Formulasi Floating Tablet Mengandung Ekstrak Etanol Daun Sembung (Blumea Balsamifera (L.) DC.)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.25181Keywords:
Daun Sembung, Floating Tablet, FlavonoidAbstract
Abstract. Blumea balsamifera (L.) DC. leaves have traditionally been prepared as a decoction to relieve gastric disorders. However, this dosage form provides an uncertain dose and a short gastric residence time. This study aimed to formulate and evaluate floating tablets containing ethanolic extract of Blumea balsamifera leaves and determine the optimum formulation. The tablets were prepared by the wet granulation method using xanthan gum and HPMC K100M at ratios of 3:1, 1:1, and 1:3. The formulations were evaluated for granule and tablet physical properties, floating lag time, floating time, swelling index, and flavonoid release. The formulation with a xanthan gum to HPMC K100M ratio of 1:3 (F3) exhibited the best physical and floating characteristics, with a floating lag time of 8.4 ± 1.63 seconds, a floating time of 70.6 ± 1.2 hours, and a swelling index of 199.18 ± 14.14%. After incorporation of 250 mg of the extract, the tablets met the required physical quality parameters and remained buoyant for 36 ± 0.63 hours. However, the floating lag time increased to 24 ± 0.63 minutes, and flavonoid release reached 90.34 ± 1.03% within the first five minutes, indicating a burst release profile rather than the intended controlled-release behavior. These findings demonstrate that the combination of xanthan gum and HPMC K100M effectively supports the floating properties of the tablets. Nevertheless, further formulation optimization is required to achieve a sustained-release profile.
Abstrak. Daun sembung (Blumea balsamifera (L.) DC.) secara tradisional diolah menjadi rebusan untuk meredakan keluhan lambung, namun cara ini menghasilkan dosis yang tidak pasti dan waktu tinggal obat di lambung yang singkat. Penelitian ini bertujuan memformulasikan dan mengevaluasi floating tablet yang mengandung ekstrak etanol daun sembung serta menentukan formula terbaiknya. Tablet dibuat dengan metode granulasi basah menggunakan kombinasi xanthan gum dan HPMC K100M dengan perbandingan 3:1, 1:1, dan 1:3, kemudian dievaluasi sifat fisik granul dan tablet, floating lag time, floating time, swelling index, serta pelepasan flavonoid. Formula dengan perbandingan 1:3 (F3) menghasilkan karakteristik fisik dan floating terbaik, dengan floating lag time 8,4 ± 1,63 detik, floating time 70,6 ± 1,2 jam, dan swelling index 199,18 ± 14,14%. Setelah diformulasikan dengan ekstrak 250 mg, tablet memenuhi persyaratan mutu fisik dan mampu mengapung selama 36 ± 0,63 jam. Namun, floating lag time meningkat menjadi 24 ± 0,63 menit dan pelepasan flavonoid mencapai 90,34 ± 1,03% dalam lima menit pertama, menunjukkan pola burst release dibandingkan pelepasan terkendali yang diharapkan. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi xanthan gum dan HPMC K100M mampu mendukung sifat mengapung tablet, namun optimasi formulasi lebih lanjut masih diperlukan untuk menghasilkan profil pelepasan lepas lambat
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