Potensi Gastroprotektif Tanaman Herbal di Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.24957Keywords:
Gastroprotektif, Gastritis, Tanaman herbal, Ulkus lambungAbstract
Abstract. Gastritis is one of the most common gastrointestinal disorders and may progress to gastric ulcers if left untreated. Various Indonesian herbal plants contain secondary metabolites with potential gastroprotective properties. Therefore, this article aims to review the potential of Indonesian herbal plants as gastroprotective agents through a literature review. A literature review was conducted by analyzing seven research articles retrieved from Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect. Eligible articles were selected based on predefined inclusion criteria and descriptively analyzed through evidence synthesis. The findings showed that various Indonesian herbal plants exhibited gastroprotective activity, as indicated by reduced ulcer formation, improved gastric mucosal histopathology, and enhanced mucosal protection. However, the available evidence is still predominantly derived from preclinical studies. Therefore, extract standardization and well-designed clinical studies are required to support the development of Indonesian herbal plants as candidate phytopharmaceuticals for the prevention and adjunctive treatment of gastric ulcers.
Abstrak. Gastritis merupakan salah satu penyakit saluran pencernaan yang masih menjadi masalah kesehatan dan dapat berkembang menjadi ulkus lambung apabila tidak ditangani dengan baik. Berbagai tanaman herbal Indonesia diketahui mengandung metabolit sekunder yang berpotensi memberikan efek gastroprotektif. Oleh karena itu, artikel ini bertujuan mengkaji potensi tanaman herbal Indonesia sebagai agen gastroprotektif melalui literature review. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode literature review dengan menelaah tujuh artikel penelitian yang diperoleh dari basis data Google Scholar, PubMed, dan ScienceDirect. Artikel dipilih berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan dianalisis secara deskriptif melalui sintesis hasil penelitian. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa berbagai tanaman herbal Indonesia memiliki aktivitas gastroprotektif yang ditunjukkan melalui penurunan pembentukan ulkus, perbaikan gambaran histopatologi mukosa lambung, serta peningkatan perlindungan mukosa. Meskipun demikian, bukti yang tersedia masih didominasi oleh penelitian praklinis. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan standardisasi ekstrak dan uji klinis pada manusia untuk mendukung pengembangan tanaman herbal sebagai kandidat fitofarmaka dalam pencegahan maupun terapi pendukung ulkus lambung.
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