Biosintesis Nanopartikel Perak Menggunakan Ekstrak Daun Genjer
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29313/bcsp.v6i2.24196Keywords:
Nanopartikel perak, Green synthesis, Limnocharis flavaAbstract
Abstract. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are widely developed nanomaterials because of their potential antibacterial activity. Green synthesis using plant extracts offers an environmentally friendly alternative to synthetic reducing agents. This study aimed to synthesize and characterize AgNPs using (Limnocharis flava L.) leaf extract as a natural bioreducing agent and to evaluate their antibacterial activity. The extract was prepared by aqueous infusion and screened phytochemically for flavonoids, tannins, and phenolic compounds. AgNPs were synthesized using AgNO3 at different concentrations and extract ratios, followed by UV-Vis, Particle Size Analyzer (PSA), FTIR, and agar well diffusion characterization. The optimum formulation was obtained at 2.5 mM AgNO3 with a 7:2:1 ratio of AgNO3:extract:PVA. Formation of AgNPs was indicated by a brown color and a maximum UV-Vis absorption at 430 nm. PSA showed a mean particle size of 125.9 nm and a PDI of 0.252 after sonication. FTIR indicated shifts in O–H, C=O, and C–O functional groups, suggesting their involvement in reduction and stabilization. Antibacterial testing showed inhibition zones of 2.8 mm against Escherichia coli and 2.7 mm against Staphylococcus aureus, indicating weak activity. These findings demonstrate the potential of L. flava leaf extract as a natural bioreducing agent for AgNP synthesis, although further optimization is needed to improve antibacterial efficacy.
Abstrak. Nanopartikel perak (AgNPs) merupakan nanomaterial yang banyak dikembangkan karena berpotensi sebagai agen antibakteri. Sintesis hijau menggunakan ekstrak tanaman menjadi alternatif yang lebih ramah lingkungan dibandingkan reduktor sintetis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mensintesis dan mengkarakterisasi AgNPs menggunakan ekstrak daun genjer (Limnocharis flava L.) sebagai bioreduktor alami serta mengevaluasi aktivitas antibakterinya. Ekstrak dibuat dengan metode infusa menggunakan air dan dilakukan skrining fitokimia terhadap flavonoid, tanin, dan senyawa fenolik. AgNPs disintesis menggunakan variasi konsentrasi AgNO3 dan perbandingan ekstrak, kemudian dikarakterisasi menggunakan UV-Vis, Particle Size Analyzer (PSA), FTIR, dan uji difusi sumuran agar. Formula optimum diperoleh pada AgNO3 2,5 mM dengan perbandingan AgNO3:ekstrak:PVA sebesar 7:2:1. Pembentukan AgNPs ditandai perubahan warna menjadi cokelat dan puncak serapan maksimum UV-Vis pada 430 nm. Hasil PSA menunjukkan ukuran partikel rata-rata 125,9 nm dengan nilai PDI 0,252 setelah sonikasi. Analisis FTIR menunjukkan pergeseran gugus fungsi O–H, C=O, dan C–O yang mengindikasikan keterlibatannya dalam proses reduksi dan stabilisasi. Uji antibakteri menghasilkan zona hambat 2,8 mm terhadap Escherichia coli dan 2,7 mm terhadap Staphylococcus aureus yang tergolong lemah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun genjer berpotensi sebagai bioreduktor alami dalam sintesis AgNPs, meskipun diperlukan optimasi lebih lanjut untuk meningkatkan efektivitas antibakterinya.
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