Perbandingan Flavonoid Total dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Daun Jambu Bol dan Jambu Air
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.25156Keywords:
Syzigium aqueum, Syzigium malaccense, Aktivitas antioksidan, Flavpnoid total, DPPHAbstract
Abstract. Malay apple leaves (Syzygium malaccense) and watery rose apple leaves (Syzygium aqueum) are known to contain flavonoids that have potential as natural antioxidants. Differences in the type and concentration of extraction solvents may affect the compounds extracted; therefore, a study comparing the total flavonoid content and antioxidant activity of both plants using 70% ethanol is needed. This study aimed to determine the characteristics of the extracts, secondary metabolite contents, total flavonoid content, antioxidant activity, and compare the two extracts. An experimental study was conducted using Malay apple and watery rose apple leaf extracts collected from Purwakarta. Extraction was performed by maceration using 70% ethanol. Data were collected through extract characterization, phytochemical screening, determination of total flavonoid content using the aluminum chloride (AlCl₃) complexation method, and antioxidant activity testing using the DPPH method with UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Data were processed based on the measured total flavonoid content and IC₅₀ values. The results showed that the total flavonoid content of watery rose apple leaf extract was 72.528 ± 0.061 mgQE/g, higher than that of Malay apple leaf extract at 35.444 ± 0.120 mgQE/g. Watery rose apple leaf extract also showed stronger antioxidant activity, with an IC₅₀ value of 12.512 ppm compared with 14.235 ppm for Malay apple leaf extract. Both extracts were classified as very strong antioxidants. The 70% ethanol extract of watery rose apple leaves had higher total flavonoid content and antioxidant activity than Malay apple leaf extract.
Abstrak. Daun jambu bol (Syzygium malaccense) dan daun jambu air (Syzygium aqueum) diketahui mengandung flavonoid yang berpotensi sebagai sumber antioksidan alami. Perbedaan jenis dan konsentrasi pelarut dapat memengaruhi senyawa yang terekstraksi sehingga diperlukan penelitian untuk membandingkan kadar flavonoid total dan aktivitas antioksidan kedua tanaman menggunakan pelarut etanol 70%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik ekstrak, kandungan metabolit sekunder, kadar flavonoid total, aktivitas antioksidan, serta membandingkan kedua ekstrak. Penelitian dilakukan secara eksperimental terhadap ekstrak daun jambu bol dan daun jambu air yang diperoleh dari Purwakarta. Ekstraksi dilakukan dengan metode maserasi menggunakan etanol 70%. Data dikumpulkan melalui karakterisasi ekstrak, skrining fitokimia, penetapan kadar flavonoid total menggunakan metode kompleksasi aluminium klorida (AlCl₃), serta pengujian aktivitas antioksidan menggunakan metode DPPH dengan spektrofotometri UV-Vis. Data diolah berdasarkan hasil pengukuran kadar flavonoid total dan nilai IC₅₀. Hasil menunjukkan kadar flavonoid total ekstrak daun jambu air sebesar 72,528 ± 0,061 mgQE/g, lebih tinggi dibandingkan daun jambu bol sebesar 35,444 ± 0,120 mgQE/g. Aktivitas antioksidan daun jambu air juga lebih tinggi dengan nilai IC₅₀ 12,512 ppm dibandingkan daun jambu bol 14,235 ppm. Kedua ekstrak termasuk kategori antioksidan sangat kuat. Ekstrak etanol 70% daun jambu air memiliki kadar flavonoid total dan aktivitas antioksidan lebih tinggi dibandingkan ekstrak daun jambu bol.
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