Pengaruh Regimen Terapi Penyakit Jantung terhadap Kadar Kalium di RSUD Welas Asih Provinsi Jawa Barat Periode 2025
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.26291Keywords:
Regimen obat jantung, Kadar kalium, DiuretikAbstract
Abstract. Potassium balance is important to monitor in cardiovascular disease patients, as changes in potassium levels can affect cardiovascular status. Cardiac drug regimens, particularly diuretics and agents acting on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, may alter potassium levels through different mechanisms, yet outpatient monitoring is often insufficient. This study aimed to describe potassium levels according to cardiac drug regimens among outpatients with cardiovascular disease at Welas Asih Regional Hospital, West Java Province, in 2025. This retrospective observational study used medical records of outpatients with cardiovascular disease as secondary data. Drug regimens were grouped by drug class based on potential effect on potassium balance, and data were processed descriptively to determine the distribution and mean potassium level per group. Of 159 patients, 149 were categorized into the predefined groups. Mean potassium level was 3.91 mEq/L, with hypokalemia in 32 patients (21.48%), normal levels in 116 patients (77.85%), and hyperkalemia in 1 patient (0.67%). The loop diuretic monotherapy group showed the highest hypokalemia proportion (43.75%), while the MRA-ACEI/ARB combination group showed the highest mean potassium and hyperkalemia occurrence (5.88%). Potassium levels varied across regimen groups. Regular monitoring is recommended for patients receiving therapy that may affect electrolyte balance to support treatment safety.
Abstrak. Keseimbangan kadar kalium penting dipantau pada pasien penyakit jantung karena perubahan kadar kalium dapat mempengaruhi kondisi kardiovaskular. Regimen obat jantung, terutama diuretik dan obat yang bekerja pada sistem renin-angiotensin-aldosteron, dapat mempengaruhi kadar kalium melalui mekanisme farmakologis berbeda, namun pemantauan pada pasien rawat jalan masih sering kurang diperhatikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui gambaran kadar kalium berdasarkan regimen obat jantung pada pasien rawat jalan penyakit jantung di RSUD Welas Asih, Provinsi Jawa Barat, tahun 2025. Penelitian observasional retrospektif ini menggunakan data rekam medis pasien rawat jalan penyakit jantung sebagai data sekunder. Regimen obat dikelompokkan berdasarkan golongan obat sesuai potensi pengaruhnya terhadap kadar kalium, lalu data diolah deskriptif untuk melihat distribusi dan rata-rata kadar kalium tiap kelompok. Dari 159 pasien, 149 pasien dapat dikelompokkan sesuai kelompok regimen yang ditentukan. Rata-rata kadar kalium sebesar 3,91 mEq/L, dengan hipokalemia pada 32 pasien (21,48%), kadar normal pada 116 pasien (77,85%), dan hiperkalemia pada 1 pasien (0,67%). Kelompok diuretik loop tunggal menunjukkan proporsi hipokalemia tertinggi (43,75%), sedangkan kelompok kombinasi MRA dengan ACEI/ARB menunjukkan rata-rata kadar kalium tertinggi dan kejadian hiperkalemia sebesar 5,88%. Kadar kalium bervariasi antar kelompok regimen obat jantung. Pemantauan kadar kalium berkala disarankan bagi pasien penerima terapi berpotensi mempengaruhi keseimbangan elektrolit guna mendukung keamanan pengobatan.
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