical characteristics, using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) of 22 reputable articles meeting the inclusion criteria. Results showed that natural polymers (chitosan, gellan gum, sodium hyaluronate) and synthetic polymers (HPMC, carbopol, poloxamer) produced NLC systems with particle sizes of 41.55-255 nm, PDI below 0.3; zeta potential of -39.3 to +41 mV, entrapment efficiency of 63.7-99.99%, and mucoadhesive strength varying according to polymer charge and binding mechanism. Cationic polymers such as chitosan enhanced mucoadhesion through electrostatic interaction with negatively charged mucus, while thermoreversible polymers such as poloxamer and gellan gum strengthened retention through in situ gel formation at physiological temperature. Overall, these findings confirm that the selection of polymer type is a critical factor determining the physicochemical characteristics of mucoadhesive-NLC systems for intranasal brain delivery. Abstrak. Blood-brain barrier (BBB) yang sangat selektif menjadi hambatan utama penghantaran obat ke otak, rute intranasal berkembang sebagai pendekatan non-invasif yang mampu melewati BBB melalui jalur olfaktorius dan trigeminal. Kombinasi nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) dengan polimer mukoadhesif dapat memperpanjang waktu tinggal sediaan pada mukosa hidung, namun performa fisikokimianya sanga…
creator: Aulia Nurfauziyah Islamiati
creator: Sani Ega Priani
creator: Ratih Aryani
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-07-28
publication date: 2026-07-28
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.24029

Biosintesis Nanopartikel Perak Menggunakan Ekstrak Daun Genjer
type: item
description: Abstract. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are widely developed nanomaterials because of their potential antibacterial activity. Green synthesis using plant extracts offers an environmentally friendly alternative to synthetic reducing agents. This study aimed to synthesize and characterize AgNPs using (Limnocharis flava L.) leaf extract as a natural bioreducing agent and to evaluate their antibacterial activity. The extract was prepared by aqueous infusion and screened phytochemically for flavonoids, tannins, and phenolic compounds. AgNPs were synthesized using AgNO3 at different concentrations and extract ratios, followed by UV-Vis, Particle Size Analyzer (PSA), FTIR, and agar well diffusion characterization. The optimum formulation was obtained at 2.5 mM AgNO3 with a 7:2:1 ratio of AgNO3:extract:PVA. Formation of AgNPs was indicated by a brown color and a maximum UV-Vis absorption at 430 nm. PSA showed a mean particle size of 125.9 nm and a PDI of 0.252 after sonication. FTIR indicated shifts in O–H, C=O, and C–O functional groups, suggesting their involvement in reduction and stabilization. Antibacterial testing showed inhibition zones of 2.8 mm against Escherichia coli and 2.7 mm against Staphylococcus aureus, indicating weak activity. These findings demonstrate the potential of L. flava leaf extract as a natural bioreducing agent for AgNP synthesis, although further optimization is needed to improve antibacterial efficacy. Abstrak. Nanopartikel perak (AgNPs) merupakan nanomaterial yang banyak dikembangkan karena berpotensi sebagai agen antibakteri. Sintesis hijau menggunakan ekstrak tanaman menjadi alternatif yang lebih ramah lingkungan dibandingkan reduktor sintetis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mensintesis dan mengkarakterisasi AgNPs menggunakan ekstrak daun genjer (Limnocharis flava L.) sebagai bioreduktor alami serta mengevaluasi aktivitas antibakterinya. Ekstrak dibuat dengan metode infusa menggunakan air dan dilakukan skrining fitokimia terhadap flavonoid, …
creator: M. Rifki Yusuf Alfarizi
creator: Hilda Aprilia Wisnuwardhani
creator: Farendina Suarantika
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-07-29
publication date: 2026-07-29
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.24196

Studi Penambatan Molekuler Piperine sebagai Inhibitor Asetilkolinesterase (AChE) untuk Alzheimer
type: item
description: Abstract. Alzheimer’s disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive impairment resulting from the degeneration of cholinergic neurons. Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) remains one of the principal therapeutic strategies to preserve acetylcholine levels in the synaptic cleft and alleviate disease symptoms. Piperine, the major alkaloid compound found in Piper nigrum L., has demonstrated neuroprotective properties and is considered a promising natural compound for Alzheimer’s disease therapy. This study aimed to evaluate the binding potential of piperine toward AChE using a molecular docking approach. The three-dimensional structure of AChE (PDB ID: 2GYU) was obtained from the Protein Data Bank and prepared using BIOVIA Discovery Studio Visualizer. Docking protocol validation was carried out through a redocking procedure prior to molecular docking simulations performed with AutoDock Vina. The docking analysis revealed a binding affinity of –8.07 kcal/mol and an estimated inhibition constant (Ki) of 1.21 µM. Molecular interaction analysis indicated that piperine formed Carbon Hydrogen Bond, Pi-Donor Hydrogen Bond, Pi-Pi Stacked, Alkyl, and Pi-Alkyl interactions with amino acid residues located within the active site of AChE. These findings suggest that piperine exhibits favorable binding characteristics toward AChE and may serve as a potential acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. Nevertheless, further investigations, including molecular dynamics simulations as well as in vitro and in vivo studies, are required to validate the stability of the ligand–protein complex and its biological activity. Abstrak.Penyakit Alzheimer merupakan gangguan neurodegeneratif progresif yang ditandai oleh penurunan fungsi kognitif akibat degenerasi neuron kolinergik. Salah satu pendekatan terapi yang banyak diterapkan untuk mengurangi gejala penyakit ini adalah menghambat aktivitas enzim asetilkolinesterase (AChE), sehingga kadar asetilkolin di celah sina…
creator: Muhammad Fikri Hakiki
creator: Taufik Muhammad Fakih
creator: Tegar Achsendo Yuniarta
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-07-29
publication date: 2026-07-29
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.24216

Molecular Docking Senyawa Xanthorrhizol sebagai Kandidat Antidiabetes Tipe 2 terhadap Target PTP1B
type: item
description: Abstract. Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by increased blood glucose levels due to impaired insulin production or function. The development of natural product-based drug candidates has become one of the approaches that continues to be explored, including xanthorrhizol, which is known to possess various biological activities. This study aimed to analyze the potential of xanthorrhizol as an antidiabetic candidate through a molecular docking approach against the target receptor Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) with PDB ID 1XBO. The docking simulation was performed using AutoDock to determine the binding affinity value and interactions between the ligand and receptor. The results showed that xanthorrhizol exhibited a binding affinity value of -5.95 kcal/mol and was able to interact with the active site of the receptor through noncovalent interactions, including hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions, which contributed to the stabilization of the ligand-receptor complex. Based on these results, xanthorrhizol has potential as a candidate compound for type 2 diabetes mellitus therapy and requires further investigation through biological evaluation. Abstrak. Diabetes melitus merupakan salah satu penyakit metabolik yang ditandai dengan peningkatan kadar glukosa darah akibat gangguan produksi maupun kerja insulin. Pengembangan kandidat obat berbasis bahan alam menjadi salah satu pendekatan yang terus dikembangkan, salah satunya melalui senyawa xanthorrhizol yang diketahui memiliki berbagai aktivitas biologis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis potensi xanthorrhizol sebagai kandidat antidiabetes melalui pendekatan molecular docking terhadap reseptor target Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) dengan kode PDB 1XBO. Simulasi docking dilakukan menggunakan AutoDock untuk mengetahui nilai binding affinity serta interaksi antara ligan dan reseptor. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa xanthorrhizol memiliki nilai binding affinity sebesar …
creator: Ismi Relivtintaeni
creator: Taufik Muhammad Fakih
creator: Tegar Achsendo Yuniarta
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-07-29
publication date: 2026-07-29
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.24218

Biosintesis Nanopartikel Perak Menggunakan Ekstrak Daun Gandapura
type: item
description: Abstract. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are nanomaterials with potential as antibacterial agents. The green synthesis method utilizes plant extracts as bioreducing agents because they contain polyphenols and flavonoids capable of reducing Ag⁺ ions into nanoparticles while simultaneously acting as stabilizing agents. This study aimed to synthesize, characterize, and evaluate the antibacterial activity of AgNPs using Gaultheria fragrantissima leaf infusion extract as a bioreducing agent. The synthesis was carried out using a 1 mM AgNO₃ solution with and without the addition of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). Characterization included phytochemical screening, UV-Vis spectrophotometry, particle size analysis, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), while the antibacterial activity was evaluated using the agar well diffusion method against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The leaf infusion extract contained flavonoids, polyphenols, tannins, and alkaloids. The formation of AgNPs was indicated by a color change of the solution to brown and a UV-Vis absorption peak at 419.5–443 nm. The average particle size of the synthesized AgNPs was 83.05 nm without PVP and 66.55 nm with PVP, with polydispersity index values of 0.389 and 0.370, respectively. The infrared spectra indicated the involvement of hydroxyl, carbonyl, and other oxygen-containing functional groups in nanoparticle formation. The inhibition zone diameters were 6.27 mm against S. aureus and 5.69 mm against E. coli. Abstrak. Nanopartikel perak (AgNPs) merupakan nanomaterial yang berpotensi sebagai agen antibakteri. Sintesis AgNP melalui metode green synthesis memanfaatkan ekstrak tanaman sebagai bioreduktor karena mengandung senyawa polifenol dan flavonoid yang mampu mereduksi ion Ag+ menjadi nanopartikel sekaligus berperan sebagai penstabil. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mensintesis, mengkarakterisasi, dan mengevaluasi aktivitas antibakteri AgNPs menggunakan ekstrak infusa daun gandapura (Gaulther…
creator: Nina Destrian Azizah
creator: Hilda Aprilia Wisnuwardhani
creator: Bertha Rusdi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-07-30
publication date: 2026-07-30
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.24290

Studi Literatur: Potensi Minyak Nabati sebagai Antiinflamasi Topikal pada Penyembuhan Luka
type: item
description: Abstract. Wound healing is a complex biological process involving hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and tissue remodeling. Excessive or prolonged inflammation may delay epithelialization, collagen formation, and tissue regeneration. Conventional topical therapies, including antiseptics and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, may cause adverse effects with long-term use, encouraging the exploration of natural alternatives. This literature review aimed to evaluate the potential of vegetable oils as topical anti-inflammatory agents in wound healing. Literature was collected from PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and MDPI published between 2015 and 2026 using keywords related to vegetable oils, anti-inflammatory activity, topical application, and wound healing. The review included in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies. Sesame oil, virgin coconut oil, olive oil, sunflower oil, and black seed oil were identified as the most frequently investigated oils. Their anti-inflammatory effects are associated with bioactive compounds such as sesamin, sesamol, oleuropein, hydroxytyrosol, lauric acid, linoleic acid, and thymoquinone. These compounds may modulate NF-κB signaling, reduce pro-inflammatory cytokines, inhibit COX-2 expression, and enhance collagen synthesis and angiogenesis. Current evidence suggests that vegetable oils have promising potential as supportive topical therapies for wound healing; however, further standardized clinical studies are required to determine optimal formulations and therapeutic concentrations. Abstrak. Penyembuhan luka merupakan proses biologis kompleks yang melibatkan fase hemostasis, inflamasi, proliferasi, dan remodeling jaringan. Inflamasi yang berlebihan atau berkepanjangan dapat menghambat epitelisasi, pembentukan kolagen, dan regenerasi jaringan. Terapi topikal konvensional seperti antiseptik dan obat antiinflamasi nonsteroid dapat menimbulkan efek samping pada penggunaan jangka panjang sehingga diperlukan alternatif berbasi…
creator: Daffa Hanif Fadillah
creator: Budi Prabowo Soewondo
creator: Ratih Aryani
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-07-31
publication date: 2026-07-31
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.24488

Profil Komorbiditas terhadap Kesembuhan Pasien TB-RO di RSUP Dr. H. A. Rotinsulu
type: item
description: Abstract. Drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) is a major health concern that requires complex treatment and continuous monitoring. Comorbidities may worsen patients’ clinical conditions, increase the risk of complications, and affect treatment outcomes. This study aimed to describe patient characteristics, the profile of comorbidities, and treatment outcomes among DR-TB patients at Dr. H. A. Rotinsulu General Hospital. This study employed a descriptive observational design with retrospective data collection using electronic medical records of DR-TB patients during the 2024–2025 period. The data included sex, age, types of comorbidities, and treatment outcomes. Data were analyzed descriptively and presented as frequencies and percentages. The results showed that most patients were male (54.5%), and adults constituted the largest age group (39.3%). The most frequently identified comorbidity was chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), affecting 25 patients (32.9%), of whom 23 recovered and 2 did not recover. Type 2 diabetes mellitus was identified in 20 patients (26.3%), with 17 patients recovering and 3 not recovering. Ischemic coronary artery disease (CAD) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) were each identified in 2 patients, with 1 patient recovering and 1 not recovering. Comprehensive management and monitoring of comorbidities are necessary to support successful DR-TB treatment. Abstrak. Tuberkulosis resistan obat (TB-RO) merupakan masalah kesehatan yang memerlukan pengobatan kompleks dan pemantauan berkelanjutan. Komorbiditas dapat memperberat kondisi klinis, meningkatkan risiko komplikasi, serta memengaruhi keberhasilan pengobatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menggambarkan karakteristik pasien, profil komorbiditas, dan tingkat kesembuhan pasien TB-RO di RSUP Dr. H. A. Rotinsulu. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif observasional dengan pengambilan data secara retrospektif melalui rekam medis elektronik pasien TB-RO periode 2024–2025. Data meliputi …
creator: Nadia Indah Sari
creator: Umi Yuniarni
creator: Suwendar Suwendar
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-07-31
publication date: 2026-07-31
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.24522

Sintesis Tetrapeptida FIGP sebagai Antioksidan Menggunakan Metode SPPS
type: item
description: Abstract. Free radicals trigger oxidative stress that contributes to various diseases, so antioxidants are required to counteract them. Previous research reported that the tetrapeptide Phenylalanine-Isoleucine-Glycine-Proline (FIGP) isolated from the skin of bluefin leatherjacket (Navodon septentrionalis) fish possesses antioxidant activity, but the limited yield obtained through isolation restricts its further application. This study aimed to synthesize FIGP using Solid Phase Peptide Synthesis (SPPS), to characterize the synthesized product, and to evaluate its antioxidant activity using the DPPH method. Synthesis was carried out on 2-chlorotrityl chloride resin through reactor conditioning, resin swelling, sequential coupling of Fmoc-protected amino acids (proline, glycine, isoleucine, phenylalanine) using HATU/HOAt/DIPEA, Fmoc deprotection, chloranil testing, and cleavage from the resin using TFA:TIS:Mili-Q (38:1:1). The crude peptide was characterized by reverse-phase HPLC and mass spectrometry, and antioxidant activity was expressed as the IC50 value. Synthesis was successfully performed with a resin loading value of 0.5 mmol. HPLC characterization indicated that sample purity was still low, as several minor peaks were observed, while mass spectrometry confirmed the formation of FIGP with a peak at m/z 431 [M−H]⁻. The DPPH assay yielded an average IC50 of 1522.525 ppm, indicating very weak or negligible antioxidant activity. Further purification using column chromatography with a C18 stationary phase and additional NMR characterization are recommended to confirm the purity and structure of the tetrapeptide. Abstrak. Radikal bebas dapat memicu stres oksidatif yang berperan dalam berbagai penyakit sehingga diperlukan antioksidan untuk menetralisirnya. Penelitian sebelumnya melaporkan bahwa tetrapeptida Fenilalanin-Isoleusin-Glisin-Prolin (FIGP) hasil isolasi dari kulit ikan bluefin leatherjacket (Navodon septentrionalis) memiliki aktivitas antioksidan, namun kete…
creator: Saskia Putri Anggreyani
creator: Nety Kurniaty
creator: Farendina Suarantika
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-07-31
publication date: 2026-07-31
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.24552

Sintesis Tripeptida (Asp–His–Gly) Menggunakan Metode (SPPS) Sebagai Kandidat Aktivitas Antioksidan
type: item
description: Abstract. Bioactive peptides have attracted considerable attention due to their potential antioxidant activity. This study aimed to synthesize the Asp–His–Gly tripeptide using the Solid Phase Peptide Synthesis (SPPS) method, characterize the synthesized product, and evaluate its antioxidant activity. The tripeptide was synthesized on 2-chlorotrityl chloride (2-CTC) resin using the Fmoc strategy through coupling, deprotection, capping, and cleavage steps. The crude peptide was characterized by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Mass Spectrometry (MS), while antioxidant activity was determined using the DPPH radical scavenging assay at 517 nm. HPLC analysis indicated that the synthesized product still contained several impurity peaks. The mass spectrum exhibited a dominant peak at m/z 385. The synthesized tripeptide showed weak antioxidant activity with an IC₅₀ value of 421.783 ppm, which was lower than that reported for the Asp–His–Gly peptide obtained from enzymatic hydrolysis of chickpea protein. The SPPS method successfully synthesized the Asp–His–Gly tripeptide; however, further optimization of coupling, deprotection, and purification is required to improve product purity and antioxidant activity. Abstrak. Peptida bioaktif merupakan senyawa yang berpotensi sebagai antioksidan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mensintesis tripeptida Asp–His–Gly menggunakan metode Solid Phase Peptide Synthesis (SPPS), mengarakterisasi produk sintesis, serta mengevaluasi aktivitas antioksidannya. Sintesis dilakukan pada resin 2-klorotritil klorida (2-CTC) dengan strategi Fmoc melalui tahapan pengkoplingan, deproteksi, capping, dan cleavage. Produk sintesis dikarakterisasi menggunakan Kromatografi Cair Kinerja Tinggi (KCKT) dan Spektrometri Massa (MS), sedangkan aktivitas antioksidan diuji menggunakan metode DPPH pada panjang gelombang 517 nm. Kromatogram KCKT menunjukkan masih adanya beberapa puncak pengotor, sedangkan spektrometri massa menghasilkan puncak dominan pada m/z 3…
creator: Muhamad Adziana Ramadhan
creator: Nety Kurniaty
creator: Farendina Suarantika
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-07-31
publication date: 2026-07-31
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.24563

Optimasi Isolasi Albumin Dari Belut (Monopterus Albus) Menggunakan Metode Heating Shock
type: item
description: Abstract. The swamp eel (Monopterus albus) is a potential source of albumin that can be developed as a raw material for albumin isolation. This study aimed to optimize the isolation of albumin from swamp eel using the heat-shock method with variations in temperature and heating time. Optimization was carried out using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) where temperature and time served as variables and albumin yield as the response variable. The results showed that temperature had a significant effect on albumin yield (p<0.05), whereas heating time and the interaction between temperature and time had no significant effect (p>0.05). The optimum condition for albumin isolation was predicted to be at a temperature of 80°C and a heating time of 75 minutes, resulting in an albumin yield 0,4546 %. SDS-PAGE analysis showed the presence of a protein band in the 60–72 kDa range, which was presumed to be albumin based on its molecular weight of approximately 66–67 kDa. Therefore, temperature was identified as the most influential factor affecting albumin isolation using the heat-shock method. Abstrak. Belut (Monopterus albus) merupakan salah satu sumber albumin yang berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai bahan baku isolasi albumin. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengoptimasi isolasi albumin dari belut menggunakan metode heat shock dengan variasi suhu dan waktu pemanasan. Optimasi dilakukan menggunakan Response Surface Methodology (RSM) dengan suhu dan waktu sebagai variabel serta rendemen albumin sebagai respon. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa suhu berpengaruh signifikan terhadap rendemen albumin (p<0,05), sedangkan waktu dan interaksi suhu-waktu tidak berpengaruh signifikan (p>0,05). Kondisi optimum isolasi albumin dipediksi pada suhu 80°C dan waktu 75 menit dengan rendemen sebesar 0,4546 %. Hasil identifikasi menggunakan SDS-PAGE menunjukkan adanya pita protein pada kisaran 60–72 kDa yang diduga merupakan albumin sesuai dengan rentang berat molekul albumin sekitar 66–67 kDa. Dengan d…
creator: Aqilah Adelingga Wijaya
creator: Bertha Rusdi
creator: Arlina Prima Putri
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-07-31
publication date: 2026-07-31
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.24540

Pengaruh Metode Ekstraksi terhadap Kadar Fenol dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Daun Cincau Hijau
type: item
description: Abstract. This study aimed to compare the total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of 70% ethanol extracts of green grass jelly leaves obtained by maceration and Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction (UAE), and to determine the more effective extraction method. The results showed that the extraction yield obtained by maceration and UAE was 13.603% and 10.63%, respectively. The total phenolic content of the maceration and UAE extracts was 35.855 ± 3.08 mg GAE/g extract and 60.348 ± 6.177 mg GAE/g extract, respectively. The IC₅₀ values of antioxidant activity for the maceration and UAE extracts were 119.29 ± 11.384 mg/L and 82.117 ± 1.975 mg/L, respectively. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences in total phenolic content (p = 0.004) and antioxidant activity (p = 0.005) between the two extraction methods. These findings indicate that UAE is more effective than maceration in producing higher total phenolic content and stronger antioxidant activity in 70% ethanol extracts of green grass jelly leaves. Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan membandingkan kadar fenol total dan aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak etanol 70% daun cincau hijau hasil ekstraksi metode maserasi dan Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction (UAE), serta menentukan metode yang lebih efektif. Penelitian ini menunjukkan rendemen ekstrak maserasi sebesar 13,603% dan UAE sebesar 10,63%. Kadar fenol total ekstrak maserasi dan UAE berturut-turut adalah 35,855 ± 3,08 mg GAE/g ekstrak dan 60,348 ± 6,177 mg GAE/g ekstrak. Nilai IC₅₀ aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak maserasi sebesar 119,29 ± 11,384 mg/L, sedangkan ekstrak UAE sebesar 82,117 ± 1,975 mg/L. Analisis statistik menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan pada kadar fenol total (p = 0,004) dan aktivitas antioksidan (p = 0,005) antara kedua metode. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, metode UAE lebih efektif dibandingkan maserasi dalam menghasilkan kadar fenol total dan aktivitas antioksidan yang lebih tinggi pada ekstrak etanol 70% daun cincau hijau.
creator: Daya Fadillah
creator: Bertha Rusdi
creator: Farendina Suarantika
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-07-31
publication date: 2026-07-31
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.24579

Studi Literatur: Potensi Daun Binahong (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis) pada Penyembuhan Luka
type: item
description: Abstract. Wound healing is a complex biological process involving hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and tissue remodeling. Impairment of these processes may result from excessive oxidative stress, prolonged inflammation, and bacterial infection, leading to delayed tissue regeneration. The development of natural-based therapies has received increasing attention because plants contain bioactive compounds with various pharmacological activities. Binahong (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis) leaves have traditionally been used for wound treatment and contain secondary metabolites, including flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, steroids, triterpenoids, and saponins, which have been associated with antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and wound-healing activities. This study aims to review the potential of binahong leaves in wound healing based on scientific literature, particularly their pharmacological activities and development into topical formulations. A literature review was conducted by analyzing scientific articles obtained from relevant databases using predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The reviewed literature indicates that binahong leaves have potential to support wound healing through antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and tissue regeneration activities. Recent studies have also demonstrated that binahong leaf extract may stimulate fibroblast proliferation and potentially interact with matrix metalloproteinases involved in extracellular matrix remodeling. Furthermore, topical formulations such as gels and patches have demonstrated potential to accelerate wound healing. Based on the reviewed literature, binahong leaves have promising potential as a natural therapeutic agent to support wound healing and may be further developed in topical dosage forms. Abstrak. Penyembuhan luka merupakan proses biologis kompleks yang melibatkan fase hemostasis, inflamasi, proliferasi, dan remodeling jaringan. Gangguan pada proses tersebut dapat …
creator: Rifda Maulvi Haq
creator: Arlina Prima Putri
creator: Bambang Tri Laksono
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-07-31
publication date: 2026-07-31
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.24587

Uji Toksisitas Ekstrak Etanol Daun Petai Cina terhadap Embrio Ikan Zebra
type: item
description: Abstract. Leucaena (Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit) leaves are rich in secondary metabolites with the potential to be developed as traditional medicines. However, their safety must first be established through toxicity testing. This study was conducted to determine the median lethal concentration (LC₅₀) and evaluate the toxic effects of the ethanol extract of Leucaena leaves on zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos. The study was carried out in accordance with the Fish Embryo Toxicity (FET) guideline, with an observation period of 96 hours. A total of 120 zebrafish embryos were randomly assigned to six experimental groups, consisting of one control group and five treatment groups exposed to extract concentrations of 0.1, 1, 10, 100, and 1000 ppm. The primary endpoints observed were embryo mortality and developmental abnormalities throughout the testing period. Mortality data were subsequently analyzed using probit analysis to determine the LC₅₀ value. The results showed that the LC₅₀ of the ethanol extract of Leucaena leaves was 184.823 ppm, indicating that the extract is practically non-toxic. The only developmental abnormality observed during the study was embryo coagulation. In conclusion, the ethanol extract of Leucaena leaves exhibited a low degree of toxicity toward zebrafish embryos. Abstrak. Daun petai cina (Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit) kaya akan kandungan metabolit sekunder yang berpotensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai obat tradisional. Meski demikian, jaminan keamanannya harus tetap dipastikan terlebih dahulu melalui uji toksisitas. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengukur nilai LC50 sekaligus melihat efek toksik dari ekstrak etanol daun petai cina terhadap embrio ikan zebra (Danio rerio). Penelitian ini mengacu pada pedoman Fish Embryo Toxicity (FET) dengan waktu pengamatan selama 96 jam. Sebanyak 120 ekor embrio ikan zebra didistribusikan ke dalam 6 kelompok perlakuan, yang terdiri atas 1 kelompok kontrol serta 5 kelompok uji dengan seri konsentrasi 0…
creator: Nazwa Aqilah
creator: Siti Hazar
creator: Umi Yuniarni
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-07-31
publication date: 2026-07-31
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.24590

Uji Cemaran Mikroba pada Sediaan Toner Tanpa Izin Edar BPOM
type: item
description: Abstract. Toners are water-based cosmetic products that are highly susceptible to microbial contamination if manufacturing, storage, and distribution processes are not adequately controlled. This study aimed to analyze microbial contamination in facial toners without BPOM marketing authorization based on Total Plate Count (TPC) and Yeast and Mold Count (YMC). A descriptive experimental study was conducted using six samples consisting of five non-BPOM-registered toners and one BPOM-authorized toner as a comparator. Samples were selected purposively according to BPOM registration status, price, customer rating, packaging condition, and online marketplace availability. TPC was determined using Tryptic Soy Agar (TSA), whereas YMC was evaluated using Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA) by the pour plate method. The results showed that all samples had TPC and YMC values below the BPOM maximum microbial contamination limit of <10³ CFU/mL. Therefore, all toner samples complied with the microbiological quality requirements for cosmetic products based on TPC and YMC parameters. Further studies are recommended to identify preservative or solvent components that may influence the microbial contamination test results. Abstrak. Toner merupakan kosmetik berbasis air yang memiliki risiko tinggi mengalami cemaran mikroba apabila proses produksi, penyimpanan, dan distribusinya tidak memenuhi persyaratan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis cemaran mikroba pada sediaan toner tanpa izin edar BPOM berdasarkan parameter Angka Lempeng Total (ALT) dan Angka Kapang Khamir (AKK). Penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif eksperimental terhadap enam sampel yang terdiri atas lima toner tanpa izin edar BPOM dan satu toner berizin edar BPOM sebagai pembanding. Sampel dipilih secara purposive berdasarkan status registrasi BPOM, harga, rating pembelian, kondisi kemasan, dan sumber pembelian melalui toko daring. Pengujian ALT dilakukan menggunakan media Tryptic Soy Agar (TSA), sedangkan AKK menggunakan …
creator: Fatimah Ghaida Muthmainnah
creator: Farendina Suarantika
creator: Bertha Rusdi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-07-31
publication date: 2026-07-31
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.24609

Karakterisasi Fisik dan Identifikasi Senyawa pada Minyak Tamanu (Calophyllum inophyllum L.)
type: item
description: Abstract. Tamanu oil (Calophyllum inophyllum L.) is a widely used vegetable oil due to its content of various bioactive compounds; therefore, its physical characterization and the identification of its compounds are necessary to determine its quality and the profile of its constituent components. This study aims to characterize the physical properties and identify the compounds contained in tamanu oil. The study was conducted experimentally through organoleptic testing, specific gravity, and refractive index as physical characterization parameters, while compound identification was performed using Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The characterization results showed that tamanu oil is a viscous, greenish liquid with a distinctive odor, a specific gravity of 0.936 ± 0.0005 g/mL, and a refractive index of 1.476. GC-MS analysis identified four major compounds: palmitic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid, and stearic acid. The results of both physical characterization and compound identification indicate that the tamanu oil used in this study exhibits characteristics consistent with those of tamanu oil in general. This study is expected to provide baseline data on the physical characteristics and chemical profile of tamanu oil, which can serve as a reference for future research and the development of tamanu oil-based products. Abstrak. Minyak tamanu (Calophyllum inophyllum L.) merupakan salah satu minyak nabati yang banyak dimanfaatkan karena mengandung berbagai senyawa bioaktif, sehingga karakterisasi fisik dan identifikasi senyawanya perlu dilakukan untuk mengetahui kualitas serta profil komponen penyusunnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkarakterisasi sifat fisik dan mengidentifikasi senyawa yang terkandung dalam minyak tamanu. Penelitian dilakukan secara eksperimental melalui pengujian organoleptik, berat jenis, dan indeks bias sebagai parameter karakterisasi fisik, sedangkan identifikasi senyawa dilakukan menggunakan metode Gas Chromatography–Mass Spe…
creator: Dhevina Rizka Permana
creator: Hanifa Rahma
creator: Gita Cahya Eka Darma
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-07-31
publication date: 2026-07-31
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.24575

Karakterisasi Fisik dan Analisis Senyawa dalam Minyak Rosemari (Rosmarinus officinalis)
type: item
description: Abstract. Rosemary oil (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) is a volatile, lipophilic secondary metabolite that has been widely studied as a natural alternative for stimulating hair growth, mainly through its major constituent 1,8-cineole. Before being developed into a hair-growth preparation, the quality of the raw essential oil must first be verified to ensure compliance with pharmacopoeial standards. This study aimed to characterize rosemary oil obtained from PT. Eteris Nusantara through organoleptic testing, refractive index measurement, and chemical composition analysis using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The organoleptic test was carried out visually to observe color, odor, and clarity, while the refractive index was measured with a refractometer at 20°C. GC-MS analysis was performed at the Integrated Laboratory of Poltekkes Kemenkes Bandung and compared with the supplier's certificate of analysis (CoA). The results showed that the oil was a clear, colorless liquid with a characteristic camphor-like odor and a refractive index of 1.464, both complying with the European Pharmacopoeia (2019) requirements. GC-MS analysis identified 1,8-cineole (41.74%), camphor (14.28%), borneol (11.99%), α-pinene (6.59%), and camphene (0.83%) as the dominant compounds, generally consistent with the CoA, with minor deviations attributed to instrumental and storage factors. These research showed that the rosemary oil used met the required quality standards for further pharmaceutical formulation. Abstrak. Minyak rosemari (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) merupakan metabolit sekunder yang mudah menguap dan bersifat lipofilik, yang banyak dikaji sebagai alternatif alami untuk merangsang pertumbuhan rambut, terutama melalui kandungan utamanya yaitu 1,8-sineol. Sebelum dikembangkan menjadi sediaan penumbuh rambut, mutu minyak atsiri sebagai bahan baku perlu dipastikan dahulu agar memenuhi persyaratan farmakope. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkarakterisasi minyak rosemari yang dipe…
creator: Aenun Kamalia Putri
creator: Hanifa Rahma
creator: Purwaeni Purwaeni
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-07-31
publication date: 2026-07-31
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.24621

Pola Penggunaan Antitrombosis pada Pasien Kardiovaskular-GGK di RS. X Bandung 2025
type: item
description: Abstract. Cardiovascular disease is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in the world which is often accompanied by comorbidities of chronic kidney failure (CKD). Decreased kidney function can affect the selection of antithrombosis therapy, so an overview of its use patterns in patients with cardiovascular disease and GGK is needed. This study aims to determine the pattern of use of antithrombosis drugs in patients with cardiovascular disease with comorbid chronic kidney failure. This study is a descriptive observational study with retrospective data collection using patient medical records. Samples were taken using the total sampling method based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were analyzed descriptively to obtain an overview of the pattern of use of antithrombosis drugs. The results of the study in 96 patients showed that the most antithrombosis use was in the form of a combination of two aspirin + clopidogrel drugs (19%), followed by a combination of three aspirin + clopidogrel + heparin drugs (16%). The most monotherapy use was aspirin (5%), while the combination of four aspirin drugs + clopidogrel + fondaparinuks + heparin (5%), the combination of five aspirin drugs + klopidogrel + tikagrelor + heparin + warfarin (3%), and a combination of six aspirin + clopidogrel + enoksaparin + fondaparinuks + heparin + warfarin (1%). Abstrak. Penyakit kardiovaskular merupakan salah satu penyebab utama morbiditas dan mortalitas di dunia yang sering disertai komorbid gagal ginjal kronis (GGK). Penurunan fungsi ginjal dapat memengaruhi pemilihan terapi antitrombosis sehingga diperlukan gambaran mengenai pola penggunaannya pada pasien dengan penyakit kardiovaskular dan GGK. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola penggunaan obat antitrombosis pada pasien penyakit kardiovaskular dengan komorbid gagal ginjal kronis. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional deskriptif dengan pengambilan data secara retrospektif menggunakan rekam medis pasien…
creator: Dini Farizah
creator: Umi Yuniarni
creator: Bambang Tri Laksono
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-07-31
publication date: 2026-07-31
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.24627

Potensi Antibakteri Ekstrak Umbi Bawang Tiwai terhadap Cutibacterium acnes
type: item
description: Abstract. Cutibacterium acnes plays a key role in the pathogenesis of acne vulgaris. The increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistance associated with acne treatment has encouraged the development of natural antibacterial agents as safer alternatives. One promising medicinal plant is the bulb of Eleutherine bulbosa (Mill.) Urb. which contains various secondary metabolites with antibacterial properties. This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of the ethanolic extract of E. bulbosa bulbs against C. acnes. An experimental study was conducted, including sample preparation, simplicia preparation and characterization, phytochemical screening, extraction by maceration using 96% ethanol, thin-layer chromatography (TLC) analysis and antibacterial testing using the agar well diffusion method at extract concentrations of 10%, 15%, and 20%. Data were analyzed using a one-way ANOVA test. The ethanolic extract exhibited antibacterial activity against C. acnes, with mean inhibition zone diameters of 11.28 ± 0.45 mm, 12.79 ± 0.56 mm, and 13.41 ± 0.20 mm at concentrations of 10%, 15%, and 20%, respectively. Statistical analysis showed significant differences among the treatment groups (p < 0.05), with the 20% extract demonstrating the strongest antibacterial activity. These findings suggest that the ethanolic extract of E. bulbosa bulbs has potential as a natural antibacterial agent for acne therapy. Abstrak. Cutibacterium acnes merupakan bakteri yang berperan penting dalam patogenesis jerawat (acne vulgaris). Meningkatnya kejadian resistensi akibat penggunaan antibiotik dalam terapi jerawat mendorong pengembangan antibakteri alami sebagai alternatif yang lebih aman. Salah satu tanaman yang berpotensi dikembangkan adalah umbi bawang tiwai (Eleutherine bulbosa (Mill.) Urb.) yang diketahui mengandung berbagai metabolit sekunder dengan aktivitas antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi antibakteri ekstrak etanol umbi bawang tiwai terhadap Cutibact…
creator: Nazwa Nazhira Maharani
creator: Purwaeni Purwaeni
creator: Dadang Juanda
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-01
publication date: 2026-08-01
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.24635

Formulasi dan Evaluasi Film Forming Solution Melatonin untuk Terapi Insomnia
type: item
description: Abstract. This study aimed to formulate and evaluate a melatonin-loaded film-forming solution (FFS) as a transdermal drug delivery system and to determine its permeation profile and sedative effect through a clinical study. The formulations were prepared using different concentrations of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) as the plasticizer. The prepared formulations were evaluated for organoleptic characteristics, pH, viscosity, drying time, tackiness, and stability. Permeation studies were carried out using a Franz diffusion cell with shed snake skin as the diffusion membrane. The sedative effect was evaluated in human subjects using a pre-test–post-test design based on the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). All formulations met the required physical quality criteria, and Formula F1 was selected as the optimal formulation because it exhibited the most suitable viscosity and drying time. The permeation study indicated that melatonin showed low permeation across the membrane, while the clinical study demonstrated no statistically significant difference between the melatonin-treated group and the placebo group. Therefore, the melatonin-loaded film-forming solution has not yet shown sufficient potential as a non-invasive transdermal therapy for improving sleep quality. Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan dan mengevaluasi sediaan Film Forming Solution (FFS) yang mengandung melatonin sebagai sistem penghantaran transdermal serta menguji kemampuan permeasi dan aktivitas sedatifnya menggunakan uji klinis. Sediaan diformulasikan dengan variasi konsentrasi polimer PVA dan plastisizer polietilen glikol, kemudian dievaluasi meliputi uji organoleptik, pH, viskositas, waktu pengeringan, kelengketan, dan stabilitas. Uji permeasi dilakukan menggunakan sel difusi Franz dengan membran kulit ular lepas, sedangkan uji aktivitas sedatif dilakukan pada subjek dengan metode pre-test dan post-test menggunakan Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). Hasil penelitia…
creator: Alya Reiva Ramadhani Saybia
creator: Purwaeni Purwaeni
creator: Ratih Aryani
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-01
publication date: 2026-08-01
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.24641

Formulasi Sediaan Patch Mengandung Ekstrak Etanol Daun Sembung (Blumea balsamifera L.)
type: item
description: Abstract. A laceration is skin damage caused by sharp-object trauma and may lead to bleeding and infection. Sembung leaves (Blumea balsamifera L.) contain flavonoids with potential wound-healing activity. This study aimed to determine the optimal formulation of a patch containing ethanol extract of Sembung leaves and to evaluate its in vivo wound-healing efficacy. Patch optimization was performed using a trial-and-error method by varying HPMC and PVP concentrations. Formula 3, containing 2.25% HPMC and 0.75% PVP, was selected as the optimal base. The patch was round, blackish-green, homogeneous, had a characteristic extract aroma, moisture content of the patch (7.26% ± 0.2), weight uniformity (0.02 g ± 0.00), thickness (0.3 mm ± 0), fold resistance >200 times, and pH (6.37 ± 0.01). Furthermore, the results of the 5% patch formula (F3C) showed the best efficacy in wound healing on the. Abstrak. Luka sayat merupakan kondisi terjadinya kerusakan pada jaringan kulit yang disebabkan oleh trauma benda tajam seperti pisau ataupun benda tajam lainnya, sehingga berisiko mengalami perdarahan dan infeksi. Daun sembung (Blume balsamifera L.) mengandung berbagai senyawa kimia aktif, salah satunya yaitu flavonoid yang memiliki potensi untuk mempercepat waktu penyembuhan luka sayat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan formulasi terbaik sediaan patch yang mengandung ekstrak etanol daun sembung yang diperoleh dari hasil evaluasi dan hasil efektivitas penutupan luka secara in vivo. Optimasi formula sediaan patch dibuat berdasarkan variasi konsentrasi HPMC dan PVP sebagai polimer. Formula optimal sediaan patch didapatkan pada formula 3 dengan kombinasi HPMC 2,25% dan PVP 0,75% menghasilkan patch yang memenuhi persyaratan evaluasi yaitu berbentuk lembaran persegi panjang, berwarna hijau kehitaman, beraroma khas ekstrak, homogen, kadar air patch (7,26% ± 0,2), keseragaman bobot (0,02 g ± 0,00), ketebalan (0,3 mm ± 0), ketahanan lipatan >200 kali dan pH (6,37 ± 0,01). Kemudian…
creator: Tifana Indrafaina Al'munaf
creator: Ratih Aryani
creator: Umi Yuniarni
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-01
publication date: 2026-08-01
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.24679

Kajian Strategi Formulasi SNEDDS dan SMEED Ekstrak Jahe dan Senyawa Bioaktifnya
type: item
description: Abstract. Ginger (Zingiber officinale) extract and its bioactive compounds, such as 6-gingerol and 6-shogaol, have various pharmacological activities. However, their oral use is still hampered by low bioavailability. This study aims to analyze the formulation strategies of self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS) and self-microemulsifying drug delivery systems (SMEDDS) to increase the bioavailability of ginger extract and its bioactive compounds. The study was conducted using a systematic literature review (SLR) method with secondary data sources obtained from PubMed, Scopus, Taylor & Francis, and Google Scholar for articles published in 2016-2026 according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were analyzed descriptively through the extraction of formulation components, preparation characteristics, and pharmacokinetic profiles. The study results showed that formulations based on long- and medium-chain triglyceride oil, nonionic surfactants (Tween 80 and Cremophor), and PEG 400 or propanediol cosurfactants were able to produce droplet sizes of 13.10–73.06 nm with a polydispersity index value of less than 0.5. The SMEDDS formulation was proven to increase pharmacokinetic parameters, one of which was the area under the curve (AUC) by approximately 5.7 – 6,6 times compared to the compound without formulation, indicating increased bioavailability of the compound. Thus, the delivery of SNEDDS and SMEDDS is an effective formulation strategy to increase the bioavailability of ginger extract and its bioactive compounds. Abstrak. Ekstrak jahe (Zingiber officinale) dan senyaa bioaktifnya seperti 6-gingerol dan 6-shogaol memiliki berbagai aktivitas farmakologi. Namun, pemanfaatannya secara oral masih terkendala oleh bioavailabilitas yang rendah. Kajian ini bertujuan menganalisis strategi formulasi self nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) dan self microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) dalam meningkatkan bioavailabilitas ekstrak jahe dan senyawa…
creator: Tri Awalani sapa'ati Gusti
creator: Ratih Aryani
creator: Sani Ega Priani
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-01
publication date: 2026-08-01
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.24718

Formulasi Gel Patch Bawang Putih Hitam (Allium sativum L)
type: item
description: Abstract. Black garlic (Allium sativum L.) is a fermented garlic product with more stable bioactive compounds and promising potential as an active ingredient in topical dosage forms. This study aimed to obtain the optimum formulation of a black garlic gel patch by optimizing the combination of Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC K100) and Carbopol 904 using the Design of Experiment (DoE) approach. An experimental study employing a factorial design was conducted using RStudio, with HPMC K100 (2–6%) and Carbopol 904 (0.5–2%) as formulation factors, while thickness, homogenity, and swelling index were selected as optimization responses. The optimum formulation was further evaluated for organoleptic properties, thickness, weight, homogeneity, folding endurance, elongation at break, tensile strength, pH, swelling index, and physical stability. The results demonstrated that the combination of HPMC K100 and Carbopol 904 significantly affected all optimization responses (p<0.05). The optimum formulation consisted of 2% HPMC K100 and 0.5% Carbopol 904 with a desirability value of 0.389. The optimized gel patch exhibited a thickness of 0.6 mm, pH of 5.18, swelling index of 135.53%, elongation at break of 97.5%, tensile strength of 0.48 N/mm², and remained physically stable after six heating–cooling cycles. The optimum formulation fulfilled the required physical characteristics of a gel patch. Abstrak. Bawang putih hitam (Allium sativum L.) merupakan hasil fermentasi bawang putih yang memiliki kandungan senyawa bioaktif lebih stabil serta berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai bahan aktif sediaan topikal. Penelitian ini bertujuan memperoleh formula optimum gel patch bawang putih hitam melalui optimasi kombinasi Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC K100) dan Carbopol 904 menggunakan metode Design of Experiment (DoE). Penelitian eksperimental dilakukan dengan desain faktorial menggunakan RStudio, dengan HPMC K100 (2–6%) dan Carbopol 904 (0,5–2%) sebagai faktor, sedangkan respon optimasi…
creator: Rani Ratnasari
creator: Gita Cahya Eka Darma
creator: Bambang Tri Laksono
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-01
publication date: 2026-08-01
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.24720

Karakterisasi Kandungan Senyawa Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) serta Asam Hialuronat
type: item
description: Abstract. Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) is a microalga rich in bioactive compounds, including proteins, phycocyanin, polysaccharides, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, vitamins, and minerals that contribute to wound healing. Hyaluronic acid is a major component of the extracellular matrix that plays an essential role in maintaining wound hydration, promoting cell migration and proliferation, stimulating angiogenesis, and enhancing collagen synthesis. This review aims to summarize the characterization of Spirulina, its bioactive constituents, and the potential of combining Spirulina with hyaluronic acid to accelerate wound healing based on published studies. The characterization of Spirulina includes its morphological features, and bioactive compound profile associated with its biological activities. Previous studies have demonstrated that Spirulina enhances fibroblast proliferation, collagen production, and tissue regeneration, whereas hyaluronic acid supports all phases of wound healing by maintaining a moist wound environment and promoting re-epithelialization. At appropriate concentrations, both materials have shown favorable efficacy without significant toxic or genotoxic effects. Therefore, Spirulina and hyaluronic acid represent promising natural active ingredients for the development of safe and effective wound-healing formulations. Abstrak. Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) merupakan mikroalga yang kaya akan senyawa bioaktif, seperti protein, fikosianin, polisakarida, senyawa fenolik, flavonoid, vitamin, dan mineral yang berpotensi mendukung proses penyembuhan luka. Selain itu, asam hialuronat merupakan komponen utama matriks ekstraseluler yang berperan penting dalam mempertahankan kelembapan luka, merangsang migrasi dan proliferasi sel, angiogenesis, serta pembentukan kolagen. Artikel ini bertujuan mengulas karakterisasi Spirulina, kandungan senyawa bioaktifnya, serta potensi kombinasi Spirulinadan asam hialuronat dalam mempercepat penyembuhan luka berdas…
creator: Faisal Syahrul Abidin
creator: Hanifa Rahma
creator: Bambang Tri Laksono
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-01
publication date: 2026-08-01
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.24727

Efektivitas Antibiotik Pasien Rawat Inap Pneumonia Komunitas di RSUD Welas Asih
type: item
description: Abstract. Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) remains a global health challenge due to its high mortality rate, making appropriate antibiotic selection essential to prevent treatment failure and the threat of resistance. This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of various antibiotic regimens on clinical outcomes, including leukocyte count, body temperature, and respiratory rate. This analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design involved 123 inpatients at RSUD Welas Asih during the 2025 period, selected using a total sampling technique. Secondary data were obtained from medical records and analyzed both descriptively and statistically using the Wilcoxon test. The results showed that the majority of subjects were male (50.4%) and elderly (44.7%), with levofloxacin monotherapy (55%) and ceftriaxone (16%) being the predominant regimens used. Statistically, both antibiotics significantly reduced leukocyte levels (p<0.05), although temperature and respiratory rate parameters did not show similar significance, yet still achieved clinical stability by the third day. In conclusion, levofloxacin and ceftriaxone were the statistically most effective regimens, with further research using a larger sample size recommended. Abstrak. Pneumonia komunitas (community-acquired pneumonia) menjadi tantangan kesehatan global karena angka mortalitas yang tinggi, sehingga pemilihan antibiotik yang tepat sangat penting untuk mencegah kegagalan terapi dan ancaman resistensi. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis efektivitas berbagai regimen antibiotik terhadap outcome klinis yang meliputi kadar leukosit, suhu tubuh, dan laju pernapasan. Studi observasional analitik dengan desain cross-sectional ini melibatkan 123 pasien rawat inap di RSUD Welas Asih periode 2025 yang diambil menggunakan teknik total sampling. Data sekunder diperoleh dari rekam medis dan diolah secara deskriptif serta statistik menggunakan uji Wilcoxon. Hasil menunjukkan mayoritas subjek adalah laki-laki (5…
creator: Khalida Fitrah Qolbina
creator: Umi Yuniarni
creator: Suwendar Suwendar
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-01
publication date: 2026-08-01
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.24735

Evaluasi Penggunaan Antibiotik Pneumonia Pediatri di RSUD Bandung Kiwari Metode Gyssens
type: item
description: Abstract. Community-Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) is one of the main causes of hospitalization in pediatric patients. Inappropriate use of antibiotics can reduce the effectiveness of treatment, prolong hospitalization, increase health care costs, and potentially lead to antibiotic resistance. The purpose of this study was to determine antibiotic use and determine the percentage of rational and irrational antibiotic use using the Gyssens method in hospitalized pediatric patients with community acquired pneumonia at Bandung Kiwari Regional Hospital. This study was conducted as a retrospective analytical observational study using total sampling based on medical record data. Based on the research conducted, in hospitalized pediatric patients with community-acquired pneumonia at Bandung Kiwari Regional Hospital in the period 2023-2025, it showed that antibiotic use included; Cefotaxime (18,92%), ceftriaxone (18,92%), ceftriaxone + azithromycin (21,62%), cefotaxime + cloxacillin (5.41%), ampicillin (5.41%), ceftriaxone + cloxacillin (10,81%), azithromycin (2,70%), levofloxacin (2,70%), where according to the evaluation results of antibiotic use as empirical therapy according to the Gyssens method, the rational use of antibiotics (category 0) was 80.65% and the irrational use of antibiotics included in category IV C (there are cheaper antibiotic alternatives) was 19.35%. Meanwhile, the evaluation results of antibiotics as definitive therapy according to the Gyssens method obtained rational antibiotics (category 0) as much as 66.67% and irrational antibiotics included in category IV C (there are cheaper antibiotic alternatives) as much as 33.33%. Abstrak. Pneumonia komunitas (Community Acquired Pneumonia/CAP) adalah salah satu penyebab utama pasien pediatri dirawat di rumah sakit. Penggunaan antibiotik yang tidak tepat dapat mengurangi efektivitas pengobatan, memperpanjang masa rawat inap, meningkatkan biaya perawatan kesehatan, dan berpotensi menyebabkan resistensi antibiotik. …
creator: Anggietha Zahra Khairunnisa
creator: Fetri Lestari
creator: Umi Yuniarni
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-01
publication date: 2026-08-01
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.24742

Studi Literatur Perbandingan Metode Isolasi Peroksidase Tanaman untuk Biosensor Kanker Paru
type: item
description: Abstract. Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, emphasizing the need for sensitive and accurate early detection methods. Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) is widely used for detecting lung cancer biomarkers by employing horseradish peroxidase (HRP) as an enzyme label. However, the availability of HRP depends on Armoracia rusticana, a plant cultivated mainly in subtropical regions, encouraging the search for alternative plant-derived peroxidases. This study aimed to compare isolation and purification methods of plant peroxidases based on enzyme activity recovery, specific activity, and purification fold to evaluate their potential as alternative HRP for biosensor applications in early lung cancer detection. A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines using PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Springer Nature Link databases. Ten articles met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed. The results showed that the Three-Phase Partitioning (TPP) method achieved the highest enzyme activity recovery (159%), while sequential ion-exchange and gel filtration chromatography produced the highest purification fold (230-fold). The highest specific activity (13,136 U/mg) was reported for ginger (Zingiber officinale) peroxidase. These findings indicate that TPP is the most effective method for preserving enzyme activity, whereas sequential chromatography produces highly purified peroxidase with strong potential as an alternative HRP for ELISA-based biosensors. Abstrak. Kanker paru merupakan penyebab kematian akibat kanker tertinggi di dunia sehingga diperlukan metode deteksi dini yang sensitif. Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) merupakan salah satu metode yang banyak digunakan dalam deteksi biomarker kanker paru dengan memanfaatkan horseradish peroxidase (HRP) sebagai enzim penanda. Namun, ketersediaan HRP masih bergantung pada tanaman horseradish (Armoracia rusticana) yang dibudidayakan di wilayah subtrop…
creator: Adi Ahmad Mulyana
creator: Dina Mulyanti
creator: Dadang Juanda
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-01
publication date: 2026-08-01
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.24756

Aktivitas Antijamur Ekstrak Daun Murbei terhadap Malassezia Furfur dan Trichophyton mentagrophytes
type: item
description: Abstract. Fungal infections caused by Malassezia furfur and Trichophyton mentagrophytes remain a health issue requiring effective treatment. Mulberry leaves (Morus alba L.) are a potential source of antifungal agents, as they contain secondary metabolites capable of inhibiting fungal growth. This study aimed to evaluate the antifungal activity of the ethanolic extract of mulberry leaves against Malassezia furfur and Trichophyton mentagrophytes and to perform a preliminary characterization of the mulberry leaf simplicia to ensure material quality. The study employed the well-diffusion method using mulberry leaf ethanolic extract concentrations of 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, and 30%. Ketoconazole served as the positive control, while DMSO was used as the negative control. Results for Malassezia furfur showed inhibition zone diameters of 6.33 mm, 8.26 mm, 12.82 mm, 13.66 mm, 15.48 mm, and 16.15 mm at concentrations of 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, and 30%, respectively. For Trichophyton mentagrophytes, the inhibition zone diameters observed at the same concentrations were 5.20 mm, 5.70 mm, 6.66 mm, 7.80 mm, 10.25 mm, and 10.65 mm. Abstrak. Infeksi jamur yang disebabkan oleh jamur Malassezia furfur dan Trichophyton mentagrophytes masih menjadi permasalahan pada kesehatan yang membutuhkan penanganan efektif. alternatif antijamur yang dapat dikembangkan, salah satunya daun murbei (Morus alba L.) mengandung senyawa metabolit sekunder yang memiliki potensi menghambat pertumbuhan jamur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antijamur ekstrak etanol daun murbei terhadap Malassezia furfur dan Trichophyton mentagrophytes serta menetapkan karakterisasi pendahuluan simplisia dari daun murbei untuk menjamin kualitas bahan yang baik dalam penelitian. Penelitian ini dengan metode difusi sumuran dengan variasi konsentrasi ekstrak etanol daun murbei 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%. Pembanding yang digunakan adalah ketokonazol dan kontrol negatif DMSO. Hasil menunjukkan pada metode dif…
creator: Ajeng Karin Khairani
creator: Siti Hazar
creator: Lanny Mulqie
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-01
publication date: 2026-08-01
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.24766

Evaluasi Efektivitas Eritropoietin terhadap Respons Hematologi Pasien Gagal Ginjal Kronis
type: item
description: Abstract. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is commonly associated with anemia due to decreased erythropoietin production by the kidneys, resulting in impaired erythropoiesis and reduced hemoglobin, hematocrit, and erythrocyte levels. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of erythropoietin-containing combination therapy based on changes in hemoglobin, hematocrit, and erythrocyte levels in CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis at Bandung Kiwari Regional Hospital. A descriptive observational study with a retrospective approach was conducted using medical records of 53 patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were analyzed descriptively, while statistical analyses were performed using the Shapiro–Wilk normality test followed by the Wilcoxon test. The results showed that 62% of patients achieved the target hemoglobin response of 0.5–1.5 g/dL. The combination of epoetin alfa and folic acid, as well as epoetin alfa, folic acid, and vitamin B12, significantly increased hemoglobin, hematocrit, and erythrocyte levels (p<0.05). In conclusion, erythropoietin-containing combination therapy was effective in improving hemoglobin, hematocrit, and erythrocyte levels in CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis. Abstrak. Gagal ginjal kronis (GGK) sering disertai anemia akibat penurunan produksi eritropoietin oleh ginjal yang mengganggu proses eritropoiesis sehingga menyebabkan penurunan kadar hemoglobin, hematokrit, dan eritrosit. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi efektivitas terapi kombinasi yang mengandung eritropoietin berdasarkan perubahan kadar hemoglobin, hematokrit, dan eritrosit pada pasien gagal ginjal kronis yang menjalani hemodialisis di RSUD Bandung Kiwari periode Januari–Desember 2025. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional deskriptif dengan pendekatan retrospektif menggunakan data rekam medis 53 pasien yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif, sedangkan analisis statistik dilakukan menggunakan uji no…
creator: Agnia Aulia Syifa
creator: Suwendar Suwendar
creator: Andrian Hoerul Anwar
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-01
publication date: 2026-08-01
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.24771

Studi Literatur: Sistem In Situ Gel dalam Pengembangan Sediaan Farmasi
type: item
description: Abstract. In situ gel is a drug delivery system that undergoes a sol–gel transition in response to physiological stimuli, providing prolonged drug residence time and controlled drug release compared with conventional dosage forms. This study aimed to review the development of in situ gel systems in pharmaceutical formulations based on gelation mechanisms, polymers used, formulation characteristics, and their potential applications. A narrative review was conducted by analyzing selected original research articles. The review identified three major gelation mechanisms, namely thermosensitive, pH-triggered, and ion-activated systems. Thermosensitive systems generally employ a combination of Poloxamer 407 and Poloxamer 188, pH-triggered systems utilize Carbopol combined with HPMC, while ion-activated systems use deacetylated gellan gum as the primary gelling polymer. Despite differences in gelation mechanisms, all systems demonstrated favorable formulation characteristics, including rapid gel formation under physiological conditions, prolonged drug retention, and sustained drug release. Although the reviewed studies mainly focused on ophthalmic drug delivery, in situ gel systems show promising potential for broader pharmaceutical applications. Abstrak. In situ gel merupakan sistem penghantaran obat yang mengalami transisi dari bentuk cair menjadi gel sebagai respons terhadap kondisi fisiologis sehingga mampu meningkatkan waktu retensi obat dan mengontrol pelepasan obat dibandingkan sediaan konvensional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji perkembangan sistem in situ gel dalam pengembangan sediaan farmasi berdasarkan mekanisme pembentukan gel, jenis polimer, karakteristik formulasi, dan potensi aplikasinya. Kajian dilakukan menggunakan pendekatan narrative review terhadap artikel penelitian yang relevan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan tiga mekanisme utama pembentukan in situ gel, yaitu thermosensitive, pH-triggered, dan ion-triggered. Sistem thermosensitivemenggunakan komb…
creator: Dewi Nanda Aulia
creator: Sani Ega Priani
creator: Siti Hazar
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-01
publication date: 2026-08-01
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.24792

Pola Penggunaan Obat pada Lansia Gagal Jantung Kongesti di RS X Bandung
type: item
description: Abstract. Heart failure is a cardiovascular disease commonly occurring in older adults and is often accompanied by comorbidities, making treatment more complex. This study aimed to determine the drug utilization patterns, rationality of drug use, and treatment patterns among patients with heart failure and comorbid hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus at hospital X Bandung from January to December 2025. This study employed a descriptive observational design with a retrospective approach. Sampling was conducted using non-probability sampling with a total sampling method, resulting in 120 patients who met the inclusion criteria. The results showed that most patients were aged 55–65 years (53%) and were male (58%). The most common comorbidities were hypertension (33%) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (8%). Bisoprolol was the most frequently used drug, followed by furosemide, aspirin, atorvastatin, spironolactone, and sacubitril/valsartan. Most patients received combination therapy, with a five-drug combination being the most frequently used regimen. Abstrak. Gagal jantung merupakan salah satu penyakit kardiovaskular yang banyak terjadi pada lansia dan sering disertai komorbid sehingga terapi menjadi lebih kompleks. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pola penggunaan obat, rasionalitas penggunaan obat, serta pola terapi pada pasien gagal jantung dengan komorbid hipertensi dan diabetes melitus tipe 2 di RS X Bandung periode Januari–Desember 2025. Penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif observasional dengan pendekatan retrospektif. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik non-probability sampling menggunakan metode total sampling, sehingga diperoleh 120 pasien yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pasien terbanyak berusia 55–65 tahun (53%) dan berjenis kelamin laki-laki (58%). Komorbid terbanyak adalah hipertensi (33%) dan diabetes melitus tipe 2 (8%). Bisoprolol merupakan obat yang paling banyak digunakan, diikuti furosemid, aspirin, atorvastat…
creator: Zahra Aurelia Chendra
creator: Suwendar Suwendar
creator: Umi Yuniarni
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-01
publication date: 2026-08-01
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.24791

Formulasi Masker Hidrogel Mengandung Ekstrak Etanol Daun Sembung (Blumea balsamifera L.)
type: item
description: Abstract. Premature aging is a skin disorder driven by elevated oxidative stress resulting from excessive free-radical exposure, particularly ultraviolet radiation, which progressively damages collagen structures and diminishes skin elasticity. Sembung leaf (Blumea balsamifera L.) has been reported to contain flavonoid compounds with notable antioxidant activity, making it a promising candidate as an active ingredient in topical cosmetic preparations. This study aimed to determine the optimum hydrogel mask formula containing ethanol extract of sembung leaf based on physical quality evaluation, and to assess its antioxidant activity through IC50 determination. Sembung leaf crude extract was obtained through a maceration process using 70% ethanol, resulting in an extraction rate of 17.708%. The hydrogel mask base was optimized by varying the concentrations of sodium alginate and xanthan gum across nine formulations, which were then evaluated. Formula 4 (3% sodium alginate, 0.5% xanthan gum) was identified as the optimum formulation. The hydrogel mask containing 5% sembung leaf ethanol extract yielded satisfactory results across all parameters: round shape, green color, characteristic odor, uniform homogeneity, pH 6.13-6.71, and an elasticity value of 39.36%. Antioxidant activity assessed by the DPPH method revealed an IC50 value of 331.558 ± 4.178 ppm, classified as very weak antioxidant activity. Abstrak.Penuaan dini merupakan permasalahan kulit yang dipicu oleh peningkatan stres oksidatif akibat paparan radikal bebas, khususnya sinar ultraviolet, yang dapat merusak struktur kolagen dan menurunkan elastisitas kulit. Daun sembung (Blumea balsamifera L.) diketahui mengandung senyawa flavonoid dengan aktivitas antioksidan yang berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai bahan aktif dalam sediaan kosmetik topikal. Penelitian ini bertujuan memperoleh formula optimum masker hidrogel yang mengandung ekstrak etanol daun sembung berdasarkan hasil evaluasi dan mengetahui aktivitas antioks…
creator: Netha Kusuma Dewi
creator: Ratih Aryani
creator: Hanifa Rahma
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-01
publication date: 2026-08-01
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.24798

Pola Peresepan Obat Pasien Gagal Jantung Kongestif RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung
type: item
description: Abstract. Heart failure is a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality, presenting a significant burden on healthcare systems. The complexity of pharmacological therapy for chronic heart failure requires systematic evaluation to ensure clinical effectiveness and medication adherence. This study aims to evaluate the prescribing patterns of primary and adjunctive drugs based on demographic characteristics in congestive heart failure patients at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung in the 2025 period. This research is a descriptive observational study with a retrospective cross-sectional design. Samples were obtained through a total sampling technique from the medical records of outpatient cases (ICD-10: 150.0) for the January-December 2025 period. Out of 258 samples, patients were predominantly male (60.85%) and aged 45-64 years (55.04%). The primary heart failure drug prescribing pattern was dominated by diuretics (36.83%) and beta-blockers (25.93%), with the main active ingredients being spironolactone, furosemide, and bisoprolol. Meanwhile, the adjunctive drug prescribing pattern was mostly dominated by antiplatelets (30.84%), statin antidyslipidemics (27.44%), and PPI gastroprotectors (14.12%). Abstrak. Gagal jantung merupakan salah satu penyebab utama morbiditas dan mortalitas global yang memberikan beban signifikan pada sistem pelayanan kesehatan. Kompleksitas terapi farmakologis untuk gagal jantung kronis memerlukan evaluasi sistematis untuk memastikan efektivitas klinis dan kepatuhan pengobatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi pola peresepan obat utama dan obat penunjang berdasarkan karakteristik demografi pada pasien gagal jantung kongestif di RSUP dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung periode 2025. Penelitian ini merupakan studi observasional deskriptif dengan desain cross-sectional retrospektif. Sampel diambil melalui teknik total sampling dari rekam medis pasien rawat jalan (ICD-10: 150.0) periode Januari hingga Desember 2025. Dari 258 sampel, pasien…
creator: Muhammad Ilham Al Ghifari
creator: Bambang Tri Laksono
creator: Andrian Hoerul Anwar
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-01
publication date: 2026-08-01
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.24807

Pengaruh Terapi Dapagliflozin terhadap Rehospitalisasi Pasien Gagal Jantung di RSUD Welas Asih
type: item
description: Abstract. Heart failure is a chronic clinical syndrome with a high rehospitalization rate and contributes significantly to increased morbidity and mortality. Dapagliflozin is recommended as one of the therapeutic options for heart failure because it has been shown to improve clinical outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate rehospitalization rates associated with dapagliflozin-containing therapy regimens and to assess physical and laboratory parameters in patients with heart failure at RSUD Welas Asih, West Java Province, during the 2024–2025 period. This retrospective observational study used medical record data from patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The evaluated parameters included Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF), blood pressure, heart rate, peripheral edema, troponin, and hemoglobin. Of the 144 patients, 35 experienced rehospitalization, whereas 109 did not. The results showed that dapagliflozin-containing therapy regimens were associated with lower rehospitalization rates. Therefore, dapagliflozin-containing therapy has the potential to improve clinical outcomes and reduce the risk of rehospitalization in patients with heart failure. Abstrak. Gagal jantung merupakan sindrom klinis kronis dengan angka rehospitalisasi yang tinggi serta berkontribusi terhadap peningkatan morbiditas dan mortalitas. Dapagliflozin direkomendasikan sebagai salah satu terapi gagal jantung karena dapat memperbaiki luaran klinis pasien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan angka rehospitalisasi berdasarkan regimen terapi yang mengandung dapagliflozin serta mengevaluasi parameter fisik dan laboratorium pada pasien gagal jantung di RSUD Welas Asih Provinsi Jawa Barat periode 2024–2025. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain observasional retrospektif dengan data rekam medis pasien yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Parameter yang dievaluasi meliputi Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF), tekanan darah, nadi, edema perifer, troponin, dan …
creator: Rani Rani
creator: Fetri Lestari
creator: Suwendar Suwendar
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-01
publication date: 2026-08-01
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.24811

Uji Toksisitas Akut Ekstrak Etanol Biji Ketumbar terhadap Embrio Ikan Zebra
type: item
description: Abstract. Coriandrum sativum L. (coriander) seeds are widely recognized as a medicinal herb with various pharmacological activities and considerable potential for pharmaceutical development. However, information regarding their safety, particularly their effects on embryonic development, remains limited, necessitating an acute toxicity evaluation. This study aimed to assess the acute toxicity of the ethanolic extract of Coriandrum sativum L. seeds on zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos and to determine the median lethal concentration (LC₅₀) as an indicator of toxicity. The study employed a true experimental design using the Fish Embryo Toxicity Test (FET) in accordance with the OECD Guideline 236. Zebrafish embryos were exposed to extract concentrations of 0.1, 1, 10, 100, and 1000 µg/mL for 96 hours. Embryo mortality and developmental abnormalities were analyzed using probit regression to determine the LC₅₀ value. The results demonstrated that the ethanolic extract induced embryonic abnormalities, including coagulation, delayed hatching, absence of somite formation, and lack of heartbeat. The LC₅₀ value was 18.7393 µg/mL, indicating that the extract is classified as slightly toxic. These findings suggest that the ethanolic extract of Coriandrum sativum L. seeds exhibits acute toxicity toward zebrafish embryos; therefore, its safety should be carefully considered before further development as a medicinal agent. Abstrak. Biji ketumbar (Coriandrum sativum L.) merupakan tanaman herbal yang memiliki berbagai aktivitas farmakologis dan berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai bahan obat. Namun, informasi mengenai keamanan penggunaannya, khususnya terhadap perkembangan embrio, masih terbatas sehingga diperlukan uji toksisitas akut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi toksisitas akut ekstrak etanol biji ketumbar (Coriandrum sativum L.) terhadap embrio ikan zebra (Danio rerio) serta menentukan nilai LC₅₀ sebagai indikator tingkat toksisitas. Penelitian menggunakan metode eksperi…
creator: Amalia Arofah
creator: Siti Hazar
creator: Bambang Tri Laksono
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-01
publication date: 2026-08-01
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.24829

Sintesis Senyawa Tripeptida Valin-Asparagin-Prolin sebagai Kandidat Antioksidan dengan Menggunakan Metode SPPS
type: item
description: Abstract. Peptides are bioactive molecules composed of two to approximately twenty amino acid residues linked by peptide bonds. Bioactive peptides offer numerous benefits, one of which is their antioxidant activity. The combination of hydrophobic and polar amino acids, such as valine, asparagine, and proline in the Val–Asn–Pro tripeptide, is known to provide a balance between solubility and optimal free radical scavenging ability. Peptide synthesis can be performed using the SPPS (Solid-Phase Peptide Synthesis) method, which produces peptides efficiently and rapidly; therefore, the objective of this study is to compare the antioxidant activity of the SPPS-synthesized Val-Asn-Pro tripeptide with that of a natural tripeptide derived from grain fermentation. The testing method involved synthesizing the tripeptide and then characterizing the synthesis product using MS and KCKT, which yielded an m/z value of 329 and a retention time of 20.078 minutes as the highest peak. Following characterization, antioxidant testing was performed using the DPPH method, yielding an IC50 value of 338 µg/ml, indicating that the antioxidant activity of the Val–Asn–Pro tripeptide is very weak, but better than that of the Val–Asn–Pro tripeptide derived from grain fermentation Abstrak. Peptida merupakan molekul bioaktif yang tersusun dari dua hingga sekitar dua puluh residu asam amino yang dihubungkan melalui ikatan peptida. Peptida bioaktif memiliki banyak manfaat salah satunya sebagai antioksidan. Kombinasi asam amino hidrofobik dan polar, seperti valin, asparagin, dan prolin dalam tripeptida Val–Asn–Pro, diketahui memberikan keseimbangan antara kelarutan dan kemampuan penangkapan radikal bebas yang optimal. Sintesis peptida dilakukan melalui metode SPPS (Solid Phase Peptide Synthesis) yang menghasilkan peptida secara efisien dan cepat sehingga tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah membandingkan aktivitas antioksidan hasil sintesis tripeptida metode SPPS Val-Asn-Pro dengan tripeptida alami hasi…
creator: Sabila Yufita Maharami
creator: Nety Kurniaty
creator: Farendina Suarantika
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-01
publication date: 2026-08-01
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.24828

Skrining Fitokimia, Karakterisasi Simplisia dan Analisis Profil KLT dari Ekstrak (Kappaphycopsis cottonii)
type: item
description: Abstract. Red algae (Kappaphycopsis cottonii) is a natural resource containing secondary metabolites with potential bioactive properties. Identification of metabolites, crude drug characterization, and thin-layer chromatography (TLC) profiling are preliminary steps to ensure raw material quality. This study aimed to determine the secondary metabolite content, crude drug characteristics, and TLC profile of Kappaphycopsis cottonii. Phytochemical screening was performed qualitatively using specific reagents. Crude drug characterization followed the Indonesian Herbal Pharmacopoeia. Sequential reflux extraction was performed using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol. TLC profiling was conducted using 5% AlCl₃ and 10% FeCl₃ as spot-detecting reagents. Phytochemical screening showed positive reactions for alkaloids, polyphenols, flavonoids, saponins, quinones, monoterpenes/sesquiterpenes, and steroids/terpenoids. Characterization showed water-soluble extractive content of 16.157%, ethanol-soluble extractive content of 6.730%, total ash content of 19.383%, acid-insoluble ash content of 0.998%, moisture content of 4.333%, and loss on drying of 9.124%. TLC profiling indicated that all extracts contained polyphenols and flavonoids. These findings demonstrate that Kappaphycopsis cottonii has suitable crude drug characteristics and contains secondary metabolites with potential for further development as a herbal medicinal raw material. Abstrak. Alga merah (Kappaphycopsis cottonii) merupakan salah satu sumber bahan alam yang diketahui mengandung metabolit sekunder berpotensi sebagai senyawa bioaktif. Identifikasi kandungan metabolit dan karakterisasi simplisia dan analisis profil kromatografi lapis tipis diperlukan sebagai tahap awal untuk menjamin mutu bahan baku. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan metabolit sekunder dan karakteristik simplisia serta profil KLT dari Alga merah (Kappaphycopsis cottonii). Skrining fitokimia dilakukan terhadap simplisia secara ku…
creator: Putri Aulia Nurul Fadillah
creator: Dadang Juanda
creator: Esti Rachmawati
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-01
publication date: 2026-08-01
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.24912

Optimasi Formulasi Gel Topikal Ekstrak Daun Binahong Menggunakan Factorial Design
type: item
description: Abstract. Binahong (Anredera cordifolia) leaf extract has potential as a topical active ingredient due to its flavonoid, saponin, alkaloid, tannin, and terpenoid contents, which support skin tissue regeneration. The quality of topical gel preparations is strongly influenced by the composition of the gel base; therefore, formulation optimization is required to obtain acceptable physical characteristics. This study aimed to optimize the formulation of binahong leaf extract topical gel using a factorial design approach by evaluating the effects of Carbomer 940 and propylene glycol concentrations on the physical properties of the gel. Binahong leaves were extracted by maceration using 70% ethanol, followed by phytochemical screening. Optimization was performed by varying the concentrations of Carbomer 940 and propylene glycol, with pH, viscosity, and spreadability as the response variables. The optimum formulation was obtained at a combination of 1.8% Carbomer 940 and 20% propylene glycol with a desirability value of 0.38451. The formulation produced a pH of 5.94, a spreadability of 6.44 cm, and a viscosity of 23,719 cP, meeting the required physical quality parameters for topical gel preparations. These findings indicate that the optimized formulation has suitable physical characteristics and may serve as a basis for the further development of binahong topical gel. Abstrak.. Ekstrak daun binahong (Anredera cordifolia) berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai bahan aktif sediaan topikal karena mengandung flavonoid, saponin, alkaloid, tanin, dan terpenoid yang mendukung regenerasi jaringan kulit. Mutu sediaan gel sangat dipengaruhi oleh komposisi basis, sehingga diperlukan optimasi formulasi untuk memperoleh karakteristik fisik yang memenuhi persyaratan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengoptimasi formulasi gel topikal ekstrak daun binahong menggunakan metode factorial design melalui evaluasi pengaruh konsentrasi Carbomer 940 dan propilen glikol terhadap sifat fisik sediaan. Ekstrak di…
creator: Muhammad Akram Athallah
creator: Budi Prabowo Soewondo
creator: Hanifa Rahma
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-01
publication date: 2026-08-01
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.24923

Profil Pengobatan Berbasis Platinum pada Pasien KPKBSK Stadium III di RS X
type: item
description: Abstract. Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) is the most common type of lung cancer, with the majority of patients newly diagnosed at stage III. Platinum-based combination chemotherapy (platinum doublet) is the primary systemic treatment option for controlling disease progression. This study aims to determine the profile of platinum-based treatment and the characteristics of stage III NSCLC patients at Hospital X. This study employed a retrospective observational design using a cohort approach. The sample was selected using total sampling from secondary medical record data of stage III NSCLC patients who met the inclusion criteria and received their fourth cycle of platinum-based chemotherapy. The results showed that of the 90 patients, the majority were male (76.7%) and aged 60 years or older (63.3%). The majority of patients are employed (90.0%), had a history of smoking (51.1%), had adenocarcinoma as the histopathological type (58.8%), were in stage III C (52.2%), and had comorbidities such as COPD or other lung diseases (48.7%). The most commonly used platinum-based chemotherapy regimens were carboplatin + paclitaxel (53.3%), followed by cisplatin + pemetrexed (20.0%), and cisplatin + paclitaxel (16.7%). These findings provide an overview of patient characteristics and platinum-based treatment profiles to inform improved treatment strategies for patients with stage III NSCLC. Abstrak. Kanker paru jenis karsinoma bukan sel kecil (KPKBSK) merupakan jenis kanker paru terbanyak, di mana sebagian besar pasien baru terdiagnosis pada stadium III. Kemoterapi kombinasi berbasis platinum (platinum-doublet) menjadi pilihan utama terapi sistemik untuk mengontrol progresivitas penyakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui profil pengobatan berbasis platinum dan karakteristik pasien KPKBSK stadium III di Rumah Sakit X. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain observasional retrospektif dengan pendekatan kohort. Sampel diambil dengan teknik total sampling dari data sekunder rek…
creator: Nibras Rojwa Putri Azahra
creator: Suwendar Suwendar
creator: Bambang Tri Laksono
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-01
publication date: 2026-08-01
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.24914

Karakterisasi Asam Salisilat dan Minyak Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia)
type: item
description: Abstract. Salicylic acid is a compound widely used in topical formulations due to its keratolytic, comedolytic, and anti-inflammatory activities, while lavender oil (Lavandula angustifolia) contains bioactive compounds with potential antibacterial properties. This study aimed to characterize salicylic acid and lavender oil. The characterization of salicylic acid included organoleptic evaluation, determination of the maximum wavelength using UV-Visible spectrophotometry, and functional group analysis using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The characterization of lavender oil included organoleptic evaluation, determination of refractive index and specific gravity, and compound identification using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showed that salicylic acid was a white crystalline powder, odorless, with a maximum absorption wavelength of 301 nm and functional groups consistent with its chemical structure. Lavender oil was a clear, colorless liquid with a characteristic lavender odor, a refractive index of 1,454 ± 0,000, a specific gravity of 0,885 ± 0,009, and contains the compounds linalool (31,19%), linalyl acetate (12,44%), terpinen-4-ol (2,82%), β-ocimene (3,51%), α-terpineol (1.42%), camphor (2,72%), 1,8-cineole (4,92%), geranyl acetate (5,74%), neryl acetate (2,31%), and limonene (8,81%). Abstrak. Asam salisilat merupakan senyawa yang banyak digunakan dalam sediaan topikal karena memiliki aktivitas keratolitik, komedolitik, dan antiinflamasi, sedangkan minyak lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) mengandung senyawa aktif yang berpotensi sebagai antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik asam salisilat dan minyak lavender. Karakteristik asam salisilat meliputi organoleptik, penentuan panjang gelombang maksimum menggunakan spektrofotometri UV-Vis, dan analisis gugus fungsi menggunakan Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Karakterisasi minyak lavender meliputi organoleptik, penentuan indeks bia…
creator: Cici Dita Maryam
creator: Hanifa Rahma
creator: Purwaeni Purwaeni
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-01
publication date: 2026-08-01
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.24927

Potensi Gastroprotektif Tanaman Herbal di Indonesia
type: item
description: Abstract. Gastritis is one of the most common gastrointestinal disorders and may progress to gastric ulcers if left untreated. Various Indonesian herbal plants contain secondary metabolites with potential gastroprotective properties. Therefore, this article aims to review the potential of Indonesian herbal plants as gastroprotective agents through a literature review. A literature review was conducted by analyzing seven research articles retrieved from Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect. Eligible articles were selected based on predefined inclusion criteria and descriptively analyzed through evidence synthesis. The findings showed that various Indonesian herbal plants exhibited gastroprotective activity, as indicated by reduced ulcer formation, improved gastric mucosal histopathology, and enhanced mucosal protection. However, the available evidence is still predominantly derived from preclinical studies. Therefore, extract standardization and well-designed clinical studies are required to support the development of Indonesian herbal plants as candidate phytopharmaceuticals for the prevention and adjunctive treatment of gastric ulcers. Abstrak. Gastritis merupakan salah satu penyakit saluran pencernaan yang masih menjadi masalah kesehatan dan dapat berkembang menjadi ulkus lambung apabila tidak ditangani dengan baik. Berbagai tanaman herbal Indonesia diketahui mengandung metabolit sekunder yang berpotensi memberikan efek gastroprotektif. Oleh karena itu, artikel ini bertujuan mengkaji potensi tanaman herbal Indonesia sebagai agen gastroprotektif melalui literature review. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode literature review dengan menelaah tujuh artikel penelitian yang diperoleh dari basis data Google Scholar, PubMed, dan ScienceDirect. Artikel dipilih berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan dianalisis secara deskriptif melalui sintesis hasil penelitian. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa berbagai tanaman herbal Indonesia memiliki aktivitas gastroprotektif yang ditunjukka…
creator: Hudari Aklinia Handadly
creator: Bertha Rusdi
creator: Umi Yuniarni
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-02
publication date: 2026-08-02
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.24957

Efektivitas Bisoprolol pada Denyut Jantung Pasien Gagal Jantung di RS X
type: item
description: Abstract. Heart failure is a cardiovascular disease with high morbidity and mortality rates. Bisoprolol as a beta-blocker is recommended in the treatment of heart failure because it can reduce heart rate and improve patient clinical outcomes. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of bisoprolol in the therapy regimen for congestive heart failure on reducing heart rate in Hospital X. This study used an observational analytical method with a retrospective cohort design in 131 patients selected using a total sampling technique. Data were analyzed using the One-Way ANOVA test with a significance level of p < 0.05. The results showed a significant difference in the average reduction in heart rate between bisoprolol dose groups (p = 0.007). The Tukey HSD test showed that a significant difference was only found between doses of 1.25 mg and 2.5 mg (p = 0.010), with a greater average reduction in heart rate at the 2.5 mg dose. Abstrak. Gagal jantung merupakan penyakit kardiovaskular dengan angka morbiditas dan mortalitas yang tinggi. Bisoprolol sebagai beta-blocker direkomendasikan dalam pengobatan gagal jantung karena dapat menurunkan denyut jantung dan memperbaiki hasil klinis pasien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas bisoprolol dalam regimen terapi gagal jantung terhadap penurunan denyut jantung di RS X. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode observasional analitik dengan desain kohort retrospektif pada 131 pasien yang dipilih menggunakan teknik total sampling. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji One-Way ANOVA dengan tingkat signifikansi p < 0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pada rata-rata penurunan denyut jantung antar kelompok dosis bisoprolol (p = 0,007). Uji Tukey HSD menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan signifikan hanya terdapat antara dosis 1,25 mg dan 2,5 mg (p = 0,010), dengan rata-rata penurunan denyut jantung yang lebih besar pada dosis 2,5 mg.
creator: Kintari Nabila
creator: Bambang Tri Laksono
creator: Andrian Hoerul Anwar
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-02
publication date: 2026-08-02
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.24965

Pemahaman Anemia dan Ketepatan Penggunaan Tablet Tambah Darah di Kecamatan Maja
type: item
description: Abstract. Anemia is a common health problem among adolescent girls and can affect their growth, development, productivity, and future reproductive health. One of the government’s efforts to prevent anemia is through a program that provides iron supplements; however, the program’s success depends on adolescent girls’ level of understanding and proper use of these supplements. This study aims to examine adolescent girls’ understanding of anemia and iron-rich tablets, as well as the accuracy of their use, in Maja Subdistrict, Majalengka Regency. The study employed a descriptive observational method with a cross-sectional approach among adolescent girls using a questionnaire. The results showed that the level of understanding regarding anemia was in the “adequate” category (68.05%), understanding of iron-rich tablets was in the “good” category (79%), and the accuracy of iron-rich tablet use was in the “good” category (95.5%). Additionally, knowledge regarding the prevention of anemia through nutrition was in the “adequate” category (67.5%). It can be concluded that adolescent girls in Maja Subdistrict have adequate understanding of anemia as well as good understanding and proper use of iron supplements; however, further education is still needed in several aspects to support optimal anemia prevention. Abstrak. Anemia merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan yang banyak terjadi pada remaja putri dan dapat berdampak terhadap pertumbuhan, perkembangan, produktivitas, serta kesehatan reproduksi di masa mendatang. Salah satu upaya pencegahan anemia yang dilakukan pemerintah adalah melalui program pemberian tablet tambah darah (TTD), namun keberhasilan program tersebut dipengaruhi oleh tingkat pemahaman dan ketepatan penggunaan TTD oleh remaja putri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pemahaman mengenai anemia dan tablet tambah darah serta ketepatan penggunaan tablet tambah darah pada remaja putri di Kecamatan Maja, Kabupaten Majalengka. Penelitian menggunakan metode obser…
creator: Fakhriyah Faris Syarafi
creator: Suwendar Suwendar
creator: Lanny Mulqie
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-02
publication date: 2026-08-02
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.24969

Eksperimen Desain Faktorial untuk Optimasi Aktivitas Antioksidan Beras Hitam Menggunakan UAE
type: item
description: Abstract. Black rice (Oryza sativa L.) contains bioactive compounds, particularly anthocyanins, flavonoids, and phenolic compounds, which contribute to antioxidant activity. The extraction process is a critical stage because extraction conditions can affect the recovery and stability of these compounds. This study aimed to optimize black rice extraction using Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction (UAE) through a 2² factorial experimental design and to evaluate the antioxidant activity of the resulting extracts. Black rice obtained from Subang, West Java, was characterized and extracted using methanol with variations in extraction time and solvent-to-material ratio. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using the DPPH method and expressed as IC₅₀. The characterization results showed moisture content of 12.81%, total ash of 1.39%, water-soluble extractive value of 3.02%, and ethanol-soluble extractive value of 4.04%. The IC₅₀ values ranged from 96.12 to 124.85 ppm. The lowest IC₅₀ value, indicating the highest antioxidant activity, was obtained at 20 minutes extraction with a material-to-solvent ratio of 1:200. The experimental design analysis indicated that the material-to-solvent ratio had a greater influence on antioxidant activity than extraction time. These findings demonstrate that UAE combined with factorial experimental design can be applied to identify efficient extraction conditions for obtaining black rice extracts with favorable antioxidant activity. Abstrak. Beras hitam (Oryza sativa L.) mengandung senyawa bioaktif, terutama antosianin, flavonoid, dan senyawa fenolik yang berkontribusi terhadap aktivitas antioksidan. Proses ekstraksi merupakan tahap penting karena kondisi ekstraksi dapat memengaruhi perolehan dan stabilitas senyawa bioaktif. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengoptimasi ekstraksi beras hitam menggunakan Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction (UAE) melalui desain eksperimen faktorial 2² serta mengevaluasi aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak yang dihasilkan. Beras hitam y…
creator: Aulia Hermawan Putri
creator: Kiki Mulkiya Yuliawati
creator: Budi Prabowo Soewondo
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-02
publication date: 2026-08-02
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.25006

Formulasi Sheet Mask Bioselulosa dari Kulit Nanas (Ananas Comosus (L.) Merr.)
type: item
description: Abstract. The increasing use of sheet masks has encouraged the development of materials with superior essence absorption and retention capabilities while being environmentally friendly. Bacterial cellulose is a promising biomaterial for sheet mask substrates, whereas pineapple peel (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.) can be utilized as a fermentation medium due to its nutrient content that supports the growth of cellulose-producing bacteria. This study aimed to formulate a bacterial cellulose-based sheet mask from pineapple peel and evaluate its physical characteristics. An experimental laboratory method was employed by fermenting pineapple peel filtrate using Acetobacter xylinum, followed by purification, sterilization, sheet mask fabrication, and bacterial cellulose characterization. The evaluated parameters included organoleptic properties, thickness, pH, swelling ratio, tensile strength, and elongation at break. The data were analyzed descriptively by comparing the obtained results with relevant literature. The results showed that the produced bacterial cellulose was colorless, odorless, and elastic, with an average thickness of 0.545 ± 0.005 mm, pH ranging from 7.05 to 7.14, a swelling ratio of 48.48–52.31%, a tensile strength of 14.68 N/mm², and an elongation at break of 31%. These findings indicate that bacterial cellulose derived from pineapple peel has the potential to be used as a sheet mask material with favorable physical characteristics while promoting the utilization of agricultural waste as an environmentally friendly cosmetic biomaterial. Abstrak. Peningkatan penggunaan sheet mask mendorong pengembangan material yang memiliki kemampuan menyerap dan mempertahankan essence lebih baik serta ramah lingkungan. Bioselulosa merupakan biomaterial yang berpotensi digunakan sebagai bahan dasar sheet mask, sementara kulit nanas (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.) dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai media fermentasi karena mengandung nutrisi yang mendukung pertumbuhan bakteri penghasil …
creator: A. Mutiara Febriani
creator: Gita Cahya Eka Darma
creator: Hanifah Rahma
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-02
publication date: 2026-08-02
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.25004

Studi In Silico Profil ADMET Senyawa Aktif Tanaman Telang (Clitoria ternateae L.)
type: item
description: Abstract. Clitoria ternatea L. is a medicinal plant containing various bioactive compounds with potential for drug development. This study aimed to evaluate the ADMET profile of Clitoria ternatea L. active compounds using an in silico approach. Active compounds were identified through the Knapsack database, and their chemical structures were analyzed using SwissADME to predict physicochemical properties, pharmacokinetics, drug-likeness, and medicinal chemistry parameters. Toxicity profiles were subsequently assessed using ProTox-II. The results indicated that most compounds exhibited favorable physicochemical characteristics, good gastrointestinal absorption, and acceptable drug-likeness profiles, suggesting their potential as oral drug candidates. Toxicity prediction showed that the selected compound had an LD50 value of 5000 mg/kg and belonged to toxicity class 5. It was predicted to be non-hepatotoxic, non-neurotoxic, non-mutagenic, non-carcinogenic, non-immunotoxic, and non-cytotoxic, although a potential nephrotoxic effect was identified. These findings suggest that in silico analysis is a useful preliminary screening tool for identifying promising drug candidates from Clitoria ternatea L.; however, further in vitro and in vivo studies are required to confirm their efficacy and safety. Abstrak. Clitoria ternatea L. merupakan tanaman herbal yang mengandung berbagai senyawa bioaktif dan berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai kandidat obat. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis profil ADMET senyawa aktif Clitoria ternatea L. menggunakan pendekatan in silico. Identifikasi senyawa dilakukan melalui basis data Knapsack, kemudian struktur senyawa dianalisis menggunakan SwissADME untuk mengevaluasi sifat fisikokimia, farmakokinetik, drug-likeness, dan medicinal chemistry. Selanjutnya, profil toksisitas diprediksi menggunakan ProTox-II. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar senyawa memiliki karakteristik fisikokimia yang mendukung pengembangan sebagai kandidat obat o…
creator: Muhammad Algif Qolbun Salim
creator: Taufik Muhammad Fakih
creator: Ibnu Dharsono Faizal
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-02
publication date: 2026-08-02
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.25037

Sintesis Senyawa Tetrapeptida YLVN sebagai Kandidat Antioksidan
type: item
description: Abstract. Free radicals can induce oxidative stress that contributes to various health disorders; therefore, effective antioxidant compounds are required. The tetrapeptide Tyrosine-Leucine-Valine-Asparagine (YLVN), identified from pea protein hydrolysate, has been reported to possess antioxidant activity. This study aimed to synthesize the YLVN tetrapeptide using the Solid Phase Peptide Synthesis (SPPS) method and evaluate its characteristics and antioxidant activity. The synthesis was carried out using 2-chlorotritylchloride resin and HATU/HOAt coupling reagents through coupling, deprotection, capping, and cleavage steps. The obtained krud was characterized using Reverse Phase-High Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC) and mass spectrometry, followed by antioxidant activity evaluation using the ABTS method. RP-HPLC results showed the highest retention time of 34.158, indicating analysis revealed a protonated molecular ion peak m/z 508.36 [M+H] +, corresponding to the theoretical molecular weight of the YLVN tetrapeptide. Antioxidant activity, with an IC50 value in the 9325,479 ppm range. In conclusion, the YLVN tetrapeptide was successfully synthesized uisng the SPPS method; however, the krud was not sufficiently pure and did not exhibit optimal antioxidant activity. Abstrak. Radikal bebas dapat menyebabkan stres oksidatif yang berkontribusi terhadap berbagai gangguan kesehatan sehingga diperlukan senyawa antioksidan yang efektif. Tetrapeptida Tyrosine-Leucine-Valine-Asparagine (YLVN) yang diidentifikasi dari hidrolisat protein kacang polong dilaporkan memiliki aktivitas antioksidan yang baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mensintesis tetrapeptida YLVN menggunakan Solid Phase Peptide Synthesis (SPPS) serta mengevaluasi karakteristik dan uji aktivitas antioksidannya. Sintesis dilakukan menggunakan resin 2-klorotritilklorida dengan reagen kopling HATU/HOAt melalui tahapan kopling, deproteksi, capping, dan cleavage. Krud yang diperoleh dikarakterisasi menggunak…
creator: Reni Rahayu
creator: Nety Kurniaty
creator: Farendina Suarantika
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-02
publication date: 2026-08-02
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.25047

Kajian Sistematis Aktivitas Antioksidan Kolagen dan Turunannya dari Ikan sebagai Inhibitor Tirosinase
type: item
description: Abstract. Fish collagen and its derivatives have attracted considerable attention due to their potential applications in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries. Enzymatic hydrolysis produces collagen peptides with lower molecular weight and enhanced biological activities, particularly antioxidant activity. This systematic literature review aimed to evaluate the antioxidant activity of fish collagen and its derivatives while identifying evidence regarding their anti-tyrosinase potential. The review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines. Literature searches were conducted using PubMed, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, and scientific publisher platforms including MDPI, Frontiers, and RSC Publishing for articles published between 2018 and 2026. Eight research articles met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed descriptively. The findings consistently demonstrated that collagen peptides exhibited higher antioxidant activity than native collagen, as indicated by lower IC₅₀ values and greater free radical scavenging activity in DPPH and ABTS assays. Hydrolysis enhanced the exposure of bioactive amino acid residues responsible for electron donation and radical scavenging. In addition, two studies reported anti-tyrosinase activity of fish collagen peptides, indicating their potential application as natural skin-whitening agents. Overall, fish collagen peptides demonstrate promising antioxidant properties, whereas evidence regarding anti-tyrosinase activity remains limited and requires further investigation. Abstrak. Kolagen ikan dan turunannya merupakan biomaterial alami yang banyak diteliti karena potensinya sebagai bahan aktif di bidang pangan, farmasi, dan kosmetik. Proses hidrolisis enzimatik menghasilkan peptida kolagen dengan berat molekul lebih rendah sehingga dapat meningkatkan aktivitas biologis, terutama aktivitas antioksidan. Kajian sistematis ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi aktivitas ant…
creator: Karisa Putri Alifa
creator: Vinda Maharani Patricia
creator: Farendina Suarantika
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-02
publication date: 2026-08-02
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.25078

Formulasi In Situ Gel Oral Ekstrak Brokoli dan Aktivitas Antibakterinya
type: item
description: Abstract. Dental caries remains a prevalent oral health problem, with Streptococcus mutans playing an important role through acid production and biofilm formation. This study evaluated the antibacterial activity of broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) extract against S. mutans and developed a pharmaceutically stable oral in situ gel. Broccoli was extracted by maceration with 70% ethanol. The extract was subjected to phytochemical screening, qualitative sulforaphane identification by HPLC, and agar well diffusion testing at concentrations of 3.75, 7.5, 15, 30, 40, and 50%. The oral in situ gel was optimized using poloxamer 407 and carbomer 940 and evaluated for organoleptic properties, pH, density, viscosity, gelation temperature, gelation time, and thermodynamic stability. The extract contained alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, tannins, saponins, and steroids, with an HPLC peak at 5.19 min indicating sulforaphane. Antibacterial activity appeared at 40% (1.85 mm) and reached 7.3 mm at 50%. Formula F2 containing 15% poloxamer 407 and 0.1% carbomer 940 showed suitable physical properties and remained stable during heating-cooling and freeze-thaw tests. The results support broccoli extract as a potential natural active ingredient for oral in situ gel development. Abstrak. Karies gigi merupakan masalah kesehatan gigi dan mulut dengan Streptococcus mutans sebagai salah satu bakteri utama melalui produksi asam dan pembentukan biofilm. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak brokoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) terhadap S. mutans serta mengembangkan formulasi in situ gel oral yang stabil secara farmasetika. Brokoli diekstraksi secara maserasi menggunakan etanol 70%, dilanjutkan skrining fitokimia, identifikasi kualitatif sulforaphane dengan HPLC, dan uji antibakteri metode difusi sumuran pada konsentrasi 3,75; 7,5; 15; 30; 40; dan 50%. Sediaan dioptimasi menggunakan poloxamer 407 dan carbomer 940, kemudian dievaluasi secara fisik dan stabili…
creator: Halfi Zahra Azkiya
creator: Dina Mulyanti
creator: Hanifa Rahma
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-02
publication date: 2026-08-02
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.25083

Profil Simplisia dan Ekstrak Daun Wortel (Daucus Carota L.) dari Daerah Sukabumi
type: item
description: Abstract. Carrot leaves (Daucus carota L.) are one of the plants that have the potential as raw materials for traditional medicine because they contain various secondary metabolites. This study aims to characterize the crude drug and ethanol extract of carrot leaves originating from the Pasir Datar area, Sukabumi Regency. Extraction was carried out using the maceration method using 96% ethanol. Characterization included organoleptic testing, specific parameters (water-soluble and ethanol-soluble extract content), nonspecific parameters (drying loss, water content, total ash content, acid-insoluble ash content, and specific gravity of the extract), and phytochemical screening. The results showed that the crude drug and carrot leaf extract met the tested characterization parameters. Phytochemical screening showed the presence of flavonoids, polyphenols, saponins, and steroids/terpenoids, while alkaloids, tannins, quinones, and monoterpenoids/sesquiterpenoids were not detected. These characterization results indicate that the crude drug and ethanol extract of carrot leaves have good quality and have the potential to be developed as raw materials for traditional medicine. Abstrak. Daun wortel (Daucus carota L.) merupakan salah satu tanaman yang berpotensi sebagai bahan baku obat tradisional karena mengandung berbagai metabolit sekunder. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengarakterisasi simplisia dan ekstrak etanol daun wortel yang berasal dari daerah Pasir Datar, Kabupaten Sukabumi. Ekstraksi dilakukan dengan metode maserasi menggunakan etanol 96%. Karakterisasi meliputi pengujian organoleptik, parameter spesifik (kadar sari larut air dan kadar sari larut etanol), parameter nonspesifik (susut pengeringan, kadar air, kadar abu total, kadar abu tidak larut asam, dan bobot jenis ekstrak), serta skrining fitokimia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa simplisia dan ekstrak daun wortel memenuhi parameter karakterisasi yang diuji. Skrining fitokimia menunjukkan adanya kandungan f…
creator: Devita Desria
creator: Siti Hazar
creator: Bambang Tri Laksono
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-02
publication date: 2026-08-02
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.25087

Studi Literatur Daun Sirih Merah (Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav) untuk Luka
type: item
description: Abstract. Wound healing is a complex biological process encompassing inflammatory, proliferative, and remodeling phases. Red betel (Piper crocatum) is rich in bioactive compounds for tissue repair. Objective: To analyze the in vivo efficacy of its topical formulations (ointment, cream, patch) on wound healing. Methods: Literature synthesis of five experimental rodent studies evaluating macroscopic and histopathological parameters. Results: Secondary metabolites (flavonoids, tannins, saponins, alkaloids) act synergistically as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antibacterial agents (S. aureus, E. coli). Ointments (15%–45%) and cream (15%) suppressed acute inflammation, prevented pus, and accelerated wound closure by day 14. Combination transdermal patches (30%) enabled sustained release, significantly enhancing fibroblast proliferation (>50 cells/field) and dense collagen deposition. Conclusion: Red betel holds strong potential as a natural topical agent, where vehicle optimization is key to wound repair. Abstrak. Penyembuhan luka merupakan proses biologis kompleks yang mencakup fase inflamasi, proliferasi, dan remodeling. Daun sirih merah (Piper crocatum) kaya senyawa bioaktif berpotensi memacu pemulihan jaringan. Tujuan: Menganalisis efektivitas sediaan topikal ekstrak sirih merah (salep, krim, patch) terhadap penyembuhan luka secara in vivo. Metode: Sintesis data dari lima studi literatur eksperimental pada tikus Wistar dan mencit dengan pengamatan makroskopis dan histopatologi. Hasil: Metabolit sekunder (flavonoid, tanin, saponin, alkaloid) bekerja sinergis sebagai antiinflamasi, antioksidan, dan antibakteri (S. aureus, E. coli). Salep (15%–45%) dan krim (15%) efektif menekan inflamasi akut, mencegah pus, serta mempercepat penutupan luka pada hari ke-14. Patch transdermal (30%) memberikan pelepasan terukur (sustained release) yang memicu proliferasi fibroblas (>50 sel/lapang pandang) dan pembentukan kolagen padat. Kesimpulan: Sirih merah berprospek tinggi sebaga…
creator: Muhtaj Farhan Maulana Akbar
creator: Arlina Prima Putri
creator: Bambang Tri Laksono
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-02
publication date: 2026-08-02
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.25130

Kajian Literatur Potensi Rimpang Jahe Merah sebagai Analgesik dan Antiinflamasi
type: item
description: Abstract. Pain is one of the most common health problems associated with inflammation and is generally managed using nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and opioids, both of which may cause adverse effects. Therefore, safer therapeutic alternatives are needed, including red ginger (Zingiber officinale var. rubrum). This literature review aimed to analyze the pharmacological activity of red ginger as an analgesic and anti-inflammatory agent based on its bioactive compounds and mechanisms of action. A literature review was conducted by searching articles from PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar using relevant keywords. Eligible articles published within the last ten years were selected and analyzed descriptively. The review of six studies demonstrated that red ginger consistently exhibited analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities in in vitro, in vivo, and limited clinical studies. These pharmacological effects are attributed to bioactive compounds such as gingerol, shogaol, zingerone, camphene, flavonoids, quinones, monoterpenes, and sesquiterpenes, which inhibit COX and LOX enzymes, suppress NF-κB activation, reduce prostaglandin production, and modulate pro-inflammatory cytokines. In conclusion, red ginger has considerable potential as a natural analgesic and anti-inflammatory agent. Nevertheless, further well-designed clinical studies with standardized extracts and optimal dosages are required to confirm its efficacy and safety. Abstrak. Nyeri merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan yang sering menyertai proses inflamasi dan umumnya ditangani menggunakan obat antiinflamasi nonsteroid (OAINS) maupun opioid yang berpotensi menimbulkan efek samping. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan alternatif terapi yang lebih aman, salah satunya rimpang jahe merah (Zingiber officinale var. rubrum). Kajian ini bertujuan menganalisis aktivitas farmakologi jahe merah sebagai analgesik dan antiinflamasi berdasarkan kandungan senyawa bioaktif serta mekanisme kerjanya. Peneliti…
creator: Afifah Chantika Sari Priasmara
creator: Umi Yuniarni
creator: Berta Rusdi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-02
publication date: 2026-08-02
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.25136

Kajian Metode Top Down dalam Pembuatan Nanokristal Obat Antidiabetika Oral
type: item
description: Abstract. Type 2 diabetes mellitus remains one of the most prevalent non-communicable diseases in Indonesia, and most first-line oral antidiabetic agents such as glibenclamide, glimepiride, and gliclazide belong to Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) class II, characterized by poor aqueous solubility and consequently limited and variable oral bioavailability. Nanocrystal technology has emerged as a practical formulation strategy to overcome this limitation by reducing drug particle size to the nanometer range, thereby increasing the surface area available for dissolution. This article aims to review top-down methods used to produce nanocrystals of oral antidiabetic drugs through a literature review approach. Sources were obtained from international scientific databases, including PubMed, ScienceDirect, and MDPI, focusing on publications from the last ten years. The review shows that wet media milling and high-pressure homogenization are the most widely applied top-down techniques, either alone or combined with cocrystallization to form nano-cocrystals. Each method has distinct mechanisms, critical process parameters, and stabilizer requirements that determine the final particle size and dissolution performance. Overall, top-down nanocrystallization offers a scalable and solvent-minimal approach for improving the solubility, dissolution rate, and potential bioavailability of poorly soluble oral antidiabetic drugs. Abstrak. Diabetes melitus tipe 2 masih menjadi salah satu penyakit tidak menular dengan prevalensi tertinggi di Indonesia, dan sebagian besar obat antidiabetika oral lini pertama seperti glibenklamid, glimepirid, dan gliklazid termasuk ke dalam Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) kelas II yang memiliki kelarutan dalam air rendah sehingga bioavailabilitas oralnya terbatas dan bervariasi. Teknologi nanokristal menjadi salah satu strategi formulasi yang banyak dikembangkan untuk mengatasi keterbatasan tersebut dengan mengecilkan ukuran partik…
creator: Nina Renata
creator: Fitrianti Darusman
creator: Hanifa Rahma
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-02
publication date: 2026-08-02
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.25145

Ekstrak Bunga Rosella (Hibiscus Sabdariffa L.) sebagai Antiseptik Oral terhadap Staphylococcus Aureus
type: item
description: Abstract. Oral cavity infections are frequently caused by pathogenic bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus. Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) calyces are known to contain secondary metabolites with potential as natural antibacterial agents. This study aimed to analyze the ability of the ethanolic extract of roselle calyces to inhibit the growth of S. aureus and to determine the optimal concentration for use as an oral antiseptic candidate. This laboratory-based experimental study employed the maceration method using 70% ethanol as the solvent. Testing included specific and non-specific standardization, phytochemical screening, and a disc diffusion assay at concentrations of 6.25, 10, 15, and 25 %. The results showed that the extract met the quality requirements of the Indonesian Herbal Pharmacopoeia, with a yield of 33.95% and the presence of various secondary metabolites. All concentrations inhibited the growth of S. aureus, with the inhibition zone diameter increasing alongside the concentration. The largest diameter was observed at the 25% concentration (13.6 ± 0.06 mm), falling into the "strong" category. Thus, the ethanolic extract of roselle calyces has the potential to be developed as a natural active ingredient in oral antiseptic formulations. Abstrak. Infeksi rongga mulut sering disebabkan oleh bakteri patogen seperti Staphylococcus aureus. Kelopak bunga rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) diketahui mengandung metabolit sekunder yang berpotensi sebagai antibakteri alami. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kemampuan ekstrak etanol kelopak bunga rosella dalam menghambat pertumbuhan S. aureus serta menentukan konsentrasi yang paling optimal sebagai kandidat antiseptik oral. Penelitian eksperimental laboratorium ini menggunakan metode maserasi dengan pelarut etanol 70%. Pengujian meliputi standardisasi spesifik dan nonspesifik, penapisan fitokimia, serta uji difusi cakram pada konsentrasi 6,25 ; 10 ; 15 ; dan 25%. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak memenuhi persya…
creator: Salma Raihani Hanifa
creator: Gita Cahya Eka Darma
creator: Siti Hazar
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-02
publication date: 2026-08-02
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.25144

Perbandingan Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Daun Belimbing Manis terhadap Bakteri Penyebab Jerawat
type: item
description: Abstract. Acne vulgaris is a common inflammatory skin disorder, including in Indonesia with a prevalence reaches 80–85%. The increasing risk of bacterial resistance associated with prolonged antibiotic use has encouraged the exploration of natural antibacterial agents. Sweet starfruit (Averrhoa carambola L.) leaf are known to contain secondary metabolites with antibacterial properties. This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity. The leaves were extracted by maceration using 70% ethanol. Antibacterial activity was evaluated using the agar well diffusion method at concentrations of 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, and 30%. The 30% extract showed the highest antibacterial activity, with inhibition zones of 11.12 ± 0.38 mm against C.acnes and 11.62 ± 0.21 mm against S.epidermidis. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences among the treatment groups (p<0,05). The 70% ethanol extract of sweet starfruit (Averrhoa carambola L.) leaves possesses antibacterial activity against both acne-associated bacteria, with greater inhibitory activity against S.epidermidis than C.acnes. Abstrak. Jerawat (acne vulgaris) merupakah salah satu masalah kulit yang sering dijumpai diberbagai negara, termasuk Indonesia dengan prevalensi mencapai 80% - 85%. Penggunaan antibiotik jangka panjang berpotensi menyebabkan resistensi bakteri. Daun belimbing manis (Averrhoa carambola L.) merupakan salah satu tanaman yang mengandung metabolit sekunder yang diketahui memiliki aktivitas antibakteri daun belimbing manis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri. Ekstrasi dilakukan dengan metode maserasi menggunakan etanol 70%. Uji aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan menggunakan difusi agar teknik sumuran pada konsentrasi 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, dan 30%. Hasil menujukkan ekstrak daun belimbing manis pada konsentrasi 30% mampu menghasilkan diameter zona hambat sebesar 11,12 mm ± 0,38 terhadap C.acnes dan 11,62 mm ± 0,21 terhadap S.epidermidis. analisis statistik menunjukkan a…
creator: Devi Fitriyanti
creator: Siti Hazar
creator: Suwendar Suwendar
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-02
publication date: 2026-08-02
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.25146

Ekstraksi dan Identifikasi Enzim Bromelin dari Buah dan Kulit Nanas
type: item
description: Abstract. Bromelin is a proteolytic enzyme that is naturally found in pineapple plants. (Ananas comosusand has biological activity, one of which is as an antioxidant. The use of pineapple is still focused on the fruit part, while pineapple peel is often considered waste, even though it still has the potential to be a source of bromelain enzymes. This study aims to extract and identify bromelin enzymes from pineapple fruits and peels using the table salt precipitation (NaCl) method with concentration variations of 30%, 35%, and 40% followed by dialysis process, as well as conducting protein qualitative tests using the Lowry method. The extraction process begins with sample refinement, filtration, addition of pH 7 phosphate buffer, and protein deposition using salt, then purification through dialysis. The results showed that the highest yield was obtained at a concentration of 40% NaCl, which was 0.4799% for pineapple and 0.0784% for pineapple peel. The Lowry method protein qualitative test showed positive results with the formation of blue to greenish-blue color, which indicates the presence of protein content in bromelain extract. Thus, both the fruit and the pineapple peel have been proven to be a source of the bromelain enzyme, so pineapple peel waste has the potential to be further utilized in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology fields. Abstrak. Bromelin adalah enzim proteolitik yang secara alami terdapat pada tanaman nanas. (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.) dan memiliki aktivitas biologis, salah satunya sebagai antioksidan. Pemanfaatan nanas masih terfokus pada bagian buah, sementara kulit nanas sering dianggap sebagai limbah, padahal masih berpotensi sebagai sumber enzim bromelin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengekstraksi dan mengindentifikasi enzim bromelin dari buah dan kulit nanas menggunakan metode presipitasi garam dapur (NaCl) dengan variasi konsentrasi 30%, 35%, dan 40% yang dilanjutkan dengan proses dialisis, serta melakukan uji kualitatif protein menggun…
creator: Faisal Anwar
creator: Farendina Suarantika
creator: Taufik Muhammad Fakih
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-02
publication date: 2026-08-02
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.25137

Perbandingan Flavonoid Total dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Daun Jambu Bol dan Jambu Air
type: item
description: Abstract. Malay apple leaves (Syzygium malaccense) and watery rose apple leaves (Syzygium aqueum) are known to contain flavonoids that have potential as natural antioxidants. Differences in the type and concentration of extraction solvents may affect the compounds extracted; therefore, a study comparing the total flavonoid content and antioxidant activity of both plants using 70% ethanol is needed. This study aimed to determine the characteristics of the extracts, secondary metabolite contents, total flavonoid content, antioxidant activity, and compare the two extracts. An experimental study was conducted using Malay apple and watery rose apple leaf extracts collected from Purwakarta. Extraction was performed by maceration using 70% ethanol. Data were collected through extract characterization, phytochemical screening, determination of total flavonoid content using the aluminum chloride (AlCl₃) complexation method, and antioxidant activity testing using the DPPH method with UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Data were processed based on the measured total flavonoid content and IC₅₀ values. The results showed that the total flavonoid content of watery rose apple leaf extract was 72.528 ± 0.061 mgQE/g, higher than that of Malay apple leaf extract at 35.444 ± 0.120 mgQE/g. Watery rose apple leaf extract also showed stronger antioxidant activity, with an IC₅₀ value of 12.512 ppm compared with 14.235 ppm for Malay apple leaf extract. Both extracts were classified as very strong antioxidants. The 70% ethanol extract of watery rose apple leaves had higher total flavonoid content and antioxidant activity than Malay apple leaf extract. Abstrak. Daun jambu bol (Syzygium malaccense) dan daun jambu air (Syzygium aqueum) diketahui mengandung flavonoid yang berpotensi sebagai sumber antioksidan alami. Perbedaan jenis dan konsentrasi pelarut dapat memengaruhi senyawa yang terekstraksi sehingga diperlukan penelitian untuk membandingkan kadar flavonoid total dan aktivitas antioksidan kedua t…
creator: Nafisky Azzarti Kusuma
creator: Bertha Rusdi
creator: Farendina Suarantika
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-02
publication date: 2026-08-02
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.25156

Kajian Metode Bottom-Up pada Pembuatan Nanokristal Obat Antidiabetika Oral BCS Kelas II
type: item
description: Abstract. Oral antidiabetic drugs included in the Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) class II have high permeability but low solubility, thus limiting the dissolution rate and oral bioavailability. One approach developed to overcome this problem is nanocrystal technology using the bottom-up method. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of the bottom-up method in the manufacture of nanocrystals of oral antidiabetic drugs BCS class II in improving physicochemical characteristics. This study was conducted using a literature review method of scientific articles obtained through Google Scholar, ResearchGate, and other scientific sources. Data were analyzed descriptively and presented in narrative form. The results of the study indicate that the bottom-up method is able to produce nanocrystals measuring less than 1000 nm, thereby increasing the specific surface area of ​​the particles, which has an impact on increasing solubility, dissolution rate, and potentially increasing oral bioavailability. The sonication-precipitation method is the most widely used method because it produces smaller particle sizes, a more homogeneous size distribution, and better stability. The success of this method is influenced by the selection of solvents, antisolvents, stabilizers, and process parameters. Thus, the bottom-up method is an effective approach in the development of BCS class II oral antidiabetic drug nanocrystals. Abstrak. Obat antidiabetika oral yang termasuk dalam Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) kelas II yang memiliki permeabilitas tinggi, namun kelarutan rendah sehingga membatasi laju disolusi dan bioavailabilitas oral. Salah satu pendekatan yang dikembangkan untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut adalah teknologi nanokristal menggunakan metode bottom-up. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji efektivitas metode bottom-up dalam pembuatan nanokristal obat antidiabetika oral BCS kelas II terhadap peningkatan karakteristik fisikokimia. Penelitian ini d…
creator: Santy Juliarti
creator: Fitrianti Darusman
creator: Hanifa Rahma
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-02
publication date: 2026-08-02
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.25164

Formulasi Floating Tablet Mengandung Ekstrak Etanol Daun Sembung (Blumea Balsamifera (L.) DC.)
type: item
description: Abstract. Blumea balsamifera (L.) DC. leaves have traditionally been prepared as a decoction to relieve gastric disorders. However, this dosage form provides an uncertain dose and a short gastric residence time. This study aimed to formulate and evaluate floating tablets containing ethanolic extract of Blumea balsamifera leaves and determine the optimum formulation. The tablets were prepared by the wet granulation method using xanthan gum and HPMC K100M at ratios of 3:1, 1:1, and 1:3. The formulations were evaluated for granule and tablet physical properties, floating lag time, floating time, swelling index, and flavonoid release. The formulation with a xanthan gum to HPMC K100M ratio of 1:3 (F3) exhibited the best physical and floating characteristics, with a floating lag time of 8.4 ± 1.63 seconds, a floating time of 70.6 ± 1.2 hours, and a swelling index of 199.18 ± 14.14%. After incorporation of 250 mg of the extract, the tablets met the required physical quality parameters and remained buoyant for 36 ± 0.63 hours. However, the floating lag time increased to 24 ± 0.63 minutes, and flavonoid release reached 90.34 ± 1.03% within the first five minutes, indicating a burst release profile rather than the intended controlled-release behavior. These findings demonstrate that the combination of xanthan gum and HPMC K100M effectively supports the floating properties of the tablets. Nevertheless, further formulation optimization is required to achieve a sustained-release profile. Abstrak. Daun sembung (Blumea balsamifera (L.) DC.) secara tradisional diolah menjadi rebusan untuk meredakan keluhan lambung, namun cara ini menghasilkan dosis yang tidak pasti dan waktu tinggal obat di lambung yang singkat. Penelitian ini bertujuan memformulasikan dan mengevaluasi floating tablet yang mengandung ekstrak etanol daun sembung serta menentukan formula terbaiknya. Tablet dibuat dengan metode granulasi basah menggunakan kombinasi xanthan gum dan HPMC K100M dengan perbandingan 3:1, 1…
creator: Chikita Ghaesyani Putri Rahim
creator: Ratih Aryani
creator: Hanifa Rahma
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-02
publication date: 2026-08-02
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.25181

Studi Literatur : Aktivitas Antioksidan pada Daun Mint (Mentha Piperita L.)
type: item
description: Abstract. Mentha piperita L. leaves contain various bioactive compounds, including monoterpenes, flavonoids, and phenolic compounds, which exhibit promising natural antioxidant activity. This study aimed to review the antioxidant activity of Mentha piperita L. leaves using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay through a literature review approach. Literature published between 2010 and 2025 was selected based on predefined inclusion criteria. The reviewed data included extraction methods, extraction solvents, bioactive compounds, and IC₅₀ values. The findings indicated that the antioxidant activity of M. piperita was influenced by extraction methods, solvent polarity, and bioactive compound composition. Hydrodistillation generally produced essential oils rich in monoterpenes, whereas maceration using polar solvents was more effective in extracting phenolic and flavonoid compounds. The reported IC₅₀ values ranged from 2.99 mg/mL to >800 µg/mL, indicating that extraction methods, chemical composition, and environmental factors contributed to differences in antioxidant activity. Overall, Mentha piperita L. leaves have considerable potential as a natural source of antioxidants. Abstrak. Daun mint (Mentha piperita L.) merupakan tanaman herbal yang mengandung berbagai senyawa bioaktif, seperti monoterpen, flavonoid, dan senyawa fenolik yang berpotensi sebagai antioksidan alami. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji aktivitas antioksidan daun Mentha piperita L. menggunakan metode 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) melalui pendekatan literature review. Penelusuran literatur dilakukan terhadap artikel penelitian yang dipublikasikan pada tahun 2010–2025 sesuai kriteria inklusi. Data yang dikaji meliputi metode ekstraksi, jenis pelarut, senyawa bioaktif, dan nilai IC₅₀. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas antioksidan daun M. piperita dipengaruhi oleh metode ekstraksi, kepolaran pelarut, serta komposisi senyawa bioaktif. Hidrodistilasi umumnya menghasilkan minyak …
creator: Siti Nazwa Alysia Jingga Folananskya
creator: Farendina Suarantika
creator: Hanifa Rahma
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-02
publication date: 2026-08-02
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.25213

Uji Kelarutan Tretinoin pada Kandidat Minyak
type: item
description: Abstract. Describe Tretinoin is a topical retinoid widely used for the treatment of photoaging; however, its poor aqueous solubility and high susceptibility to light-induced degradation require an appropriate drug delivery system. One of the critical factors in nanoemulsion development is the selection of an oil phase with high drug solubilization capacity. This study aimed to evaluate the solubility of tretinoin in five candidate oils, namely grape seed oil, olive oil, argan oil, virgin coconut oil, and soybean oil, in order to determine the most suitable oil phase for nanoemulsion formulation. An experimental laboratory study was conducted using UV-Visible spectrophotometry. The maximum absorption wavelength of tretinoin in methanol was determined, followed by the preparation of a calibration curve at concentrations ranging from 2 to 6 µg/mL. Solubility testing was performed by incubating tretinoin in each candidate oil, followed by centrifugation and quantitative analysis of the dissolved drug using UV-Visible spectrophotometry. The maximum absorption wavelength of tretinoin was found to be 348.5 nm, while the calibration curve yielded the regression equation y = 0.0798x + 0.3766 with a correlation coefficient (R²) of 0.9455. The highest solubility was observed in grape seed oil (9.656 mg/mL), followed by virgin coconut oil (9.086 mg/mL), olive oil (8.895 mg/mL), soybean oil (6.880 mg/mL), and argan oil (6.154 mg/mL). These findings indicate that grape seed oil is the most suitable candidate oil phase for the development of tretinoin nanoemulsion formulations. Abstrak. Tretinoin merupakan retinoid topikal yang banyak digunakan dalam terapi photoaging, namun memiliki kelarutan yang rendah dalam air serta mudah mengalami degradasi akibat cahaya sehingga memerlukan sistem penghantaran yang sesuai. Salah satu faktor penting dalam pengembangan formulasi nanoemulsi adalah pemilihan fase minyak yang memiliki kemampuan melarutkan zat aktif secara optimal. Penelitian ini …
creator: Sabrina Nur Diana
creator: Hanifa Rahma
creator: Ratih Aryani
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-02
publication date: 2026-08-02
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.25179

Kemampuan Fotoproteksi Minyak Biji Raspberry dan Cellulose Nanocrystal
type: item
description: Abstract. Excessive exposure to ultraviolet (UV) rays can cause various skin disorders, thereby driving the development of natural-ingredient-based sunscreens as a safer alternative. This literature review aims to analyzed the photoprotective potential of raspberry seed oil (Rubus idaeus L.), examine the characteristics and functions of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC), and evaluate the potential synergy between these two ingredients in sunscreen formulations. The study was conducted using a narrative literature review method, with data sources consisting of scientific articles obtained from PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Google Scholar. The literature was selected based on its relevance to the research topic and then analyzed descriptively through the synthesis and comparison of previous research findings. The results of the study indicate that raspberry seed oil contains various bioactive compounds, such as unsaturated fatty acids, tocopherols, phytosterols, carotenoids, and phenolic compounds, which contribute to antioxidant activity and have the potential to provide photoprotective effects. On the other hand, CNC acts as a Pickering stabilizer capable of enhancing emulsion stability by inhibiting droplet coalescence and maintaining a homogeneous distribution of active ingredient. Based on the study’s findings, the combination of raspberry seed oil and CNC shows promise for the development of more stable and effective natural-ingredient-based sunscreen formulations, although scientific evidence regarding the integration of these two ingredients remains relatively limited. Abstrak. Paparan sinar ultraviolet (UV) secara berlebihan dapat menyebabkan berbagai gangguan pada kulit, sehingga mendorong pengembangan tabir surya berbasis bahan alam sebagai alternatif yang lebih aman. Studi literatur ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis potensi fotoproteksi minyak biji raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.), mengkaji karakteristik dan fungsi Cellulose Nanocrystal (CNC), serta mengevaluasi…
creator: Tiara Tri Andini
creator: Arlina Prima Putri
creator: Budi Prabowo Soewondo
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-02
publication date: 2026-08-02
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.25257

Penapisan Fitokimia, Karakterisasi Simplisia dan Analisis Profil KLT Ekstrak Kunyit Hitam
type: item
description: Abstract. Black turmeric (Curcuma caesia Roxb.) rhizome is a medicinal plant with the potential to be developed as a raw material for traditional medicine due to its diverse secondary metabolites. Prior to its utilization, the simplicia must be characterized to ensure its quality and safety. This study aimed to characterize the simplicia, perform phytochemical screening, conduct sequential extraction, and monitor the extracts of black turmeric rhizomes. Simplicia characterization included the determination of moisture content, total ash content, acid-insoluble ash content, water-soluble extractive value, and ethanol-soluble extractive value. Phytochemical screening was carried out qualitatively, while sequential extraction was performed using the reflux method with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol as solvents. The extracts were monitored using thin-layer chromatography (TLC) with silica gel GF254 as the stationary phase, chloroform as the mobile phase, and AlCl₃ 5%, FeCl₃ 10%, and H₂SO₄ 10% as spray reagents. The results showed that the black turmeric simplicia met the quality requirements for use as a raw material for traditional medicine. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoids, phenolics, tannins, saponins, monoterpenoids/sesquiterpenoids, triterpenoids/steroids, and quinones, while alkaloids were not detected. The methanol extract produced the highest extraction yield (8.6255%), and TLC analysis confirmed the presence of flavonoids and phenolic compounds in all extracts. These findings indicate that black turmeric rhizomes have good simplicia quality and considerable potential as a raw material for traditional medicine. Abstrak. Rimpang kunyit hitam (Curcuma caesia Roxb.) merupakan tanaman obat yang berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai bahan baku obat tradisional karena mengandung berbagai senyawa metabolit sekunder. Sebelum dimanfaatkan, simplisia perlu dikarakterisasi untuk menjamin mutu dan keamanannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan melakukan k…
creator: Hilda Amaniroffi
creator: Dadang Juanda
creator: Yani Lukmayani
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-02
publication date: 2026-08-02
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.25271

Penelusuran Pustaka Potensi Aktivitas Antibakteri Tanaman Kelor (Moringa Oleifera Lam)
type: item
description: Abstract. Infectious diseases are caused by microorganisms like bacteria and viruses that can harm the human body. Antibiotics are common treatments for these diseases, but their misuse can lead to antibiotic resistance. Using plants as medicine can help reduce these side effects and combat resistance. Moringa (Moringa oleifera L.) is a plant known for its medical benefits. Research shows that Moringa leaves can act as an antibacterial agent, with various parts of the plant—leaves, bark, seeds, and flowers—exhibiting antibacterial activity against harmful bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus and E. coli. The effectiveness comes from bioactive compounds like flavonoids and alkaloids found in Moringa. Abstrak. Penyakit infeksi disebabkan oleh mikroorganisme seperti bakteri, virus, protozoa, jamur, atau prion yang merusak organ tubuh. Antibiotik sering digunakan, tetapi penggunaannya yang tidak tepat dapat menyebabkan resistensi. Menggunakan tumbuhan sebagai obat merupakan alternatif untuk mengurangi efek samping dan resistensi terhadap antibiotik. Salah satu tanaman dengan potensi besar adalah kelor (Moringa oleifera L.), yang memiliki banyak khasiat medis. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa daun kelor dapat bertindak sebagai antibakteri terhadap berbagai bakteri, termasuk Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli. Aktivitas antibakteri ini berasal dari senyawa bioaktif dalam kelor seperti flavonoid dan alkaloid.
creator: Zahra Hana Novani
creator: Kiki Mulkiya
creator: Vinda Maharani Patricia
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-02
publication date: 2026-08-02
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.25265

Profil Penggunaan Obat Antihipertensi pada Pasien Preeklamsia dan Eklampsia di RS X
type: item
description: Abstract. Preeclampsia and eclampsia are major causes of maternal morbidity and mortality that require effective blood pressure control. This study aims to describe patient characteristics and examine the profile of antihypertensive drug use based on monotherapy and combination therapy in patients with preeclampsia and eclampsia at Hospital X. The research method employed a retrospective, descriptive, observational study of 133 medical records. Data were analyzed descriptively and presented in tabular form. The results showed that the majority of patients were diagnosed with severe preeclampsia during their reproductive years (ages 25–44) and were in their third trimester of pregnancy. Based on the treatment profile, combination therapy was used more frequently than monotherapy. Overall, the most commonly used regimen was a three-drug combination (methyldopa + nifedipine + MgSO₄); the therapy administered was in accordance with clinical guidelines for managing preeclampsia and eclampsia at Hospital X. Abstrak. Preeklamsia dan eklampsia merupakan penyebab utama morbiditas dan mortalitas maternal yang memerlukan pengendalian tekanan darah secara efektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan karakteristik pasien dan melihat profil penggunaan obat antihipertensi berdasarkan penggunaan monoterapi dan kombinasi obat pada pasien preeklamsia dan eklampsia di Rumah Sakit X. Metode penelitian menggunakan studi deskriptif observasional retrospektif terhadap 133 rekam medis. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif dan disajikan dalam bentuk tabel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas pasien didiagnosis mengalami preeklamsia berat pada usia reproduktif, yaitu 25-44 tahun dengan usia kehamilan trimester ketiga. Berdasarkan profil pengobatan, penggunaan terapi kombinasi lebih banyak dibandingkan monoterapi. Secara keseluruhan, obat yang paling sering digunakan adalah terapi kombinasi tiga obat (Metildopa + Nifedipin + MgSO4), terapi yang diberikan sudah sesuai dengan p…
creator: Nashwa Fika Nafillah
creator: Bambang Tri Laksono
creator: Fetri Lestari
creator: Avi Admikowati
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-02
publication date: 2026-08-02
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.25267

Metode Ekstraksi dan Sifat Fungsional Kolagen Berbasis Ikan: Kajian Sistematis Literatur
type: item
description: Abstract. Fish collagen has gained increasing attention as a sustainable alternative to mammalian collagen because of its high biocompatibility, low immunogenicity, halal acceptability, and abundant availability from fish processing by-products. This study systematically reviewed the extraction methods and functional properties of fish-derived collagen following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 Statement. Literature searches were conducted in Scopus, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, Wiley Online Library, PubMed, DOAJ, and Google Scholar, with the final search performed on July 31, 2026. Seven primary research articles met the eligibility criteria and were included in the analysis. The results showed that pepsin-soluble collagen (PSC) generally produced higher extraction yields than acid-soluble collagen (ASC) while preserving the triple-helix structure. The extracted collagen exhibited a Water Absorption Capacity (WAC) of 31.13 ± 0.98 g/g, SDS-PAGE profiles with α1, α2, and β bands characteristic of type I collagen, and FTIR spectra showing amide A, B, I, II, and III bands, indicating that the triple-helix structure remained intact after extraction. Overall, fish-derived collagen shows considerable potential for pharmaceutical, biomedical, cosmetic, and food applications. Abstrak. Kolagen ikan semakin banyak dikembangkan sebagai alternatif kolagen mamalia karena memiliki biokompatibilitas tinggi, imunogenisitas rendah, diterima secara halal, serta tersedia melimpah sebagai hasil samping industri perikanan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji secara sistematis metode ekstraksi dan sifat fungsional kolagen berbasis ikan. Kajian disusun mengikuti pedoman Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 Statement. Penelusuran literatur dilakukan pada Scopus, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, Wiley Online Library, PubMed, DOAJ, dan Google Scholar, dengan penelusuran terakhir pada 31 Juli 2026. Seban…
creator: Reisha Radyafhasa
creator: Vinda Maharani Patricia
creator: Bertha Rusdi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-02
publication date: 2026-08-02
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.25276

Formulasi Nanoemulgel dari Ekstrak Etanol Daun Sembung (Blumea balsamifera L.)
type: item
description: Abstract. Sembung leaves (Blumea balsamifera L.) contain flavonoid compounds with antioxidant potential to counteract free radicals. This study aims to obtain the optimum nanoemulsion formula using a 2² factorial design and formulate it into a nanoemulgel preparation. The extract was obtained through 70% ethanol maceration with a yield of 17.71% and a total flavonoid content of 35.1 mgQE/g. Nanoemulsion optimization used olive oil as the oil phase with variations in Tween 80 and PEG 400 concentrations. Results showed the optimum nanoemulsion formula (F8) utilized 40% Tween 80 and 20% PEG 400, achieving a transmittance value of 94.083 ± 0.016%. The optimum nanoemulgel (F8b) incorporated 0.8% Carbopol 940 as a gelling agent. Physical characterization of F8b revealed a clear yellow-green, homogeneous appearance, pH 6.10 ± 0.04, viscosity 6232 ± 53.78 cPs with pseudoplastic flow, and a spreadability of 6.0 ± 0.06 cm. The preparation proved thermodynamically stable through heating-cooling and freeze-thaw tests. In conclusion, the sembung leaf ethanol extract nanoemulgel meets the physical parameters required for topical preparations. Abstrak. Daun sembung (Blumea balsamifera L.) mengandung senyawa flavonoid yang berpotensi sebagai antioksdian untuk menagkal radikal bebas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh formula optimum nanoemulsi melalui desain factorial 2² dan memformulasikannya menjadi sediaan nanoemulgel. Ekstrak diperoleh melalui maserasi etanol 70% dengan rendemen 17,71% dan kadar flavonoid total 35,1 mgQE/g. optimasi nanoemulsi menggunakan minyak zaitun sebagai fase minyak dengan variasi konsentrasi Tween 80 dan PEG 400. Hasil penelitian menunjukan formula nanoemulsi optimum (F8) menggunakan 40% Tween 80 dan 20% PEG 400 dengan nilai transmitansi 94,083 0,016%. Sediaan nanoemulgel optimum (F8b) menggunakan 0,8% karbopol 940 sebagai gelling agent. Karakteristik fisik sediaan F8 (b) menunjukan penampilan jernih kuning-kehijauan, homogen, pH 6,10 0,04, viskos…
creator: Wulandari Sri Wijaya
creator: Budi Prabowo Soewondo
creator: Hanifa Rahma
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-03
publication date: 2026-08-03
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.25293

Skrining Fitokimia, Karakterisasi Simplisia dan Analisis Profil KLT Ekstrak Ceri Barbados
type: item
description: Abstract. Barbados cherry leaves (Malpighia glabra L.) are a plant that has the potential to be developed as a raw material for traditional medicine because they contain various secondary metabolites. This study aims to characterize the crude drug, phytochemical screening, and thin layer chromatography (TLC) profile analysis of barbados cherry leaf extract. The crude drug characterization was carried out according to the Indonesian Herbal Pharmacopoeia. Phytochemical screening was carried out qualitatively using specific reagents, while the extract was analyzed using TLC on silica gel GF₂₅₄ plates. The characterization results showed that the crude drug met the quality parameters, namely water content of 8.5%, drying loss of 9.902%, total ash content of 12.628%, acid-insoluble ash content of 2.112%, water-soluble extract content of 21.187%, and ethanol-soluble extract content of 21.577%. Phytochemical screening showed undetectable compounds, namely alkaloids. TLC profile analysis showed differences in spot patterns between extracts according to the level of solvent polarity. The results of the study showed that the simplicia and extract of Barbados cherry leaves have characteristics that can be used as initial data in the standardization and identification of the chemical content of plants. Abstrak. Daun ceri barbados (Malpighia glabra L.) merupakan tanaman yang berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai bahan baku obat tradisional karena mengandung berbagai metabolit sekunder. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan karakterisasi simplisia, skrining fitokimia, dan analisis profil kromatografi lapis tipis (KLT) ekstrak daun ceri barbados. Karakterisasi simplisia dilakukan sesuai Farmakope Herbal Indonesia. Skrining fitokimia dilakukan secara kualitatif menggunakan pereaksi spesifik, sedangkan ekstrak dianalisis menggunakan KLT pada lempeng silika gel GF₂₅₄. Hasil karakterisasi menunjukkan bahwa simplisia memenuhi parameter mutu, yakni kadar air 8,5%, susut pengeringan 9,902%,…
creator: Shakira Rida Utami
creator: Dadang Juanda
creator: Umi Yuniarni
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-03
publication date: 2026-08-03
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.25304

Studi Literatur: Potensi Ekstrak Daun Kelor sebagai Terapi Topikal Luka Bakar
type: item
description: Abstract. Burn injuries are a type of tissue damage that require appropriate treatment to accelerate the healing process. Moringa leaves (Moringa oleifera Lam.) contain various bioactive compounds that may contribute to tissue regeneration during wound healing. Moringa oleifera Lam. (moringa) leaf is widely reported to contain flavonoids, tannins, saponins, alkaloids, and phenolic compounds with antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory activity that support tissue regeneration. This study aims to map and synthesize scientific evidence on the potential of moringa leaf extract in various pharmaceutical dosage forms for burn wound therapy. A narrative literature review method was used, tracing national and international journal articles published between 2016 and 2026. The results show that moringa leaf extract has been formulated into ointments, creams, gels/hydrogels, and biocellulose patches, with effective concentrations generally ranging from 2.5% to 15%, and that its healing activity is associated with increased VEGF expression, TGF-β1 modulation, collagen deposition, and suppression of the inflammatory phase. It is concluded that moringa leaf extract shows strong and consistent potential as a natural active ingredient for burn wound care and merits further clinical development. Abstrak. Luka bakar merupakan jenis kerusakan jaringan yang harus ditangani secara tepat guna mempercepat proses penyembuhan. Daun kelor (Moringa oleifera Lam.) mengandung beberapa senyawa bioaktif yang dapat mempengaruhi proses regenerasi jaringan pada luka. Daun kelor (Moringa oleifera Lam.) dilaporkan secara luas mengandung flavonoid, tanin, saponin, alkaloid, dan senyawa fenolik dengan aktivitas antioksidan, antimikroba, dan anti-inflamasi yang mendukung regenerasi jaringan. Penelitian ini bertujuan memetakan dan mensintesis bukti ilmiah mengenai potensi ekstrak daun kelor dalam berbagai bentuk sediaan farmasi untuk terapi luka bakar. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi litera…
creator: Amelia Agustin
creator: Bambang Tri Laksono
creator: Arlina Prima Putri
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-03
publication date: 2026-08-03
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.25323

Formulasi Gummy Candy Mengandung Cuka Apel
type: item
description: Abstract. Apple cider vinegar is a fermented product containing acetic acid and polyphenolic compounds with potential application as an active ingredient in nutraceutical dosage forms. However, its characteristic sour taste and aroma may reduce consumer acceptability, necessitating the development of a more palatable dosage form such as gummy candy. This study aimed to obtain the optimum formulation of apple cider vinegar gummy candy through optimization of the gelling agent composition based on physical and textural evaluations. Four formulations (F1–F4) with different gelatin and pectin concentrations were prepared and evaluated for organoleptic properties, homogeneity, moisture content, pH, weight uniformity, stability, and Texture Profile Analysis (TPA). All formulations produced homogeneous gummy candies with a heart shape, pink color, characteristic apple aroma, and sweet taste. Formula 2 was selected as the optimum formulation, exhibiting a moisture content of 19.38%, pH of 4.15 ± 0.0082, an average weight of 1.5700 ± 0.0602 g, stability under cool and room-temperature storage, and favorable textural properties, including hardness of 224.58 gForce, adhesiveness of −6.63 g·s, gumminess of 233.66 gForce, and chewiness of 8614.87 gForce. These findings indicate that Formula 2 possesses suitable physical and textural characteristics for an apple cider vinegar gummy candy formulation. Abstrak. Cuka apel merupakan produk fermentasi yang mengandung asam asetat dan senyawa polifenol sehingga berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai bahan aktif dalam sediaan nutraseutikal. Namun, rasa dan aroma khas cuka apel dapat memengaruhi penerimaan konsumen sehingga diperlukan inovasi sediaan yang lebih praktis, salah satunya dalam bentuk gummy candy. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh formula optimum gummy candy yang mengandung cuka apel melalui optimasi komposisi gelling agent berdasarkan evaluasi karakteristik fisik dan tekstur. Optimasi dilakukan menggunakan empat formula (F1-…
creator: Salsa Meika Pramudita
creator: Gita Cahya Eka Darma
creator: Fetri Lestari
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-03
publication date: 2026-08-03
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.25319

Formulasi Face Mist Fraksi Daun Kelor (Moringa Oleifera Lam.) dan Uji Antioksidan
type: item
description: Abstract. Moringa leaves (Moringa oleifera L.) contain bioactive compounds with potential as antioxidants, making them suitable for development into a face mist. This study aimed to formulate a face mist preparation from the ethyl acetate fraction of moringa leaves that meets quality evaluation requirements, as well as to determine its antioxidant activity using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. The research was conducted through the preparation of simplicia, standardization of simplicia, extraction using the maceration method with 96% ethanol, fractionation via liquid-liquid extraction, formulation of face mist with ethyl acetate fraction concentrations of 0,1%(F1), 0,5%(F2), 1%(F3), quality evaluation of the preparations including organoleptic testing. homogeneity, pH, spray spreadability, and specific gravity, as well as antioxidant testing using the DPPH method with vitamin C as a comparator. The results showed that all formulas met the quality requirements for the preparation. The IC50 value of vitamin C was 4.08 ppm, while F1, F2, and F3 had IC50 values of 92,146 ppm; 80,4515 ppm; and 66,4109 ppm, respectively. All three formulas exhibited strong antioxidant activity, with F3 showing the highest antioxidant activity due to its lowest IC50 value. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the face mist formulated from the ethyl acetate fraction of moringa leaves was successfully developed, met the quality requirements for the preparation, and possessed strong antioxidant activity. Abstrak. Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera Lam.) mengandung senyawa bioaktif yang berpotensi sebagai antioksidan sehingga dapat dikembangkan menjadi face mist. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memformulasikan sediaan face mist fraksi etil asetat daun kelor yang memenuhi persyaratan evaluasi mutu serta mengetahui aktivitas antioksidannya menggunakan metode 2,2-difenil-1-pikrilhidrazil (DPPH).Penelitian dilakukan melalui pembuatan simplisia, standarisasi simplisia, ekstraksi…
creator: Casilda Athaya Ruzaira
creator: Purwaeni Purwaeni
creator: Yani Lukmayani
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-03
publication date: 2026-08-03
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.25330

Karakterisasi Simplisia dan Ekstrak Daun Kemangi dari Daerah Cihanjuang Kabupaten Bandung
type: item
description: Abstract. Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease that often causes skin wound complications with delayed healing due to hyperglycemia and chronic inflammation, necessitating standardized and accessible medicinal raw materials. Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) is known to be rich in secondary metabolites with potential wound-healing properties. This study aimed to characterize the specific and non-specific parameters of basil leaf simplicia and ethanol extract from Cihanjuang, West Bandung Regency, as a candidate raw material for wound-healing preparations. The study was conducted experimentally in the laboratory using simplicia and extract obtained through maceration with 96% ethanol. Evaluations included specific parameters (organoleptic, water-soluble, and ethanol-soluble extract content) and non-specific parameters (water content, drying shrinkage, total ash, acid-insoluble ash, and specific gravity), along with phytochemical screening. The results showed that the simplicia and extract met most requirements of the Indonesian Herbal Pharmacopoeia, with water-soluble extract content of 18.67%, ethanol-soluble extract content of 9.96%, water content of 5.25%, drying shrinkage of 5.89%. Phytochemical screening confirmed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, terpenoids, as well as monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes. However, total ash and acid-insoluble ash content exceeded the limits, presumably due to soil and dust contamination. Thus, basil from Cihanjuang shows potential as a standardized raw material, although improvements in the washing process and further in vivo activity tests are recommended. Abstrak. Diabetes melitus merupakan penyakit metabolik kronis yang sering menyebabkan komplikasi luka kulit dengan proses penyembuhan tertunda akibat hiperglikemia dan inflamasi kronis, sehingga diperlukan bahan baku obat yang terstandar dan mudah diakses. Tanaman kemangi (Ocimum basilicum L.) dikenal kaya akan metabolit sekunder yang berpotensi men…
creator: Bagas Hadi Panoreh
creator: Siti Hazar
creator: Bambang Tri Laksono
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-03
publication date: 2026-08-03
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.25180

Efektivitas Antibiotik terhadap Parameter Klinis Pasien Pneumonia Pediatri di RSUD Bandung Kiwari
type: item
description: Abstract. Pneumonia is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity in children worldwide. The success of antibiotic therapy in patients with pneumonia is assessed not only by bacterial eradication but also by improvements in clinical parameters such as respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, and body temperature. This study aims to determine which antibiotics tend to be effective based on changes in these clinical parameters in pediatric pneumonia patients. The study used a descriptive observational design with a retrospective cross-sectional approach based on medical records of pediatric pneumonia patients who met the inclusion criteria. A total of 40 patients met the study criteria. All antibiotic regimens showed improvement in clinical parameters during the treatment period. The greatest reduction in respiratory rate was observed with the ceftriaxone regimen followed by azithromycin, with an average decrease of 17 breaths per minute. The greatest increase in oxygen saturation was achieved with the combination of cefotaxime and gentamicin, at 17%. The greatest reduction in body temperature occurred with the combination of levofloxacin and azithromycin, at 3.1°C. Nevertheless, cefotaxime monotherapy showed the most consistent trend of effectiveness across all clinical parameters, marked by a reduction in respiratory rate of 8.6 breaths/minute, an increase in oxygen saturation of 6.7%, and a reduction in body temperature of 2.0°C, Thus, it has the potential to be one of the effective regimens for the management of pediatric pneumonia; however, its use must still take the patient’s clinical condition into account. Abstrak. Pneumonia merupakan salah satu penyebab mortalitas dan morbiditas pada anak di seluruh dunia. Keberhasilan terapi antibiotik pada pasien pneumonia tidak hanya dinilai dari eradikasi bakteri, tetapi juga melalui perbaikan parameter klinis seperti frekuensi napas, saturasi oksigen, dan suhu tubuh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan antib…
creator: Nurul Azmi Fatarani
creator: Fetri Lestari
creator: Suwendar Suwendar
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-03
publication date: 2026-08-03
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.25403

Profil Simplisia dan Ekstrak Kulit Nanas dari Daerah Subang dengan Metode Maserasi
type: item
description: Abstract. Pineapple peel (Ananas comosus L.) is an agricultural waste product containing various secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and polyphenols as well as the enzyme bromelain, all of which have potential as raw materials for traditional medicines. This study aimed to obtain a profile of pineapple peel extract from the Subang region using the maceration method. Pineapple peel simplisia (dried raw material) was extracted with ethanol, followed by extract characterization involving organoleptic assessment, specific gravity determination, and phytochemical screening. The characterization results indicated that the extract met physical quality standards and contained secondary metabolites specifically flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and polyphenols capable of providing antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and wound-healing activities. The maceration method was selected for its ability to preserve the stability of thermolabile compounds and yield an extract with a high content of active compounds. Based on these findings, pineapple peel extract holds potential for further development as a raw material for pharmaceutical preparations or natural-based health products. Abstrak. Kulit nanas (Ananas comosus L.) merupakan limbah pertanian yang masih mengandung berbagai senyawa metabolit sekunder, seperti flavonoid, saponin, tanin, polifenol, serta enzim bromelin yang berpotensi dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku obat tradisional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh profil ekstrak kulit nanas yang berasal dari daerah Subang melalui metode maserasi. Simplisia kulit nanas diekstraksi menggunakan metode maserasi dengan pelarut etanol, kemudian dilakukan karakterisasi ekstrak meliputi pengamatan organoleptik, penetapan bobot jenis, dan skrining fitokimia. Hasil karakterisasi menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak memiliki karakteristik fisik yang memenuhi persyaratan serta mengandung senyawa metabolit sekunder berupa flavonoid, saponin, tanin, dan polifenol yang berpo…
creator: Ira Kartika
creator: Arlina Prima Putri
creator: Bambang Tri Laksono
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-03
publication date: 2026-08-03
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.25582

Validasi Metode KCKT Bahan Kimia Obat (BKO) pada Jamu Antidiabetes
type: item
description: Abstract. Natural medicine is an Indonesian cultural heritage that has been used for generations as an alternative treatment for various diseases. One form of natural medicine that is widely consumed by the community is herbal medicine. This study aims to identify and determine the chemical content of glibenclamide in antidiabetic herbal medicine circulating in Bogor Regency using Thin Layer Chromatography and High Performance Liquid Chromatography methods, as well as to validate the High Performance Liquid Chromatography analysis method. A total of 8 antidiabetic herbal medicine samples were obtained from several herbal medicine shops in Bogor Regency. Qualitative analysis was carried out using Thin Layer Chromatography, while quantitative analysis was carried out using High Performance Liquid Chromatography. The results of Thin Layer Chromatography showed that sample G had Rf values of 0.44; 0.50; and 0.45 in three repetitions. The High Performance Liquid Chromatography method used has met all validation parameters, including linearity, accuracy, precision, selectivity, limit of detection, limit of quantitation, and system suitability, so it is declared valid for determining glibenclamide levels. Quantitative analysis results showed glibenclamide levels in sample G of 2,046%; 2,023%; and 2,072%, with an average concentration of 2,047%. Of the eight samples analyzed, one sample was identified as containing glibenclamide. Abstrak. Obat bahan alam merupakan warisan budaya Indonesia yang telah digunakan secara turun-temurun sebagai alternatif pengobatan berbagai penyakit. Salah satu bentuk obat bahan alam yang banyak dikonsumsi masyarakat adalah jamu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan menentukan kadar bahan kimia obat glibenklamid dalam jamu antidiabetes yang beredar di Kabupaten Bogor menggunakan metode Kromatografi Lapis Tipis dan Kromatografi Cair Kinerja Tinggi, serta memvalidasi metode analisis Kromatografi Cair Kinerja Tinggi. Sebanyak 8 sampel…
creator: Syira Nasifa Ramadhiani
creator: Farendina Suarantika
creator: Hilda Aprilia
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-03
publication date: 2026-08-03
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.25358

Kajian Literatur Aktivitas Antioksidan Emulsi Mengandung Minyak Biji Raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.)
type: item
description: Abstract. Raspberry seed oil (Rubus idaeus L.) is a natural ingredient with antioxidant potential that can be formulated into an emulsion system to support its use in pharmaceutical and cosmetic preparations. This article aims to examine the antioxidant activity of emulsions containing raspberry seed oil, with a focus on the Inhibitory Concentration 50 (IC₅₀) value, using a narrative-descriptive approach based on scientific articles from 2019–2026 obtained through Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect. The literature analyzed includes studies on the antioxidant activity of raspberry seed oil as well as emulsion or nanoemulsion systems containing raspberry seed oil. The results of the study show that raspberry seed oil exhibits varying levels of antioxidant activity, both in its pure form and after being incorporated into emulsion systems. Differences in antioxidant activity and IC₅₀ values are influenced by oil concentration, formulation characteristics, formula composition, testing methods, sample preparation and testing conditions. The emulsion system may potentially affect the antioxidant activity of raspberry seed oil, but comparisons of IC₅₀ values across studies are still limited by differences in methods and experimental conditions. Therefore, standardization of testing methods is necessary to obtain more accurate comparisons of antioxidant activity. Abstrak. Minyak biji raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) merupakan bahan alam yang berpotensi sebagai antioksidan dan dapat dikembangkan dalam sistem emulsi untuk mendukung penggunaannya dalam sediaan farmasi dan kosmetik. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji aktivitas antioksidan emulsi mengandung minyak biji raspberry dengan fokus pada nilai Inhibitory Concentration 50 (IC₅₀) serta faktor yang memengaruhi perbedaan aktivitas antioksidan. Kajian literatur dilakukan secara naratif-deskriptif terhadap artikel ilmiah tahun 2019–2026 yang diperoleh melalui Google Scholar, PubMed, dan ScienceDirect. Literatur yang dianal…
creator: Elfitri Nurhaliza
creator: Arlina Prima Putri
creator: Hanifa Rahma
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-03
publication date: 2026-08-03
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.25515

Ekstraksi Dan Identifikasi Enzim Bromelin dari Bonggol dan Mahkota Nanas
type: item
description: Abstract. Bromelin enzyme is a protease enzyme contained in the pineapple plant (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.) and has various benefits in the fields of food, pharmaceuticals, and biotechnology. Pineapple humps and crowns are agricultural waste that still has the potential to be a source of bromelin so that it can be used to increase the added value of organic waste. This study aims to extract bromelin enzymes from pineapple humps and crowns using the NaCl salt precipitation method followed by dialysis and qualitatively identify the protein content using the Lowry method. The results showed that the highest yield of hump extract was obtained at a concentration of NaCl of 35% of 0.577%, while the highest yield of crown extract was obtained at a concentration of NaCl of 30% of 0.054%. The qualitative test of the Lowry method showed positive results on the entire extract with NaCl concentrations of 30%, 35%, and 40%, which was characterized by a change in the color of the solution to blue after incubation for 30 minutes. These results confirm the presence of protein content in bromelin extract from pineapple humps and crowns. Based on the results of the study, both parts of the pineapple plant have the potential to be used as a source of bromelin enzymes and increase the added value of agricultural waste. Abstrak. Enzim bromelin merupakan enzim protease yang terkandung dalam tanaman nanas (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.) dan memiliki berbagai manfaat di bidang pangan, farmasi, dan bioteknologi. Bonggol dan mahkota nanas merupakan limbah pertanian yang masih berpotensi sebagai sumber bromelin sehingga dapat dimanfaatkan untuk meningkatkan nilai tambah limbah organik. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengekstraksi enzim bromelin dari bonggol dan mahkota nanas menggunakan metode presipitasi garam NaCl yang dilanjutkan dengan dialisis serta mengidentifikasi kandungan protein secara kualitatif menggunakan metode Lowry. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rendemen tertinggi ekstrak bonggol d…
creator: Luthfi Maulana Firmasnyah
creator: Farendina Suarantika
creator: Taufik Muhammad Fakih
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-03
publication date: 2026-08-03
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.25490

Formulasi Sediaan Topikal Berbasis Kolagen Ikan untuk Penyembuhan Luka: Kajian Sistematis Literatur
type: item
description: Abstract. Fish collagen is a promising biomaterial for use as an active ingredient in topical formulations for wound healing due to its good biocompatibility and sustainable origin. This study aimed to analyze the physical characteristics of various fish collagen-based topical formulations, evaluate their effectiveness in promoting wound healing, and compare the relationship between formulation type and wound-healing efficacy. A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Literature searches were performed in PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, DOAJ, SINTA, and Garuda databases for articles published between 2017 and 2026, with the final search conducted on July 30, 2026. Based on the predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, five preclinical studies were selected and analyzed narratively. The findings showed that the formulations included collagen gels, ointments, and sponges. All formulations demonstrated potential to support wound healing in preclinical models, although their effectiveness varied depending on the collagen source, concentration, formulation base, wound model, and evaluation parameters. Therefore, fish collagen-based topical formulations have considerable potential as alternative biomaterials for wound healing. However, more standardized preclinical studies and human clinical trials are required to confirm their efficacy and safety. Abstrak. Kolagen ikan merupakan biomaterial yang berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai bahan aktif dalam sediaan topikal untuk penyembuhan luka karena memiliki biokompatibilitas yang baik dan berasal dari sumber yang berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis karakteristik fisik berbagai formulasi sediaan topikal berbasis kolagen ikan, mengevaluasi efektivitasnya dalam mendukung penyembuhan luka, serta membandingkan hubungan antara jenis formulasi dan efektivitas penyembuhan luka. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan metode Systematic Literature Review (SLR) yang…
creator: Putri Aulia Febriati
creator: Vinda Maharani Particia
creator: Suwendar Suwendar
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-03
publication date: 2026-08-03
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.25677

Optimasi Sintesis Nanopartikel Tembaga Menggunakan Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kelor sebagai Bioreduktor
type: item
description: Abstract. Moringa leaves (Moringa oleifera) are a natural source of bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, polyphenols, and other secondary metabolites that have the potential to serve as bioreducing agents in the synthesis of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs). This study aims to investigate the potential of moringa leaf (Moringa oleifera) ethanol extract as a reducing agent in the green chemistry process for copper nanoparticles and to determine the physicochemical characteristics of the resulting copper nanoparticles (CuNPs). The synthesis of CuNPs was carried out by reacting the ethanol extract of Moringa leaves and the precursor solution CuSO4.5H2O at a ratio of 8:2 using a precursor concentration of 0.2M, then reacted at a temperature of 60°C for 3 hours. The formation of nanoparticles was observed through changes in the solution’s color and then analyzed using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Particle size characterization was performed using a particle size analyzer (PSA). The results of the study showed that ethanol extract of moringa leaves is capable of reducing Cu2+ ions into copper nanoparticles, as indicated by a color change and the formation of a UV-Vis absorption peak characteristic of nanoparticles at 651 nm, which indicates the formation of CuNPs. PSA analysis revealed a particle size of 153 nm with a PDI value of 0.2, indicating a relatively homogeneous particle size distribution. The FTIR results showed a shift in the C-H, C=O, C=C, and C-O indicating the involvement of bioactive compounds from the ethanol extract of moringa leaves in the reduction process of CuNPs. Abstrak. Daun kelor (Moringa oleifera) merupakan salah satu bahan alam yang mengandung senyawa bioaktif seperti flavonoid, polifenol dan metabolit sekunder lainnya yang dapat berpotensi sebagai agen bioreduktor dalam sintesis nanopartikel tembaga (CuNPs). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat potensi ekstrak etanol daun kelor (Moringa oleifera) sebagai agen pereduksi dalam proses green chemis…
creator: Wafa Laily Anggraini
creator: Hilda Aprilia Wisnuwardhani
creator: Yani Lukmayani
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-03
publication date: 2026-08-03
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.25685

Studi In Silico Profil ADME dan Drug-Likeness Senyawa Bioaktif Pegagan (Centella asiatica L.) terhadap Potensi Terapi Alzheimer
type: item
description: Abstract. Alzheimer’s disease is a complex neurodegenerative disorder involving several pathological mechanisms, including β-amyloid accumulation, tau hyperphosphorylation, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, neuronal apoptosis, and impaired signal transduction. Pegagan (Centella asiatica L.) contains bioactive compounds that are considered to have neuroprotective potential. This study aimed to analyze the potential of active compounds from Centella asiatica against Alzheimer’s disease using network pharmacology and molecular docking approaches. Compound data were collected from KNApSAcK, IMPPAT, and NPASS databases, followed by analysis using PubChem, SwissADME, SwissTargetPrediction, GeneCards, STRING, Cytoscape, CytoHubba, and molecular docking. A total of 160 bioactive compounds were obtained, and 31 compounds met the criteria for drug-likeness, bioavailability, and blood-brain barrier permeability. Target prediction of selected compounds identified 528 proteins, while Alzheimer’s disease-related targets from GeneCards consisted of 15,256 proteins, resulting in 431 overlapping targets. Further analysis identified PIK3CA, PIK3CB, PIK3CD, JAK2, and PTPN11 as the main protein targets. Molecular docking results showed that Mol29, namely Phaseollinisoflavan, had the best affinity toward PTPN11 with a binding affinity value of -9,13 kcal/mol. These results suggest that Centella asiatica has potential as an Alzheimer’s disease therapy candidate through multitarget and multipathway mechanisms based on in silico analysis. Abstrak. Penyakit Alzheimer merupakan gangguan neurodegeneratif kompleks yang melibatkan berbagai mekanisme patologis, seperti akumulasi β-amiloid, hiperfosforilasi tau, stres oksidatif, neuroinflamasi, apoptosis neuron, dan gangguan transduksi sinyal. Pegagan (Centella asiatica L.) diketahui memiliki senyawa bioaktif yang berpotensi memberikan aktivitas neuroprotektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis potensi senyawa aktif Centella asiatica…
creator: Muhamad Inzaghi Divi Wijaya
creator: Taufik Muhammad Fakih
creator: Ibnu Dharsono Faizal
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-03
publication date: 2026-08-03
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.25682

Isolasi Senyawa Flavonoid Berpotensi sebagai Antioksidan dari Rimpang Renggak (Amomum Dealbatum Roxb.)
type: item
description: Abstract. Excessive free radicals can induce oxidative stress, which contributes to the development of various degenerative diseases. Renggak (Amomum dealbatum Roxb.) has the potential to serve as a natural source of antioxidants due to its flavonoid content. This study aimed to isolate flavonoids with potential antioxidant activity and to perform the preliminary characterization of the obtained isolate. Extraction was carried out by maceration using 96% ethanol, followed by liquid–liquid extraction (LLE) for fractionation. Separation was performed using Vacuum Liquid Chromatography (VLC) and Classical Column Chromatography (CCC). Flavonoids were identified using 5% AlCl₃ as a spray reagent, while antioxidant activity was evaluated using 0.2% DPPH. Purification was conducted by preparative Thin-Layer Chromatography (TLC), and purity was confirmed using one-dimensional and two-dimensional TLC analyses. The results showed that the crude extract yield was 10.59%. The ethyl acetate fraction produced the highest yield (31.98%) and demonstrated the presence of flavonoids as well as an tioxidant activity. The isolated compound exhibited an Rf value of 0.50 using a chloroform–methanol (16:1) mobile phase and gave positive reactions with both 5% AlCl₃ and 0.2% DPPH spray reagents. UV–Visible spectrophotometric characterization revealed maximum absorption wavelengths at 337 nm (Band I) and 276 nm (Band II). These findings indicate that the isolate belongs to the flavonoid class and possesses antioxidant activity. Abstrak. Radikal bebas yang berlebihan dapat menyebabkan stres oksidatif yang berkontribusi terhadap berbagai penyakit degeneratif. Tanaman renggak (Amomum dealbatum Roxb.) berpotensi menjadi sumber antioksidan alami karena mengandung flavonoid. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengisolasi flavonoid yang berpotensi sebagai antioksidan serta melakukan karakterisasi awal terhadap isolat yang diperoleh. Ekstraksi dilakukan dengan metode maserasi menggunakan etanol 96%, fraksina…
creator: Roza Kholila Rosyada
creator: Kiki Mulkiya Yuliawati
creator: Dadang Juanda
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-03
publication date: 2026-08-03
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.25687

Variasi Kadar Albumin Ikan Gabus (Channa Striata) : Kajian Sistematis Literatur
type: item
description: Abstract. Snakehead fish (Channa striata) has potential as a natural albumin source for medical and nutraceutical purposes; however, reported albumin levels show wide variations. This Systematic Literature Review was conducted following PRISMA 2020 guidelines through searches in PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar until July 31, 2026. From 8 articles meeting the inclusion criteria, albumin levels were reported in various units and calculation bases. In studies using percentage units (n=5), albumin levels ranged from 0.73% to 21.09%, while other studies reported in mg/g (107.28 mg/g) and mg/10g (226 mg/10g) with different calculation bases, making these figures not directly comparable. Centrifugation was the most dominant method (five articles) but showed the widest disparities due to differences in pre-centrifugation protocols. Fractionation (Cohn Process) reported the highest level (21.09%), while steaming yielded the lowest (0.73%) due to thermal denaturation. Critical factors affecting albumin levels include solvent type and pH, thermal treatment, determination methods (Biuret, Bradford-BSA, Lowry, Kjeldahl), and the use of BSA standard which may cause bias due to molecular weight differences with snakehead fish albumin. Level variations more reflect methodological differences than technical superiority of a method. Future studies are recommended to report at minimum the type and concentration of solvent, sample-solvent ratio, pH, temperature and duration, centrifugation parameters in ×g units, determination method and standard used, as well as units and calculation basis explicitly. Abstrak. Ikan gabus (Channa striata) berpotensi sebagai sumber albumin alami untuk keperluan medis dan nutraseutikal, namun kadar albumin yang dilaporkan menunjukkan variasi sangat luas. Systematic Literature Review ini dilakukan mengikuti pedoman PRISMA 2020 melalui pencarian pada PubMed, ScienceDirect, dan Google Scholar hingga 31 Juli 2026. Dari 8 artikel yang memenuhi krite…
creator: Zhahra Fauzhia Yusup
creator: Vinda Maharani Patricia
creator: Dina Mulyanti
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-03
publication date: 2026-08-03
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.25697

Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Obat Kumur Ekstrak Kulit Rambutan terhadap Steptococcus Mutans
type: item
description: Abstract. One of the causes of dental caries is the growth of Streptococcus mutans. The use of mouthwash can help inhibit the growth of these bacteria. In this study, an antibacterial activity test was carried out on the ethanol extract of rambutan skin (Nephelium lappaceum L) and mouthwash preparations containing ethanol extract of rambutan skin. This antibacterial activity test was carried out using the diffusion method so that the method of subsidy. Antibacterial activity is shown by the presence of an obstruction diameter around the subsidy. The test concentrations used in this study were 5%, 10% and 20% ethanol extract of rambutan skin and mouthwash preparations of 10% and 20% of rambutan skin ethanol extract. And a chlorhexadine comparator of 0.2%. The results of the activity test showed that the extract and preparation of ethanol extract of rambutan skin had antibacterial activity with the largest inhibitory diameter in ethanol extract with a concentration of 20% of 6.59 mm and a 20% preparation with a diameter of 5.93 mm. Abstrak. Karies gigi masih menjadi salah satu penyakit infeksi yang terjadi dimasyarakat. Salah satu penyebab karies gigi adalah adanya pertumbuhan Streptococcus mutans. Penggunaan obat kumur dapat membantu menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri tersebut. Pada penilitian ini dilakukan uji aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol kulit rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L) dan sediaan obat kumur yang mengandung ekstrak etanol kulit rambutan. Uji aktivitas antibakteri ini dilakukan menggunakan metode difusi agar cara sumuran. Aktivitas antibakteri ditunjukan daengan adanya diameter hambat disekitar sumuran. Konsentrasi uji yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu ekstrak etanol kulit rambutan 5%, 10% dan 20% serta sediaan obat kumur ekstrak etanol kulit rambutan 10% dan 20%. Dan pembanding klorheksadin 0,2%. Hasil pengujian aktivitas menunjukan bahwa ekstrak maupun sediaan ekstrak etanol kulit rambutan memiliki aktivitas antibakteri dengan diameter hambat ter…
creator: Muhammad Fauzan Mutaqien
creator: Siti Hazar
creator: Fetri Lestari
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-03
publication date: 2026-08-03
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.25703

Formulasi Emulsi Minyak Kemiri dan Ekstrak Ginseng serta Uji Anti Oksidannya
type: item
description: Abstract. Candlenut oil and ginseng extract are natural ingredients containing bioactive compounds beneficial for health and cosmetic applications. This study aims to formulate a combination emulsion of candlenut oil (Aleurites moluccana (L.) Willd.) and ginseng extract (Panax quinquefolius), evaluate its physical properties, and test its antioxidant activity using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. Emulsion formulas were developed using different concentrations of Tween 80 and Span 80 as emulsifiers. Characterization of candlenut oil was analyzed using GC-MS, while ginseng extract was evaluated for organoleptic properties and pH. The preparations were evaluated for organoleptic traits, homogeneity, pH, viscosity, specific gravity, and antioxidant activity. Formula 3 demonstrated the best physical characteristics, exhibiting a milky white appearance, distinctive aroma, good homogeneity, a pH of 4.55, viscosity of 110.0 ± 1.0 cPs, and weight uniformity meeting pharmacological standards. The antioxidant test revealed strong activity with an IC50 value of 65.45 ppm and a maximum inhibition of 73.75% at 100 ppm. In conclusion, the combination emulsion of candlenut oil and ginseng extract possesses favorable physical stability and potent antioxidant capabilities. Abstrak. Minyak kemiri dan ekstrak ginseng merupakan dua bahan alami yang mengandung senyawa bioaktif berkhasiat untuk perawatan kesehatan dan kosmetik. Penelitian ini bertujuan memformulasikan sediaan emulsi kombinasi minyak kemiri (Aleurites moluccana (L.) Willd.) dan ekstrak ginseng (Panax quinquefolius), mengevaluasi sifat fisik sediaan, serta menguji aktivitas antioksidannya dengan metode 2,2-difenil-1-pikrilhidrazil (DPPH). Formula emulsi dibuat menggunakan variasi emulgator Tween 80 dan Span 80. Karakterisasi minyak kemiri dianalisis dengan GC-MS, sedangkan ekstrak ginseng dievaluasi organoleptis dan pH-nya. Evaluasi emulsi meliputi organoleptis, homogenitas, pH, viskositas, bobot jenis, dan…
creator: Defina Anggita Dwiyanti
creator: Gita Cahya Eka Darma
creator: Aulia Fikri Hidaya
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-03
publication date: 2026-08-03
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.25591

Profil Penggunaan Obat-Antituberkulosis dan Anti-Retroviral pada Pasien Tuberkulosis-HIV Periode 2024-2025
type: item
description: Abstract. Tuberculosis (TB) is an opportunistic infection that frequently occurs in patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), requiring concurrent treatment with antituberculosis drugs (OAT) and antiretroviral drugs (ARV). This study aims to describe the characteristics of patients as well as the usage profiles of OAT, ARVs, and supportive medications among TB-HIV patients at Hospital X during the 2024–2025 period. The study employed a descriptive observational method with a retrospective approach based on medical record data. The sample was obtained using total sampling and included 75 patients who met the study criteria. Descriptive analysis was performed using frequency distributions and percentages. The results showed that the majority of patients were male (73.33%), aged 18–59 years (98.67%), and had extrapulmonary TB (61.33%). All patients received fixed-dose combination anti-tuberculosis therapy (2RHZE/4RH). The most commonly used ARV regimen was Tenofovir/Lamivudine/Efavirenz (TLE) (65.33%), followed by Tenofovir/Lamivudine/Dolutegravir (TLD) (29.33%). The most frequently administered adjunctive medications were vitamin B6 (74.67%) and co-trimoxazole (72.00%). The study results indicate that the use of OAT and ARVs was in accordance with national guidelines, with vitamin B6 and co-trimoxazole being the most commonly used adjunctive therapies. Abstrak. Tuberkulosis (TB) merupakan infeksi oportunistik yang sering terjadi pada pasien Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), sehingga memerlukan terapi obat anti-tuberkulosis (OAT) dan antiretroviral (ARV) secara bersamaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menggambarkan karakteristik pasien serta profil penggunaan OAT, ARV, dan obat pendukung pada pasien TB-HIV di Rumah Sakit X periode 2024–2025. Penelitian menggunakan metode observasional deskriptif dengan pendekatan retrospektif berdasarkan data rekam medis. Sampel diperoleh menggunakan metode total sampling dan melibatkan 75 pasien yang memenuhi kriteria penelitian.…
creator: Dinda Shafa Nabila
creator: Bambang Tri Laksono
creator: Umi Yuniarni
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-03
publication date: 2026-08-03
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.25723

Efektivitas Analgesik dalam Manajemen Nyeri Tingkat Sedang Pasca Operasi Sectio Caesarea
type: item
description: Abstract. Postoperative pain following Caesarean section (CS) requires effective analgesic management to promote optimal recovery. This study aimed to identify the analgesic utilization profile and evaluate the effectiveness of analgesic combinations for postoperative pain management in patients undergoing CS at a regional public hospital in Bandung, Indonesia. An analytical observational study with a retrospective design was conducted using medical records of patients who met the inclusion criteria. Analgesic effectiveness was assessed by changes in the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) score during the first 24 hours after surgery. Data were analyzed using the Kolmogorov–Smirnov and Kruskal–Wallis tests. The results showed that the paracetamol–ketorolac combination was the most frequently prescribed regimen (110 patients; 81.5%), followed by paracetamol–tramadol (16 patients; 11.9%) and paracetamol–dexketoprofen (9 patients; 6.7%). Among patients with moderate pain, the paracetamol–dexketoprofen combination produced the greatest mean reduction in NRS score (Δ = 1.44). However, the Kruskal–Wallis test demonstrated no statistically significant difference in analgesic effectiveness among the three combinations in the moderate pain group (p > 0.05). These findings indicate that paracetamol–ketorolac, paracetamol–dexketoprofen, and paracetamol–tramadol provide comparable effectiveness for postoperative pain management after Caesarean section and may be selected according to patients' clinical conditions Abstrak. Nyeri pasca operasi Sectio Caesarea (SC) merupakan komplikasi yang memerlukan penatalaksanaan analgesik yang efektif untuk mendukung proses pemulihan pasien. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi profil penggunaan analgesik serta mengevaluasi efektivitas kombinasi analgesik dalam manajemen nyeri pasca operasi SC di salah satu RSUD Kota Bandung. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain observasional analitik dengan pendekatan retrospektif terhadap data rekam medis pasien …
creator: Silviya Nur Hasanah
creator: Fetri Lestari
creator: Umi Yuniarni
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-03
publication date: 2026-08-03
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.25640

Optimasi Sintesis Nanopartikel Tembaga (CuNPs) Menggunakan Bioreduktor Daun Katuk
type: item
description: Abstract. Synthesis of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) using green synthesis method is an environmentally friendly alternative that utilizes natural bioreductors from plants. This study aims to synthesize and characterize CuNPs by utilizing the secondary metabolite content of Sweet leaf bush extract (Sauropus androgynus(L.)Merr) such as flavonoids, polyphenols and saponins as reducing agents and stabilizers. The success of CuNPs formation is indicated by the results of UV-Vis spectrophotometry which shows a specific absorption peak of Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) at a wavelength of 653 nm. FTIR analysis shows a shift in the O-H functional group band to 3114.62cm-1 and the emergence of a new C-O band at 1095.46 cm-1, proving the attachment of phytochemical compounds to the surface of nanoparticles. Measurements using PSA produce an average particle size of 111.3 nm with an average PDI of 0.2132. The particle size exceeds the ideal range due to the high precursor concentration and the occurrence of slight aggregation. Based on the research results, the Sweet Leaf bushextract used still requires optimization to produce smaller nanoparticle sizes for CuNPs synthesis using the green synthesis method. Abstrak. Sintesis nanopartikel tembaga (CuNPs) menggunakan metode green synthesis menjadi alternatif yang ramah lingkungan yang memanfaatkan bioreduktor alami dari tumbuhan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mensintesis dan mengkarakterisasi CuNPs dengan memanfaatkan kandungan metabolit sekunder sari ekstrak daun katuk (Sauropus androgynus(L.)Merr) seperti flavonoid, polifenol dan saponin sebagai agen pereduksi sekaligus penstabil. Keberhasilan pembentukan CuNPs ditandai dengan hasil spektrofotometri UV-Vis yang menunjukkan puncak serapan spesifik Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) pada panjang gelombang 653 nm. Analisis FTIR menunjukkan pergeseran pita gugus fungsi O-H menjadi 3114,62cm-1 dan munculnya pita baru C-O pada 1095,46 cm-1, membuktikan keterikatan senyawa fitokimia pad…
creator: Nasywa Qurrotul Aini
creator: Hilda Aprilia Wisnuwardhani
creator: Bertha Rusdi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-03
publication date: 2026-08-03
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.25739

Formulasi Sheet Mask Bioselulosa Kulit Manggis (Garcinia Mangostana L.)
type: item
description: Abstract. Mangosteen peel can be utilized as a fermentation medium for bacterial cellulose production. Bacterial cellulose is a flexible biomaterial with high water-holding capacity and potential application as a sheet mask material. This study aimed to formulate mangosteen peel bacterial cellulose sheet mask and evaluate its physical characteristics. Bacterial cellulose was produced through static fermentation of 1 L mangosteen peel filtrate using Acetobacter xylinum for 12 days at 28–30°C. The obtained bacterial cellulose was purified using 0.1% NaOH at 70°C for 15 minutes and subsequently characterized. The results showed that mangosteen peel bacterial cellulose was colorless, odorless, and elastic, with a thickness of 0.28–0.29 mm and pH value of 7.05–7.06. The bacterial cellulose exhibited an average swelling capacity of 116%, tensile strength of 8.71 ± 0.26 MPa, and elongation of 26.29 ± 3.55%. These characteristics indicate that mangosteen peel bacterial cellulose has suitable physical properties as a sheet mask material. The formulation of bacterial cellulose sheet mask was successfully prepared, demonstrating good physical characteristics and potential for further development as a biomaterial-based cosmetic preparation. Abstrak. Kulit manggis dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai media fermentasi dalam produksi bioselulosa. Bioselulosa merupakan biomaterial fleksibel dengan kemampuan menahan air yang tinggi sehingga berpotensi digunakan sebagai bahan dasar sheet mask. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memformulasikan sheet mask bioselulosa kulit manggis (Garcinia mangostanaL.) serta mengevaluasi karakteristik fisiknya. Bioselulosa dibuat melalui proses fermentasi statis menggunakan 1 L filtrat kulit manggis dengan bantuan Acetobacter xylinum selama 12 hari pada suhu 28–30°C. Bioselulosa yang diperoleh kemudian dimurnikan menggunakan NaOH 0,1% pada suhu 70°C selama 15 menit dan dilakukan karakterisasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bioselulosa kulit manggis memiliki …
creator: Nur Hesti Puspita Sari
creator: Gita Cahya Eka Darma
creator: Hanifa Rahma
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-03
publication date: 2026-08-03
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.25741

Studi Literatur Potensi Ekstrak Jahe Merah sebagai Agen Antiinflamasi
type: item
description: Abstract: Inflammation is a physiological response to tissue injury or infection; however, prolonged inflammation contributes to the development of various chronic diseases. Long-term use of conventional anti-inflammatory drugs is associated with adverse effects, prompting the exploration of natural products as alternative therapeutic agents. Red ginger (Zingiber officinale var. rubrum) is a medicinal plant rich in bioactive compounds with promising anti-inflammatory properties. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of red ginger extract as an anti-inflammatory agent based on its phytochemical constituents, molecular mechanisms, and biological efficacy reported in previous studies. A literature review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines by searching articles from PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, Wiley Online Library, and Google Scholar. The collected data were analyzed using a narrative synthesis approach. The findings demonstrated that major bioactive compounds, including 6-gingerol, 6-shogaol, paradol, and zingerone, suppress inflammatory pathways such as NF-κB, MAPK, and PI3K/Akt, reduce the expression of COX-2, iNOS, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, and enhance antioxidant defense through the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Evidence from in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies indicates that red ginger effectively attenuates inflammatory responses. Therefore, red ginger extract has considerable potential as a phytopharmaceutical candidate for anti-inflammatory therapy, although further extract standardization and clinical studies are required. Abstrak: Inflamasi merupakan respons fisiologis tubuh terhadap cedera atau infeksi, namun inflamasi yang berlangsung berkepanjangan dapat memicu berbagai penyakit kronis. Penggunaan obat antiinflamasi konvensional dalam jangka panjang diketahui berpotensi menimbulkan efek samping sehingga mendorong pengembangan bahan alam sebagai alternatif terapi. Jahe merah (Zingiber officinale var. rubrum) merupakan tanaman obat ya…
creator: Jihram Achmad Fauzi Febrian
creator: Budi Prabowo Soewondo
creator: Ratih Aryani
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-03
publication date: 2026-08-03
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.25204

Profil Regimen Kemoterapi pada Pasien Kanker Paru Stadium III di RS X Periode 2023-2025
type: item
description: Abstract. The prescription of chemotherapy (cytostatic drugs) as the primary treatment for lung cancer must be carried out with caution and under close supervision. This study aims to determine the regimen proifle of chemotherapy to stage III lung cancer patients at X Hospital during the 2023–2025 period. The study was conducted as a descriptive observational study using a retrospective approach based on medical records of stage III lung cancer patients in the Inpatient Ward. . A total of 99 patients met the study criteria, with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) being the predominant type (92.9%). The Carboplatin–Paclitaxel regimen (45.5%) was found to be the most commonly used for NSCLC, while for Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC), it was the Etoposide–Carboplatin regimen (5.2%). The most commonly used supportive therapies included antiemetics, gastroprotectants, intravenous fluids and electrolytes, analgesics, corticosteroids, and bronchodilators. Abstrak. Peresepan kemoterapi (sitostatika) sebagai modalitas utama kanker paru harus dilakukan dengan kehati-hatian dan pengawasan ketat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui profil regimen kemoterapi pada pasien kanker paru stadium III di Instalasi Rawat Inap RS X periode 2023–2025. Penelitian dilakukan secara observasional deskriptif dengan pendekatan retrospektif berdasarkan data rekam medis pasien kanker paru stadium III di Instalasi Rawat Inap. Sebanyak 99 pasien memenuhi kriteria penelitian, dengan dominasi Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) (92,9%). Ditemukan Regimen kemoterapi Carboplatin - Paklitaksel (45,5%) paling banyak digunakan pada NSCLC, sedangkan pada Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC) adalah Etoposid Carboplatin (5,2%).. Terapi suportif yang paling banyak digunakan antara lain golongan antiemetik, gastroprotektor, cairan infus dan elektorlit, analgesik, koritkosteroid, serta bronkodilator.
creator: Adelia Nanda Maulana
creator: Suwendar Suwendar
creator: Bambang Tri Laksono
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-03
publication date: 2026-08-03
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.25747

Aktivitas Antelmintik Ekstrak Etanol dan Fraksi Daun Jarak Pagar secara In Vitro
type: item
description: Abstract. In Indonesia, helminth infection prevalence ranges from 2.5% to 62%, driven by tropical climate, high population density, and low hygiene awareness. This study aimed to evaluate the anthelmintic activity of Jatropha curcas L. leaf extracts and fractions against adult pig roundworms (Ascaris suum), and to determine the PC50 and LC50 values. An experimental laboratory study used negative controls (0.5% CMC-Na), positive controls (pyrantel pamoate and piperazine citrate), and test groups treated with ethanol leaf extract (5%,10%,15%,20% and 25% w/v), an ethanol:water fraction (1%, 2%,4% and 8% w/v), and n-hexane and ethyl acetate fractions (1% and 2% w/v). Results showed the ethanol extract possessed anthelmintic activity, producing spastic-type paralysis. The 10% extract induced 50% paralysis, while 20% and 25% caused 60% mortality; the 8% ethanol:water fraction induced 40% paralysis. PC50 values for male and female worms were 9.0240% and 7.4542%; LC50 values were 27.3401% and 21.3944%. The fraction gave PC50 values of 43.2713% male and 14.1840% female. Abstrak. Di Indonesia, prevalensi infeksi cacing berkisar antara 2,5% hingga 62%, yang dipengaruhi oleh iklim tropis, kepadatan penduduk yang tinggi, dan rendahnya kesadaran akan kebersihan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi aktivitas antelmintik ekstrak serta fraksi daun Jatropha curcas L. terhadap cacing Ascaris suum, serta menentukan nilai PC50 dan LC50. Penelitian eksperimental laboratorium ini menggunakan kontrol negatif (CMC-Na 0,5%), kontrol positif (pirantel pamoat dan piperazin sitrat), serta kelompok uji yang diberi perlakuan berupa ekstrak etanol daun (5%,10%,15%,20% dan 25% b/v), fraksi etanol-air (1%, 2%,4% and 8% b/v), serta fraksi n-heksana dan etil asetat (1% dan 2% b/v). Hasil menunjukkan ekstrak etanol memiliki aktivitas antelmintik dengan paralisis tipe spastik. Konsentrasi 10% menyebabkan paralisis 50%, sedangkan 20% dan 25% menyebabkan mortalitas 60%; fraksi etanol-air 8% menyeb…
creator: Tiara Hasya Juhara
creator: Suwendar Suwendar
creator: Siti Hazar
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-03
publication date: 2026-08-03
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.25765

Studi Literatur Lipbalm Ekstrak Daun Mangga dan CNC sebagai Fotoprotektor
type: item
description: Abstract. Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is one of the main environmental factors causing lip damage, including dryness, chapping, premature aging, and inflammation. Therefore, the development of lip balm containing natural photoprotective agents has become an important strategy to maintain lip health. This study aimed to review the potential of mango leaf (Mangifera indica L.) extract and cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) as photoprotective agents in lip balm formulations. This study employed a literature review method by analyzing scientific articles published between 2020 and 2025 from databases including Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, and MDPI. The reviewed literature indicates that mango leaf extract contains mangiferin, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, and tannins, which exhibit strong antioxidant activity and can reduce oxidative stress induced by UV radiation. Meanwhile, CNC improves the physical characteristics of lip balm formulations by enhancing stability, film-forming ability, and moisture retention while supporting photoprotection through light-scattering mechanisms. The combination of mango leaf extract and CNC demonstrates promising potential to produce lip balm formulations with improved photoprotective performance, good physical stability, and enhanced safety. Further experimental studies are required to determine the optimum formulation and evaluate its effectiveness through in vitro and in vivo testing. Abstrak. Radiasi ultraviolet (UV) merupakan salah satu faktor lingkungan yang dapat menyebabkan kerusakan pada bibir, seperti kekeringan, pecah-pecah, penuaan dini, dan inflamasi. Oleh karena itu, pengembangan lip balm yang mengandung bahan aktif fotoprotektor alami menjadi salah satu upaya untuk menjaga kesehatan bibir. Artikel ini bertujuan mengkaji potensi ekstrak daun mangga (Mangifera indica L.) dan Cellulose Nanocrystals (CNC) sebagai fotoprotektor dalam formulasi lip balm. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan metode studi literatur …
creator: Muhammad Gilang Ramadhan
creator: Arlina Prima Putri
creator: Gita Cahya Eka Darma
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-03
publication date: 2026-08-03
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.25830

Kajian Potensi ROTD Pasien TB-HIV di RS X Periode 2024-2025
type: item
description: Abstract. Tuberculosis (TB) and HIV co-infection increases the complexity of therapy because patients receive antituberculosis drugs (OAT) concurrently with antiretroviral therapy (ART) over a long period, thereby increasing the risk of Adverse Drug Reactions (ADR). This study aimed to determine the types and prevalence of potential ADR during therapy in TB-HIV patients. The study used a descriptive observational design with a cross-sectional approach, with data collected retrospectively from electronic medical records at Hospital X for the period 2024–2025, using a total sampling method based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. A total of 75 patients met the criteria, predominantly male (73.33%) and aged 18–59 years (98.67%), with pulmonary tuberculosis as the most com mon diagnosis (38.67%). All patients received first-line Fixed-Dose Combination (FDC) category-1 OAT, while the most commonly used ART regimen was TDF/3TC/EFV (65.33%). Of the 212 recorded ROTD events, the most frequently occurring were gastrointestinal disorders in the form of nausea and vomiting (20.57%), respiratory disorders in the form of cough (12.44%), and skin disorders in the form of itching (8.61%). These findings indicate that gastrointestinal, respiratory, and skin reactions are the most common adverse effects and require regular monitoring throughout combined TB-HIV therapy. Abstrak. Ko-infeksi tuberkulosis (TB) dan HIV meningkatkan kompleksitas terapi karena pasien mendapatkan obat antituberkulosis (OAT) secara bersamaan dengan terapi antiretroviral (ART) dalam jangka waktu panjang, sehingga meningkatkan risiko terjadinya Reaksi Obat Tidak Diinginkan (ROTD). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan jenis dan prevalensi potensi ROTD selama terapi pada pasien TB-HIV. Penelitian menggunakan desain observasional deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross sectional, data diambil secara retrospektif melalui e-rekam medis di RS X periode 2024–2025, dengan metode total sampling berdasarkan kriteria i…
creator: Annisa Nur Hasna Fauziyah
creator: Bambang Tri Laksono
creator: Umi Yuniarni
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-03
publication date: 2026-08-03
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.25853

Karakterisasi dan Identifikasi Minyak Cengkeh (Syzygium Aromaticum (L.) Merry. & L.M.Perry)
type: item
description: Abstract. Oral candidiasis is a fungal infection caused by Candida albicans. Clove oil (Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. & L.M. Perry) possesses antifungal activity with the potential for development as a pharmaceutical active ingredient. This study aimed to characterize the physical properties and identify the compounds present in clove oil (Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. & L.M. Perry) using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Physical characterization revealed that the clove oil was a yellow liquid with a characteristic clove odor and a specific gravity of 1.0419 ± 0.0002 g/mL. Compound identification via GC-MS showed that the clove oil contained several components: eugenol (16.63%), β-caryophyllene (2.15%), bornyl chloride (1.24%), benzene, (1-pentylhexyl)- (3.09%), and benzene, (1-ethylphenyl)- (5.89%). Based on these results, clove oil contains eugenol as the primary active compound responsible for its antifungal activity. Abstrak. Kandidiasis oral merupakan infeksi jamur yang disebabkan oleh Candida albicans. Minyak cengkeh (Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. & L.M. Perry) memiliki aktivitas antijamur yang berpotensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai bahan aktif farmasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan karakterisasi fisik dan identifiasi senyawa yang terkandung pada minyak cengkeh (Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merry. & L.M.Perry) menggunakan Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS). Hasil karakterisasi fisik menunjukan bahwa minyak cengkeh berupa cairan berwarna kuning, bau khas cengkeh dan bobot jenis sebesar 1,0419 ± 0,0002 g/mL. Hasil identifikasi senyawa menggunakan Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS) menunjukan bahwa minyak cengkeh mengandung beberapa komponen, yaitu eugenol sebesar 16,63%, β-caryophyllene sebesar 2,15%, bornyl chloride sebesar 1,24%, benzene, (1-pentylhexyl)-) sebesar 3,09%, benzene, (1-ethylphenyl-) sebesar 5,89%. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, minyak cengkeh mengandung eugenol sebagai senyawa aktif utama yang memiliki aktiv…
creator: Ratna Ayu
creator: Hanifa Rahma
creator: Ratih Aryani
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-03
publication date: 2026-08-03
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.25870

Identifikasi Hesperidin dan Skrining Lipid untuk Formulasi Nanostructured Lipid Carrier (NLC)
type: item
description: Abstract. Hesperidin is a flavanone glycoside belonging to the flavonoid group with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. However, its application is limited by its poor water solubility, resulting in low bioavailability. One approach to overcome this limitation is the formulation of a Nanostructured Lipid Carrier (NLC). This study aimed to identify hesperidin as the active compound and to perform lipid screening in order to determine the most suitable lipid combination as the matrix for NLC formulation. The study employed an experimental method. Hesperidin was identified through organoleptic evaluation based on its physical appearance, color, and odor. Lipid screening was carried out using various combinations of solid and liquid lipids by observing the solubility of hesperidin and the homogeneity of the lipid mixtures. The obtained data were analyzed descriptively. The identification results showed that hesperidin was a pale yellow to cream-colored crystalline powder with no odor. The lipid screening results demonstrated that the combination of Gelucire® 44/14 as the solid lipid and oleic acid as the liquid lipid produced a homogeneous mixture with good hesperidin solubilization capacity, making it the selected lipid matrix for NLC formulation. This study provides a scientific basis for selecting lipid components in the development of an NLC-based delivery system for hesperidin. Abstrak. Hesperidin merupakan senyawa flavonoid golongan flavanon glikosida yang memiliki aktivitas antioksidan dan antiinflamasi, namun pemanfaatannya dibatasi oleh kelarutan yang rendah dalam air sehingga bioavailabilitasnya kurang optimal. Salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan penghantaran hesperidin adalah melalui formulasi Nanostructured Lipid Carrier (NLC). Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi hesperidin sebagai bahan aktif serta melakukan skrining lipid untuk menentukan kombinasi lipid yang sesuai sebagai matriks formulasi NLC. Penelitian menggunakan metode eksperimental.…
creator: Erlin Julian Navisyah
creator: Taufik Muhammad Fakih
creator: Aulia Fikri Hidayat
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-03
publication date: 2026-08-03
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.26051

Formulasi Krim Perona Pipi Buah Buni dengan Penambahan Ko-Pigmen Minyak Argan
type: item
description: Abstract. The use of synthetic dyes in decorative cosmetics risks skin irritation, so safer natural colorants are needed. Buni fruit (Antidesma bunius (L.) Spreng) is rich in anthocyanin pigments that may act as a natural colorant and antioxidant, yet its colour stability remains a weakness. This study aimed to extract the pigment of ripe buni fruit and formulate it into a stable cream blush with argan oil (Argania spinosa L.) as a co-pigment. Ripe fruit (blackish purple) was macerated in 70% ethanol containing 10% citric acid, concentrated with a rotary evaporator, and freeze dried. Argan oil was identified through its specific gravity and refractive index. The extract was incorporated into an oil-in-water cream base at 1%, 3%, and 5%, then evaluated for organoleptic properties, homogeneity, pH, spreadability, viscosity, smearability, and physical stability over 14 days. Maceration produced an extract yield of 41.50%. The argan oil met the quality criteria with a specific gravity of 0.914 g/mL and a refractive index of 1.466. All formulas were homogeneous and easily applied, with viscosity stable between 400 and 500 cPs. Formula 3 containing 5% extract was selected as the best formula. Abstrak. Penggunaan pewarna sintetik pada kosmetik dekoratif berisiko memicu iritasi kulit sehingga diperlukan alternatif pewarna alami yang lebih aman. Buah buni (Antidesma bunius (L.) Spreng) kaya akan pigmen antosianin yang berpotensi sebagai pewarna alami sekaligus antioksidan, namun memiliki kelemahan pada stabilitas warna. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengekstrak pigmen buah buni fase matang serta memformulasikannya ke dalam sediaan krim perona pipi yang stabil dengan penambahan minyak argan (Argania spinosa L.) sebagai ko-pigmen. Buah fase matang (ungu kehitaman) dimaserasi menggunakan etanol 70% yang mengandung asam sitrat 10%, dipekatkan dengan rotary evaporator, lalu dikeringkan dengan metode freeze drying. Minyak argan diidentifikasi melalui pengujian bobot jenis dan indeks bi…
creator: Intan Permatasari
creator: Esti Rachmawati Sadiyah
creator: Hanifa Rahma
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-03
publication date: 2026-08-03
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.25966

Skrining Lipid untuk Pengembangan Nanostructured Lipid Carrier (NLC) Mengandung Hesperetin
type: item
description: Abstract. Hesperetin is a flavonoid compound with various pharmacological activities; however, its application is limited by its poor water solubility. One approach to overcome this limitation is the development of a Nanostructured Lipid Carrier (NLC)-based drug delivery system. This study aimed to perform lipid screening and formulate hesperetin into an NLC system, followed by the evaluation of its physicochemical characteristics. Lipid screening was conducted to determine the optimal combination of solid and liquid lipids with the best miscibility. Based on the screening results, glyceryl monostearate (GMS) was selected as the solid lipid and glyceryl stearate oil (oleum stearat) as the liquid lipid to form the lipid matrix. Subsequently, three NLC formulations with different lipid concentrations were prepared using Tween 80 as the surfactant through the hot homogenization method followed by sonication. The results demonstrated that the hesperetin-loaded NLC formulated with glyceryl monostearate and glyceryl stearate oil exhibited favorable physicochemical characteristics and showed potential as a drug delivery system to improve the stability and therapeutic effectiveness of hesperetin. Abstrak, Hesperetin merupakan senyawa flavonoid yang memiliki berbagai aktivitas farmakologis, namun pemanfaatannya terbatas karena kelarutan air yang rendah. Salah satu upaya untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut adalah melalui pengembangan sistem penghantaran obat berbasis Nanostructured Lipid Carrier (NLC). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan skrining lipid serta memformulasikan hesperetin dalam sistem NLC dan mengevaluasi karakteristik fisikokimianya. Skrining dilakukan untuk menentukan kombinasi lipid padat dan lipid cair yang memiliki ketercampuran terbaik. Berdasarkan hasil skrining, kombinasi gliseril monostearat (GMS) sebagai lipid padat dan oleum stearat sebagai lipid cair dipilih sebagai matriks lipid. Selanjutnya, dibuat tiga formula NLC dengan variasi konsentrasi …
creator: Aisya Rahma Fatimah
creator: Taufik Muhammad Fakih
creator: Aulia Fikri Hidayat
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-03
publication date: 2026-08-03
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.26087

Karakterisasi dan Skrining Fitokimia Simplisia dan Ekstrak Daun Kelor (Moringa Oleifera L.)
type: item
description: Abstract. Moringa leaves (Moringa oleifera L.) are a plant source rich in secondary metabolites. This study aimed to determine the quality of the crude drugs through characterization and to identify classes of secondary metabolites in both the crude drugs and the extract using phytochemical screening. Crude drugs characterization included total ash content, acid-insoluble ash content, water-soluble extractive content, ethanol-soluble extractive content, moisture content, and loss on drying. Phytochemical screening was performed on the crude drugs and extract to identify classes of compounds including alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, tannins, and saponins. The results indicated that all parameters met the quality standard requirements set by the Indonesian Herbal Pharmacopoeia. Phytochemical screening of the crude drugs revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, tannins, and saponins, whereas alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, and tannins were identified in the extract. These findings demonstrate that characterization and phytochemical screening provide valuable information regarding the quality and secondary metabolite profiles of Moringa leaf crude drugs and extracts, which can serve as a basis for the standardization of raw materials. Abstrak. Daun kelor (Moringa oleifera L.) merupakan salah satu tanaman yang kaya akan metabolit sekunder. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan mutu simplisia dengan karakterisasi dan mengidentifikasi golongan senyawa metabolit sekunder pada simplisia dan ekstrak dengan skrining fitokimia. Karakterisasi simplisia meliputi kadar abu total, kadar abu tidak larut asam, kadar sari larut air, kadar sari larut etanol, kadar air, dan susut pengeringan. Skrining fitokimia dilakukan terhadap simplisia dan ekstrak untuk mengidentifikasi golongan senyawa alkaloid, flavonoid, fenol, tanin, dan saponin. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa seluruh parameter memenuhi persyaratan standar mutu yang mengacu pada Farmakope Herbal Indonesia…
creator: Khansha Putri Amaturrofy
creator: Taufik Muhammad Fakih
creator: Dadang Juanda
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-03
publication date: 2026-08-03
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.25947

Penetapan Kadar Fitosterol Ekstrak Bertingkat Daun Katuk (Phyllanthus Androgynus (L.))
type: item
description: Abstract. Katuk leaves (Phyllanthus androgynus (L.) Chakrab. & N.P. Balakr.) are a plant known to contain phytosterol compounds with various biological activities. This study aimed to determine the phytosterol content in a multi-stage extract of katuk leaves using a colorimetric method with UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The multi-stage extraction was performed using a multi-stage maceration method with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and 96% ethanol as solvents. The presence of phytosterols was monitored using thin-layer chromatography (TLC) with β-sitosterol as a reference, while the concentration was determined colorimetrically using the Liebermann–Burchard reagent with β-sitosterol as the standard solution, and then measured using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The TLC results showed spots in the n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and 96% ethanol extracts with Rf values close to those of β-sitosterol. The quantification results showed that the ethyl acetate extract had the highest phytosterol content at 125.93 mg/g, followed by the n-hexane extract at 94.07 mg/g, and the 96% ethanol extract at 71.13 mg/g. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that the multi-layered katuk leaf extract contains phytosterols, with the highest concentration found in the ethyl acetate extract. Abstrak. Daun katuk (Phyllanthus androgynus (L.) Chakrab. & N.P. Balakr.) merupakan salah satu tanaman yang diketahui mengandung senyawa fitosterol dengan berbagai aktivitasbiologis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menetapkan kadar fitosterol pada ekstrak bertingkatdaun katuk menggunakan metode kolorimetri dengan spektrofotometri UV-Vis. Ekstraksibertingkat dilakukan dengan metode maserasi bertingkat menggunakan pelarut n-heksana, etilasetat, dan etanol 96%. Keberadaan fitosterol dipantau menggunakan Kromatografi Lapis Tipis (KLT) dengan β-sitosterol sebagai pembanding, sedangkan penetapan kadar dilakukansecara kolorimetri menggunakan pereaksi Liebermann–Burchard dengan β-sitosterol sebagailarutan standar, …
creator: Raisha Desta Alifiyah
creator: Yani Lukmayani
creator: Esti Rachmawati Sadiyah
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-03
publication date: 2026-08-03
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.26021

Studi Literatur Penggunaan Peptida Sinyal dalam Kosmeseutikal sebagai Anti-aging
type: item
description: Abstract. Skin aging is a complex biological process influenced by intrinsic and extrinsic factors, characterized by the appearance of wrinkles and a decline in skin elasticity, hydration, and firmness. Signal peptides are active ingredients currently undergoing extensive development due to their ability to regulate intercellular communication and stimulate skin tissue regeneration. This study aims to examine the characteristics, mechanism of action, dan evaluation parameters used to assess thhe effectiveness of signal peptides as anti-aging agents in cosmeceutical. This research employed a Systematic Literature Review method based on a PRISMA guidelines and the PICO framework. The findings indicate the signal peptides function by stimulating the synthesis of collagen, elastin, and other extracellular matrix components (ECM), there by contributing to improved skin structure wrinkle reduction, and enhanced skin elasticity and firmness. The most frequently used evaluation parameters include wrinkles, skin elasticity, hydration, transepidermal waterr loss (TEWL), and skin density. Overall, signal peptides show potential as effective anti-aging cosmeceutical ingredients for the development of evidence-based products. Abstrak. Penuaan kulit merupakan proses biologis kompleks yang dipengaruhi oleh faktor intrinsik dan ekstrinsik yang ditandai dengan munculnya kerutan, penurunan elastisitas kulit, berkurangnya hidrasi, serta menurunnya kekencangan kulit. Peptida sinyal merupakan salah satu bahan aktif yang saat ini banyak dikembangkan karena memiliki kemampuan untuk mengatur komunikasi antar sel serta menstimulasi regenerasi jaringan kulit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji karakteristik, mekanisme kerja, serta parameter evaluasi untuk menilai efektivitas peptida sinyal dalam kosmeseutikal sebagai agen anti-aging. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan metode Systematic Literature Review berdasarkan pedoman PRISMA dengan kerangka PICO. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa pe…
creator: Ghaitsa Azzahra Fitri
creator: Dina Mulyanti
creator: Purwaeni Purwaeni
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-03
publication date: 2026-08-03
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.26106

Pengembangan Sediaan Spray Litter Ekstrak Daun Sirih (Piper Betle L.) sebagai Antiparasit pada Pasir Kucing
type: item
description: Abstract. Toxoplasma gondii is a parasite that causes toxoplasmosis, which requires efforts to prevent environmental contamination. Green betel leaf (Piper betle L.) contains secondary metabolite compounds that have the potential as antiparasitic. This study aims to formulate and produce physical characteristics of green betel leaf ethanol extract. This study was conducted experimentally through characterization, phytochemical screening, spray litter formulation with concentrations of 0.25%, 0.5%, and 1%, as well as evaluation of organoleptic preparations, homogeneity, pH, spreadability, specific gravity, physical stability, and observation of cat acceptance of the use of the litter box. The results showed that the characterization of the simplicia and extract generally met the quality requirements, except for the ash content of the simplicia which was insoluble in acid. All formulas met the physical parameters, at a concentration of 1%, sediment formation occurred after storage and was less acceptable to cats. The 0.5% formula was chosen as the best formula because it had good physical stability. Thus, the ethanol extract of green betel leaves can be formulated into a liter spray preparation that meets the physical evaluation parameters of the preparation at concentrations of 0.25% and 0.5% as a basis for further research related to controlling Toxoplasma gondii contamination. Abstrak. Toxoplasma gondii merupakan parasit penyebab toksoplasmosis yang memerlukan upaya pencegahan kontaminasi lingkungan. Daun sirih hijau (Piper betle L.) mengandung senyawa metabolit sekunder berpotensi sebagai antiparasit. Penelitian ini bertujuan memformulasikan dan mengevaluasi karakteristik fisik sediaan ekstrak etanol daun sirih hijau. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara eksperimental melalui karakterisasi, penapisan fitokimia, formulasi spray litter dengan konsentrasi 0,25%;0,5%; dan 1%, serta evaluasi sediaan organoleptik, homogenitas, pH, daya sebar, bobot jenis, stabilitas fisik, d…
creator: Kesya Almaira Syifaa
creator: Gita Cahya Eka Darma
creator: Vinda Maharani Patricia
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-03
publication date: 2026-08-03
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.26117

Systematic Literature Review Aktivitas Antioksidan Daun Kersen (Muntingia Calabura L.) Menggunakan Metode DPPH
type: item
description: Abstract. Muntingia calabura L. leaves contain various bioactive compounds, including flavonoids, phenolic compounds, tannins, and saponins, which have potential as natural antioxidants. This study aimed to review the antioxidant activity of Muntingia calabura L. leaves based on previous studies employing the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was conducted using articles retrieved from PubMed and Google Scholar published between 2016 and 2026. Based on the inclusion criteria, ten original research articles were selected and analyzed descriptively the reviewed data included extraction methods, solvent types, antioxidant activity, mechanisms of action, and the bioactive compounds responsible for antioxidant activity. The findings showed that Muntingia calabura L. leaves exhibited moderate to very strong antioxidant activity based on DPPH IC₅₀ values. Variations in antioxidant activity were influenced by extraction methods, solvent types, and the bioactive compounds extracted. Flavonoids and phenolic compounds were identified as the major contributors to antioxidant activity through their ability to donate hydrogen atoms or electrons to neutralize free radicals. These findings suggest that Muntingia calabura L. leaves have considerable potential as a natural antioxidant source for the development of herbal medicines and pharmaceutical preparations. Abstrak. Daun kersen (Muntingia calabura L.) mengandung berbagai senyawa bioaktif, seperti flavonoid, senyawa fenolik, tanin, dan saponin yang berpotensi sebagai antioksidan alami. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji aktivitas antioksidan daun kersen berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang menggunakan metode 2,2-difenil-1-pikrilhidrazil (DPPH). Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan metode Systematic Literature Review (SLR) melalui penelusuran artikel pada basis data PubMed dan Google Scholar,dengan rentang publikasi tahun 2016–2026. Berdasarkan kriteria inklusi, diperoleh sepuluh artik…
creator: Nasywa Tinezia Iqnita
creator: Farendina Suarantika
creator: Vinda Maharani Patricia
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-03
publication date: 2026-08-03
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.25956

Analisis Profil ADMET Bioaktif Tanaman Jahe Merah (Zingiber officinale Var. Rubrum)
type: item
description: Abstract. Red ginger (Zingiber officinale var. rubrum) is a medicinal plant rich in secondary metabolites with diverse biological activities. However, not all bioactive compounds possess favorable pharmacokinetic and safety properties required for drug development. This study aimed to analyze the Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion, and Toxicity (ADMET) profiles of red ginger bioactive compounds using an in silico approach. Compound data were collected from the IMPPAT, KNApSAcK, and Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases, followed by duplicate removal. Pharmacokinetic screening was performed using SwissADME based on Lipinski's Rule of Five (zero violations) and a bioavailability score ≥0.55. Toxicity prediction was subsequently conducted using ProTox-II with LD₅₀ ≥2000 mg/kg, toxicity class ≥5, and organ toxicity assessment. A total of 1,873 compound records were identified, resulting in 1,225 unique compounds after deduplication. Among these, 745 compounds fulfilled the drug-likeness criteria, while 372 compounds met all predefined toxicity criteria. These findings demonstrate that an in silico ADMET screening strategy is effective for prioritizing red ginger bioactive compounds with favorable pharmacokinetic and predicted safety profiles for further drug discovery research. Abstrak. Jahe merah (Zingiber officinale var. rubrum) merupakan tanaman obat yang kaya akan metabolit sekunder dengan berbagai aktivitas biologis. Namun, tidak seluruh senyawa bioaktif memiliki karakteristik farmakokinetik dan keamanan yang memadai untuk dikembangkan sebagai kandidat obat. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis profil Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion, dan Toxicity (ADMET) senyawa bioaktif jahe merah menggunakan pendekatan in silico. Data senyawa diperoleh dari database IMPPAT, KNApSAcK, dan Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases, kemudian dilakukan eliminasi duplikasi. Skrining farmakokinetik dilakukan menggunakan SwissADM…
creator: Abriel shafar Faiza
creator: Bertha Rusdi
creator: Taufik Muhammad Fakih
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-04
publication date: 2026-08-04
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.26158

Karakterisasi dan Penapisan Fitokimia terhadap Simplisia serta Pemantauan Ekstrak Daun Kenikir
type: item
description: Abstract. Cosmos caudatus Kunth. leaves are rich in secondary metabolites and have the potential to be developed as raw materials for traditional herbal medicine. This study aimed to characterize the simplicia, perform phytochemical screening, extract the bioactive compounds, and monitor the extract of Cosmos caudatus leaves. Simplicia characterization was conducted based on specific and non-specific parameters according to the Indonesian Herbal Pharmacopoeia, Second Edition (2017). Phytochemical screening was performed qualitatively, extraction was carried out by maceration using 96% ethanol, and extract monitoring was conducted using Thin-Layer Chromatography (TLC). The characterization results showed moisture content of 7.00%, loss on drying of 8.83%, total ash of 5.36%, acid-insoluble ash of 0.31%, water-soluble extractive value of 30.26%, and ethanol-soluble extractive value of 24.29%, all complying with pharmacopoeial requirements. Phytochemical screening revealed flavonoids, polyphenols, tannins, saponins, quinones, monoterpenes/sesquiterpenes, and steroids/triterpenoids. Extraction of 200 g of simplicia yielded 13.8971 g of concentrated extract with a yield of 6.95%. TLC analysis confirmed the presence of flavonoid and phenolic compounds through positive reactions with aluminum chloride (AlCl₃) and ferric chloride (FeCl₃). These findings indicate that C. caudatus leaf simplicia meets quality standards, contains diverse secondary metabolites, and is suitable for further pharmacological and phytochemical investigations. Abstrak. Daun kenikir (Cosmos caudatus Kunth.) merupakan tanaman yang kaya metabolit sekunder dan berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai bahan baku obat tradisional. Penelitian ini bertujuan melakukan karakterisasi simplisia, penapisan fitokimia, ekstraksi, dan pemantauan ekstrak daun kenikir. Karakterisasi simplisia dilakukan berdasarkan parameter spesifik dan nonspesifik sesuai Farmakope Herbal Indonesia (FHI) Edisi II Tahun 2017. Penapisan fitokimi…
creator: Audia Putri Anjani
creator: Yani Lukmayani
creator: Dadang Juanda
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-04
publication date: 2026-08-04
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.26126

Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kemangi dan Penetapan Kadar Flavonoid Total
type: item
description: Abstract. Free radicals are moleculs with unpaired electrons, making them highly reactive. If there free radicals are present in the body and trigger a chain rraction, they can cause ongoing damage. Antioxidants can reduce or halt this chain reaction by donating a atom. Basil (Ocimum basilicum) is a plant commonly used as a fresh vegetable by the local community and can serve as an antioxidant. This study aims to determine the antioxidant activity of an ethanol extract of basil leaves. It also aims to determine total flavonoid content of the ethanol extract of basil leaves. In this study, antioxidant activity was assessed using DPPH method, while total flavonoid content was determined using a colorimetric method. The result showed that the ethanol extract exhibited very strong antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 28,47 µg/mL. The total flavonoid content od the ethanol extract was 10,66 mgQE/g extract. Abstrak. Radikal bebas merupakan molekul yang memiliki elektron tidak berpasangan sehingga sangat reaktif. Jika radikal bebas ini berada dalam tubuh yang mengadakan reaksi berantai, dapat menimbulkan kerusakan yang berlanjut. Antioksidan dapat menurunkan atau menghentikan reaksi berantai dengan mendonorkan atom hidrogen. Kemangi (Ocimum basilicum L.) merupakan tanaman yang biasa digunakan sebagai lalapan oleh masyarakat, dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai antioksidan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak etanol daun kemangi. Penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk menetapkan kadar flavonoid total dari ekstrak etanol daun kemangi. Pada penelitian ini, uji aktivitas antioksidan menggunakan metode DPPH sedangkan kadar flavonoid total menggunakan metode kolorimetri. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak etanol yang sangat kuat dengan nilai IC50 sebesar 28,47 µg/mL. Kadar flavonoid total ekstrak etanol sebesar 10,66 mgQE/g ekstrak.
creator: Amalia Nurhalida
creator: Yani Lukmayani
creator: Vinda Maharani Patricia
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-04
publication date: 2026-08-04
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.25801

Validasi Metode KCKT dan Penetapan Kadar BKO Jamu dengan Khasiat Chikungunya
type: item
description: Abstract. Herbal medicine is widely used by the Indonesian community; however, products illegally adulterated with medicinal chemical substances, such as paracetamol and dexamethasone, are still found on the market, posing potential health risks. This study aimed to detect the presence and determine the levels of paracetamol and dexamethasone in jamu marketed for the treatment of chikungunya in Indramayu Regency. This laboratory experimental study used six samples selected through purposive sampling. Qualitative analysis was performed using Thin-Layer Chromatography (TLC), while quantitative analysis was carried out using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Method validation included system suitability, specificity, linearity, accuracy, precision, limit of detection (LOD), and limit of quantification (LOQ). TLC analysis showed that samples A, B, D, and F were positive for paracetamol, with Rf values of 0.40, 0.34, and 0.43, whereas dexamethasone was not detected. Method validation showed system suitability %RSD values of 0.731% for paracetamol and 0.68% for dexamethasone, coefficient of determination (R²) values of 0.993 and 0.996, and precision (%RSD) values of 0.76% and 0.729%, respectively. The accuracy parameter did not meet the acceptable range of 98–102%, and the LOD and LOQ parameters also failed to meet the validation criteria. Based on the findings, several jamu products marketed for the treatment of chikungunya were found to contain paracetamol and dexamethasone as medicinal chemical substances. Abstrak. Jamu merupakan obat tradisional yang banyak digunakan masyarakat, namun masih ditemukan produk yang secara ilegal mengandung bahan kimia obat, seperti parasetamol dan deksametason, yang berpotensi menimbulkan risiko kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeteksi keberadaan serta menetapkan kadar parasetamol dan deksametason pada jamu dengan klaim pengobatan chikungunya yang beredar di Kabupaten Indramayu. Penelitian eksperimental laboratorium in…
creator: Nanda Puspita Ayu
creator: Farendina Suarantika
creator: Hilda Aprilia Wisnuwardhani
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-05
publication date: 2026-08-05
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.26226

Verifikasi Metode Analisis Kadar Senyawa Metil Paraben dalam Krim Malam Pemutih Wajah
type: item
description: Abstract. Preservatives are substances used to inhibit the growth of microorganisms. The research problem addressed in this study concerns the results of method verification for determining methylparaben levels in facial whitening night creams using Preparative Thin-Layer Chromatography (TLC) and UV spectrophotometry, as well as whether the methylparaben content remains within the permissible limit of less than 0.4%. To assess the validity of the determination methods, the study involved first separating mixture components via Preparative TLC to eliminate interference from other compounds possessing similar chromophore groups. Based on the method verification results, UV spectrophotometry demonstrated good accuracy and precision (% Recovery = 104.307%, systematic error = 4.307%, and random error = 0.213%). Analysis of the five facial whitening night cream samples yielded average methylparaben levels of 0.169% for Brand A, 0.385% for Brand B, 0.318% for Brand C, 0.152% for Brand D, and 0.344% for Brand E. The levels in all five samples complied with the usage limits for methylparaben established by BPOM (< 0.4%).Keywords: Preservative, Methylparaben, BPOM, Night cream, Preparative TLC, UV spectrophotometry Abstrak. Bahan pengawet merupakan bahan yang digunakan dengan tujuan untuk menghambat pertumbuhan mikroorganisme. Rumusan masalah yang diangkat dalam penelitian ini yaitu bagaimanakah hasil dari verifikasi metode penetapan kadar Metil paraben dalam krim malam pemutih wajah secara KLT Preparatif dan Spektrofotometri UV serta apakah kadar Metil paraben dalam krim malam pemutih wajah masih dalam batas penggunaan yang diizinkan yaitu kurang dari 0,4%. Untuk melihat kevalidan metode penetapan kadar Metil paraben secara KLT Preparatif dan Spektrofotometri UV, penelitian dilakukan dengan pemisahan komponen campuran secara Kromatografi Lapis Tipis (KLT) Preparatif terlebih dahulu untuk mengeliminasi gangguan dari senyawa lain yang memiliki gugus kromofor mirip. Berdasarkan…
creator: Milla Putri Rizky Rahmadilla
creator: Bertha Rusdi
creator: Farendina Suarantika
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-06
publication date: 2026-08-06
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.26264

Pengaruh Regimen Terapi Penyakit Jantung terhadap Kadar Kalium di RSUD Welas Asih Provinsi Jawa Barat Periode 2025
type: item
description: Abstract. Potassium balance is important to monitor in cardiovascular disease patients, as changes in potassium levels can affect cardiovascular status. Cardiac drug regimens, particularly diuretics and agents acting on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, may alter potassium levels through different mechanisms, yet outpatient monitoring is often insufficient. This study aimed to describe potassium levels according to cardiac drug regimens among outpatients with cardiovascular disease at Welas Asih Regional Hospital, West Java Province, in 2025. This retrospective observational study used medical records of outpatients with cardiovascular disease as secondary data. Drug regimens were grouped by drug class based on potential effect on potassium balance, and data were processed descriptively to determine the distribution and mean potassium level per group. Of 159 patients, 149 were categorized into the predefined groups. Mean potassium level was 3.91 mEq/L, with hypokalemia in 32 patients (21.48%), normal levels in 116 patients (77.85%), and hyperkalemia in 1 patient (0.67%). The loop diuretic monotherapy group showed the highest hypokalemia proportion (43.75%), while the MRA-ACEI/ARB combination group showed the highest mean potassium and hyperkalemia occurrence (5.88%). Potassium levels varied across regimen groups. Regular monitoring is recommended for patients receiving therapy that may affect electrolyte balance to support treatment safety. Abstrak. Keseimbangan kadar kalium penting dipantau pada pasien penyakit jantung karena perubahan kadar kalium dapat mempengaruhi kondisi kardiovaskular. Regimen obat jantung, terutama diuretik dan obat yang bekerja pada sistem renin-angiotensin-aldosteron, dapat mempengaruhi kadar kalium melalui mekanisme farmakologis berbeda, namun pemantauan pada pasien rawat jalan masih sering kurang diperhatikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui gambaran kadar kalium berdasarkan regimen obat jantung pada pasien rawat jalan penyaki…
creator: Nabila Nuzulhaq Aghnia Fahma
creator: Fetri Lestari
creator: Andrian Hoerul Anwar
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-07
publication date: 2026-08-07
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.26291

Formulasi Granul Serbuk Bawang Putih (Allium Sativum L.)
type: item
description: Abstract. Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is known to possess antibacterial activity, making it a promising active ingredient for pharmaceutical formulations. However, garlic powder has relatively fine particle size, which increases interparticle cohesion and results in poor flow properties. Therefore, a granulation process is required to improve the physical characteristics of the powder and produce granules with improved physical properties. This study aimed to formulate garlic powder granules using the wet granulation method with various concentrations of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as a binder to obtain the optimum formulation based on the evaluation results. Five formulations containing 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5% PVP were prepared and evaluated for organoleptic properties, moisture content, flow rate, angle of repose, Carr's Index, Hausner ratio, and stability. The results showed that Formula 5 containing 5% PVP was the optimum garlic powder granule formulation based on the evaluation results. Abstrak. Bawang putih (Allium sativum L.) diketahui memiliki aktivitas antibakteri sehingga berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai bahan aktif dalam sediaan farmasi. Namun, serbuk bawang putih memiliki ukuran partikel yang relatif halus sehingga meningkatkan kohesi antarpartikel dan menyebabkan sifat alir kurang baik. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan proses granulasi untuk memperbaiki karakteristik fisik serbuk sehingga diperoleh granul dengan karakteristik fisik yang lebih baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan memformulasikan granul serbuk bawang putih menggunakan metode granulasi basah dengan variasi konsentrasi polivinilpirolidon (PVP) sebagai bahan pengikat untuk memperoleh formula terbaik berdasarkan hasil evaluasi sediaan. Granul diformulasikan dalam lima formula dengan variasi konsentrasi PVP 1, 2, 3, 4, dan 5%, kemudian dievaluasi berdasarkan parameter organoleptik, kadar air, laju alir, sudut diam, Carr's Index, rasio Hausner, dan stabilitas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Formula 5 dengan k…
creator: Frisca Fadhilah Amelia Nugraha
creator: Gita Cahya Eka Darma
creator: Dina Mulyanti
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy
date: 2026-08-07
publication date: 2026-08-07
volume: 6
number: 2
doi: 10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.26308