Ekstraksi Dan Identifikasi Enzim Bromelin dari Bonggol dan Mahkota Nanas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.25490Keywords:
Ananas comosus (L.) Merr, Bromelin, EkstraksiAbstract
Abstract. Bromelin enzyme is a protease enzyme contained in the pineapple plant (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.) and has various benefits in the fields of food, pharmaceuticals, and biotechnology. Pineapple humps and crowns are agricultural waste that still has the potential to be a source of bromelin so that it can be used to increase the added value of organic waste. This study aims to extract bromelin enzymes from pineapple humps and crowns using the NaCl salt precipitation method followed by dialysis and qualitatively identify the protein content using the Lowry method. The results showed that the highest yield of hump extract was obtained at a concentration of NaCl of 35% of 0.577%, while the highest yield of crown extract was obtained at a concentration of NaCl of 30% of 0.054%. The qualitative test of the Lowry method showed positive results on the entire extract with NaCl concentrations of 30%, 35%, and 40%, which was characterized by a change in the color of the solution to blue after incubation for 30 minutes. These results confirm the presence of protein content in bromelin extract from pineapple humps and crowns. Based on the results of the study, both parts of the pineapple plant have the potential to be used as a source of bromelin enzymes and increase the added value of agricultural waste.
Abstrak. Enzim bromelin merupakan enzim protease yang terkandung dalam tanaman nanas (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.) dan memiliki berbagai manfaat di bidang pangan, farmasi, dan bioteknologi. Bonggol dan mahkota nanas merupakan limbah pertanian yang masih berpotensi sebagai sumber bromelin sehingga dapat dimanfaatkan untuk meningkatkan nilai tambah limbah organik. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengekstraksi enzim bromelin dari bonggol dan mahkota nanas menggunakan metode presipitasi garam NaCl yang dilanjutkan dengan dialisis serta mengidentifikasi kandungan protein secara kualitatif menggunakan metode Lowry. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rendemen tertinggi ekstrak bonggol diperoleh pada konsentrasi NaCl 35% sebesar 0,577%, sedangkan rendemen tertinggi ekstrak mahkota diperoleh pada konsentrasi NaCl 30% sebesar 0,054%. Uji kualitatif metode Lowry menunjukkan hasil positif pada seluruh ekstrak dengan konsentrasi NaCl 30%, 35%, dan 40% yang ditandai dengan perubahan warna larutan menjadi biru setelah inkubasi selama 30 menit. Hasil tersebut mengonfirmasi adanya kandungan protein pada ekstrak bromelin dari bonggol dan mahkota nanas. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, kedua bagian tanaman nanas berpotensi dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber enzim bromelin dan meningkatkan nilai tambah limbah pertanian.
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