Formulasi Gel Patch Bawang Putih Hitam (Allium sativum L)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.24720Keywords:
Formulasi, Gel patch, Bawang putih hitamAbstract
Abstract. Black garlic (Allium sativum L.) is a fermented garlic product with more stable bioactive compounds and promising potential as an active ingredient in topical dosage forms. This study aimed to obtain the optimum formulation of a black garlic gel patch by optimizing the combination of Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC K100) and Carbopol 904 using the Design of Experiment (DoE) approach. An experimental study employing a factorial design was conducted using RStudio, with HPMC K100 (2–6%) and Carbopol 904 (0.5–2%) as formulation factors, while thickness, homogenity, and swelling index were selected as optimization responses. The optimum formulation was further evaluated for organoleptic properties, thickness, weight, homogeneity, folding endurance, elongation at break, tensile strength, pH, swelling index, and physical stability. The results demonstrated that the combination of HPMC K100 and Carbopol 904 significantly affected all optimization responses (p<0.05). The optimum formulation consisted of 2% HPMC K100 and 0.5% Carbopol 904 with a desirability value of 0.389. The optimized gel patch exhibited a thickness of 0.6 mm, pH of 5.18, swelling index of 135.53%, elongation at break of 97.5%, tensile strength of 0.48 N/mm², and remained physically stable after six heating–cooling cycles. The optimum formulation fulfilled the required physical characteristics of a gel patch.
Abstrak. Bawang putih hitam (Allium sativum L.) merupakan hasil fermentasi bawang putih yang memiliki kandungan senyawa bioaktif lebih stabil serta berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai bahan aktif sediaan topikal. Penelitian ini bertujuan memperoleh formula optimum gel patch bawang putih hitam melalui optimasi kombinasi Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC K100) dan Carbopol 904 menggunakan metode Design of Experiment (DoE). Penelitian eksperimental dilakukan dengan desain faktorial menggunakan RStudio, dengan HPMC K100 (2–6%) dan Carbopol 904 (0,5–2%) sebagai faktor, sedangkan respon optimasi meliputi ketebalan, homogenitas, dan swelling index. Formula optimum selanjutnya dievaluasi meliputi organoleptik, ketebalan, bobot, homogenitas, ketahanan lipat, elongation at break, tensile strength, pH, swelling index, dan stabilitas fisik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi HPMC K100 dan Carbopol 904 berpengaruh signifikan terhadap seluruh respon optimasi (p<0,05). Formula optimum diperoleh pada HPMC K100 2% dan Carbopol 904 0,5% dengan nilai desirability 0,389. Formula tersebut memiliki ketebalan 0,6 mm, pH 5,18, swelling index 135,53%, elongation at break 97,5%, tensile strength 0,48 N/mm², serta stabil selama enam siklus heating–cooling. Formula optimum memenuhi persyaratan karakteristik fisik gel patch.
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