Formulasi Sediaan Topikal Berbasis Kolagen Ikan untuk Penyembuhan Luka: Kajian Sistematis Literatur
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.25677Keywords:
Fish collagen, Topical preparations, Wound healing, Systematic literature review, BiomaterialsAbstract
Abstract. Fish collagen is a promising biomaterial for use as an active ingredient in topical formulations for wound healing due to its good biocompatibility and sustainable origin. This study aimed to analyze the physical characteristics of various fish collagen-based topical formulations, evaluate their effectiveness in promoting wound healing, and compare the relationship between formulation type and wound-healing efficacy. A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Literature searches were performed in PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, DOAJ, SINTA, and Garuda databases for articles published between 2017 and 2026, with the final search conducted on July 30, 2026. Based on the predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, five preclinical studies were selected and analyzed narratively. The findings showed that the formulations included collagen gels, ointments, and sponges. All formulations demonstrated potential to support wound healing in preclinical models, although their effectiveness varied depending on the collagen source, concentration, formulation base, wound model, and evaluation parameters. Therefore, fish collagen-based topical formulations have considerable potential as alternative biomaterials for wound healing. However, more standardized preclinical studies and human clinical trials are required to confirm their efficacy and safety.
Abstrak. Kolagen ikan merupakan biomaterial yang berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai bahan aktif dalam sediaan topikal untuk penyembuhan luka karena memiliki biokompatibilitas yang baik dan berasal dari sumber yang berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis karakteristik fisik berbagai formulasi sediaan topikal berbasis kolagen ikan, mengevaluasi efektivitasnya dalam mendukung penyembuhan luka, serta membandingkan hubungan antara jenis formulasi dan efektivitas penyembuhan luka. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan metode Systematic Literature Review (SLR) yang disusun mengikuti pedoman PRISMA 2020. Penelusuran literatur dilakukan pada database PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, DOAJ, SINTA, dan Garuda terhadap artikel yang dipublikasikan pada tahun 2017-2026, dengan penelusuran terakhir pada 30 Juli 2026. Berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi, diperoleh lima penelitian praklinis yang dianalisis secara naratif. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa formulasi yang digunakan meliputi gel, salep, dan spons kolagen. Seluruh formulasi menunjukkan potensi dalam mendukung penyembuhan luka pada model praklinis, meskipun efektivitasnya bervariasi sesuai sumber kolagen, konsentrasi, basis formulasi, model luka, dan parameter evaluasi. Dengan demikian, formulasi sediaan topikal berbasis kolagen ikan berpotensi menjadi alternatif biomaterial untuk penyembuhan luka, namun masih diperlukan penelitian praklinis yang lebih terstandarisasi serta uji klinis pada manusia untuk mengonfirmasi efektivitas dan keamanannya.
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