Sintesis Tripeptida (Asp–His–Gly) Menggunakan Metode (SPPS) Sebagai Kandidat Aktivitas Antioksidan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.24563Keywords:
Asp–His–Gly, Peptide synthesis, AntioxidantAbstract
Abstract. Bioactive peptides have attracted considerable attention due to their potential antioxidant activity. This study aimed to synthesize the Asp–His–Gly tripeptide using the Solid Phase Peptide Synthesis (SPPS) method, characterize the synthesized product, and evaluate its antioxidant activity. The tripeptide was synthesized on 2-chlorotrityl chloride (2-CTC) resin using the Fmoc strategy through coupling, deprotection, capping, and cleavage steps. The crude peptide was characterized by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Mass Spectrometry (MS), while antioxidant activity was determined using the DPPH radical scavenging assay at 517 nm. HPLC analysis indicated that the synthesized product still contained several impurity peaks. The mass spectrum exhibited a dominant peak at m/z 385. The synthesized tripeptide showed weak antioxidant activity with an IC₅₀ value of 421.783 ppm, which was lower than that reported for the Asp–His–Gly peptide obtained from enzymatic hydrolysis of chickpea protein. The SPPS method successfully synthesized the Asp–His–Gly tripeptide; however, further optimization of coupling, deprotection, and purification is required to improve product purity and antioxidant activity.
Abstrak. Peptida bioaktif merupakan senyawa yang berpotensi sebagai antioksidan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mensintesis tripeptida Asp–His–Gly menggunakan metode Solid Phase Peptide Synthesis (SPPS), mengarakterisasi produk sintesis, serta mengevaluasi aktivitas antioksidannya. Sintesis dilakukan pada resin 2-klorotritil klorida (2-CTC) dengan strategi Fmoc melalui tahapan pengkoplingan, deproteksi, capping, dan cleavage. Produk sintesis dikarakterisasi menggunakan Kromatografi Cair Kinerja Tinggi (KCKT) dan Spektrometri Massa (MS), sedangkan aktivitas antioksidan diuji menggunakan metode DPPH pada panjang gelombang 517 nm. Kromatogram KCKT menunjukkan masih adanya beberapa puncak pengotor, sedangkan spektrometri massa menghasilkan puncak dominan pada m/z 385. Tripeptida hasil sintesis memiliki aktivitas antioksidan lemah dengan nilai IC₅₀ sebesar 421,783 ppm, lebih rendah dibandingkan peptida Asp–His–Gly hasil hidrolisis enzimatik protein kacang arab. Metode SPPS berhasil menghasilkan tripeptida Asp–His–Gly, namun diperlukan optimasi tahap pengkoplingan, deproteksi, dan pemurnian untuk meningkatkan kemurnian serta aktivitas antioksidan.
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