Studi Literatur Kasus Adverse Drug Reactions Dari Pengaruh Bahan Eksipien Obat
Abstract
Abstract. Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) are generally triggered by active substances contained in the drugs used, but it is possible that these ADR events are caused and triggered by the role of excipients contained in the drugs. Excipients play a role in the design or improvement of a dosage form of a drug. In Indonesia, a case was found that the drug excipients in one of the children's syrup drugs could cause acute kidney failure due to the contaminants contained therein which came from the excipients used. The aim of this research is to conduct an assessment of cases of adverse drug reactions caused by excipients. any drugs that cause reactions and the resulting effects and ways of handling from various research literature. The method used is a Literature Review Study by conducting studies on several journals and collecting data according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results obtained were 8 articles with 8 cases that occurred in 8 patients who were affected in cases of Adverse Drug Reactions which were influenced by drug excipients. Influential drug excipients are: Polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, carboxymethylcellulose, mannitol, polysorbate 80, and povidone. The impact caused is an allergic reaction. Treatment is carried out by stopping the use of drugs containing excipients that trigger Adverse Drug Reactions in patients, besides that drugs are also administered to treat Adverse Drug Reactions that arise.
Abstrak. Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) pada umumnya dipicu oleh zat aktif yang terkandung dalam obat yang digunakan, tetapi tidak menutup kemungkinan bahwa kejadian-kejadian ADR ini disebabkan dan dipicu oleh adanya peran bahan eksipien yang terkandung dalam obat-obatan. Eksipien memegang peran dalam rancangan atau peningkatan dari bentuk suatu sediaan obat. Di Indonesia ditemukan kasus bahwa bahan eksipien obat pada salah satu obat sirup anak dapat menimbulkan penyakit gagal ginjal akut akibat adanya cemaran yang terkandung didalamnya yang berasal dari eksipien yang digunakan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melakukan pengkajian pada kasus Adverse Drug Reactions yang disebabkan oleh eksipien obat apa saja yang menimbulkan reaksi serta dampak yang dihasilkan dan cara penanganan dari berbagai literatur penelitian. Metode yang digunakan adalah Studi Literature Review dengan dilakukannya pengkajian pada beberapa jurnal dan diambil data sesuai kriteria inklusi dan ekslusi. Hasil yang didapat sebanyak 8 artikel dengan 8 kasus yang terjadi terhadap 8 pasien yang terdampak pada kasus Adverse Drug Reactions yang dipengaruhi oleh bahan eksipien obat. Eksipien obat yang berpengaruh yaitu: Polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, carboxymethylcellulose, mannitol, polysorbate 80, dan povidone. Dampak yang ditimbulkan adalah reaksi alergi. Penanganan yang dilakukan yaitu dengan penghentian penggunaan obat yang mengandung eksipien yang memicu terjadinya reaksi Adverse Drug Reactions terhadap pasien, selain itu juga dilakukan pemberian obat untuk menangani reaksi Adverse Drug Reactions yang timbul.
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