Formulasi Nanoemulgel dari Ekstrak Etanol Daun Sembung (Blumea balsamifera L.)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.25293Keywords:
Blumea balsamifera L., Nanoemulgel, Desain FaktorialAbstract
Abstract. Sembung leaves (Blumea balsamifera L.) contain flavonoid compounds with antioxidant potential to counteract free radicals. This study aims to obtain the optimum nanoemulsion formula using a 2² factorial design and formulate it into a nanoemulgel preparation. The extract was obtained through 70% ethanol maceration with a yield of 17.71% and a total flavonoid content of 35.1 mgQE/g. Nanoemulsion optimization used olive oil as the oil phase with variations in Tween 80 and PEG 400 concentrations. Results showed the optimum nanoemulsion formula (F8) utilized 40% Tween 80 and 20% PEG 400, achieving a transmittance value of 94.083 ± 0.016%. The optimum nanoemulgel (F8b) incorporated 0.8% Carbopol 940 as a gelling agent. Physical characterization of F8b revealed a clear yellow-green, homogeneous appearance, pH 6.10 ± 0.04, viscosity 6232 ± 53.78 cPs with pseudoplastic flow, and a spreadability of 6.0 ± 0.06 cm. The preparation proved thermodynamically stable through heating-cooling and freeze-thaw tests. In conclusion, the sembung leaf ethanol extract nanoemulgel meets the physical parameters required for topical preparations.
Abstrak. Daun sembung (Blumea balsamifera L.) mengandung senyawa flavonoid yang berpotensi sebagai antioksdian untuk menagkal radikal bebas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh formula optimum nanoemulsi melalui desain factorial 2² dan memformulasikannya menjadi sediaan nanoemulgel. Ekstrak diperoleh melalui maserasi etanol 70% dengan rendemen 17,71% dan kadar flavonoid total 35,1 mgQE/g. optimasi nanoemulsi menggunakan minyak zaitun sebagai fase minyak dengan variasi konsentrasi Tween 80 dan PEG 400. Hasil penelitian menunjukan formula nanoemulsi optimum (F8) menggunakan 40% Tween 80 dan 20% PEG 400 dengan nilai transmitansi 94,083 0,016%. Sediaan nanoemulgel optimum (F8b) menggunakan 0,8% karbopol 940 sebagai gelling agent. Karakteristik fisik sediaan F8 (b) menunjukan penampilan jernih kuning-kehijauan, homogen, pH 6,10 0,04, viskositas 6232 53,78 cPs dengan aliran pseudoplastis, serta daya sebar 6,0 0,06 cm. Sediaan terbukti stabil secara termodinamik melalui uji heating-cooliing dan freez-thaw. Kesimpulannya, nanoemulgel ekstrak daun sembung memenuhi parameter fisik yang dipersyaratkan untuk sediaan topikal.
References
Antil, S., & Gupta, C. (2021). Formulation and Evaluation of Nanoemulsion for Bioavailability Enhancement of Metaxalone. International Journal of Current Research and Review, 13(14). https://doi.org/10.31782/ijcrr.2021.131438
Chuacharoen, T., Prasongsuk, S., & Sabliov, C. M. (2019). Effect of surfactant concentrations on physicochemical properties and functionality of curcumin nanoemulsions under conditions relevant to commercial utilization. Molecules, 24(15). https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24152744
Daud, N. S., Musdalipah, M., & Lamadari, A. (2017). FORMULASI NANOEMULSI ASPIRIN MENGGUNAKAN ETANOL 96 % SEBAGAI KO-SURFAKTAN. WARTA FARMASI, 6(1). https://doi.org/10.46356/wfarmasi.v6i1.66
Depkes RI. (2017). Farmakope Herbal Indonesi Edisi II. In Pocket Handbook of Nonhuman Primate Clinical Medicine (II). Jakarta: Kementrian Kesehatan RI.
Donthi, M. R., Munnangi, S. R., Krishna, K. V., Saha, R. N., Singhvi, G., & Dubey, S. K. (2023). Nanoemulgel : A Novel Nano Carrier as a Tool for Topical Drug Delivery. 1–28.
Gul, U., Khan, M. I., Madni, A., Sohail, M. F., Rehman, M., Rasul, A., & Peltonen, L. (2022). Olive oil and clove oil-based nanoemulsion for topical delivery of terbinafine hydrochloride: in vitro and ex vivo evaluation. Drug Delivery, 29(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/10717544.2022.2039805
Indonesia, F. H. (2017). Farmakope Herbal Indonesi Edisi II 2017 Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Pills and the Public Purse.
Jaiswal, M., & Dudhe, R. (2015). Nanoemulsion : an advanced mode of drug delivery system. 123–127. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-014-0214-0
Jusnita, N., & Syurya, W. (2019). Karakterisasi Nanoemulsi Ekstrak Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera Lamk.) (Characterization of Nanoemulsion from Moringa oleifera’ Extract). Jurnal Sains Farmasi & Klinis, 6(1).
Masyudi, Hanafiah, M., Rinidar, Usman, S., & Marlina. (2022). Phytochemical screening and GC-MS analysis of bioactive compounds of Blumea balsamifera leaf extracts from South Aceh, Indonesia. Biodiversitas, 23(3). https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230319
Pang, Y., Wang, D., Fan, Z., Chen, X., Yu, F., Hu, X., Wang, K., & Yuan, L. (2014). Blumea balsamifera- A phytochemical and pharmacological review. In Molecules (Vol. 19, Issue 7). https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules19079453
RI, B. P. (2008). Taksonomi Koleksi Tanaman Obat Kebun Tanaman Obat Citeureup. In BPOM RI Deputi Bidang Pengawasan Obat Tradisional, Kosmetik, dan Produk Komplemen.
Supriatna, D., Mulyani, Y., Rostini, I., & Agung, M. U. K. (2019). Aktivitas Antioksidan, Kadar Total Flavonoid Dan Fenol Ekstrak Metanol Kulit Batang Mangrove Berdasarkan Stadia Pertumbuhannya. Jurnal Perikanan Dan Kelautan, 10(2).
Veranita, W., & Permatasari, D. A. I. (2022). Physical Evaluation Of Nanoemulsion From Lemongrass Stem ( Cymbopogon Nardus L .). (ICOHETECH) International Conference of Health, Science and Technology.
Wa Ode Sitti Zubaydah, Astrid Indalifiany, Yamin, Suryani, Dian Munasari, Muhammad Handoyo Sahumena, & Sitti Raodah Nurul Jannah. (2023). Formulasi dan Karakterisasi Nanoemulsi Ekstrak Etanol Buah Wualae (Etlingera Elatior (Jack) R.M. Smith). Lansau: Jurnal Ilmu Kefarmasian, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.33772/lansau.v1i1.4
