Studi Literatur Pengaplikasian Carbon Dots (CD) Sebagai Sistem Penghantaran Obat Terapi Kanker
Abstract
Abstrak. Carbon dots (CD) merupakan salah satu sistem penghantaran obat berbasis karbon yang menarik perhatian dibidang nanoteknologi terutama pengaplikasiannya pada terapi kanker karena biokompatibilitas yang baik dan sitotoksisitasnya yang rendah. Secara umum CD dikenal sebagai nanopartikel kelas quasispherical, berbentuk bola dengan ukuran kurang dari 10 nm. Kelimpahan bahan karbon yang terjangkau, dan metode sintesis yang mudah, adalah salah satu alasan minat yang kuat pada CD. Tujuan dari penelitian ini ialah untuk mengetahui cara sintesis CD, mengetahui karakter dan profil CD yang dapat dijadikan sistem penghantaran obat serta mengetahui sitotoksisitas CD terhadap sel kanker. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode Systematic Literatur Review dengan tahapan pencarian artikel, penyaringan dan pemilihan artikel berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi, serta ekstraksi data dari 11 jurnal. Hasil penelusuran pustaka menyatakan bahwa CD dapat diaplikasikan sebagai sistem penghantaran obat terapi kanker karena memiliki karakter berbentuk bulat dengan ukuran kurang dari 10 nm dan profil pemuatan dengan efisiensi sebesar 85,6% serta pelepasan obat dengan persentase sebesar 91% serta sitotoksisitas CD yang rendah yaitu dengan viabilitas sel sebesar 95% namun memiliki kemampuan yang baik dalam menghantarkan obat sehingga obat memiliki sitotoksisitas yang tinggi terhadap sel kanker dengan viabilitas sel sebesar 35% dibanding obat dalam bentuk bebasnya yaitu dengan viabilitas sel sebesar 90%.
Abstract. Carbon dots (CDs) are one of the carbon-based drug delivery systems that attract attention in the field of nanotechnology, especially their application in cancer therapy due to their good biocompatibility and low cytotoxicity. CDs are generally known ad quasispherical class nanoparticles, spherical in shape with size less than 10 nm. The abundance of affordable carbon materials, and easy synthesis methods, are one of the reasons for the strong interest in CDs. The purpose of this research is to know how to synthesize CDs, to know the character and profile of CDs that can be used as drug delivery systems and to know the cytotoxicity of CDs against cancer cells. This research was conducted using the Systematic Literature Review method with the stages of searching for articles, screening and selecting articles based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, and extracting data from 11 journals. The results of the literature search stated that CD can be applied as a drug delivery system for cancer therapy because it has a spherical character with a size of less than 10 nm and a loading profile with an efficiency of 85.6% and drug release with a percentage of 91% and low cytotoxicity of CD, which has a cell viability of 95% but has a good ability to deliver drugs so that drugs have high cytotoxicity against cancer cells with a cell viability of 35% compared to drugs in their free form, which has a cell viability of 90%.
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