Studi Literatur Pemanfaatan Koenzim Q10 sebagai Antioksidan
Abstract
Abstract. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is a lipophilic antioxidant that plays an important role in cellular energy metabolism and protection against oxidative stress. As we age and increase exposure to external factors such as UV rays and pollution, coenzyme Q10 levels in the body decrease, which can lead to skin aging and various degenerative diseases. This study aims to determine the dosage form of coenzyme Q10 and the route of administration and to determine the number of doses of coenzyme Q10 that are commonly used. The method used in this research is a systematic literature study by analyzing various relevant scientific sources, including international and national journals related to the use of coenzyme Q10 as an antioxidant. The study results show that coenzyme Q10 can be administered orally, topically and intravenously, with each route having different effectiveness. Oral administration is the most common, with dosage forms such as tablets, capsules, softgels, and liquids, where ubiquinol is more easily absorbed than ubiquinone. Topical application of coenzyme Q10 has been shown to increase coenzyme Q10 levels in the epidermis, reduce free radicals, and protect the skin from oxidative stress and aging due to UV and pollution. Intravenous administration shows potential in reducing damage from heart and brain infarction, but no approved clinical formulation is available. The dosage commonly used varies from 30 mg to 3000 mg.
Abstrak. Koenzim Q10 (CoQ10) adalah antioksidan lipofilik yang berperan penting dalam metabolisme energi seluler dan perlindungan terhadap stres oksidatif. Seiring bertambahnya usia dan meningkatnya paparan faktor eksternal seperti sinar UV dan polusi, kadar koenzim Q10 dalam tubuh menurun, yang dapat menyebabkan penuaan kulit dan berbagai penyakit degeneratif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bentuk sediaan dari koenzim Q10 serta rute pemberiannya dan untuk mengetahui jumlah dosis dari koenzim Q10 yang biasa digunakan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah studi literatur sistematis dengan menganalisis berbagai sumber ilmiah yang relevan, termasuk jurnal internasional dan nasional terkait pemanfaatan koenzim Q10 sebagai antioksidan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa koenzim Q10 dapat diberikan melalui oral, topikal, dan intravena, dengan masing-masing rute memiliki efektivitas berbeda. Pemberian oral adalah yang paling umum, dengan bentuk sediaan seperti tablet, kapsul, softgel, dan cairan, di mana ubiquinol lebih mudah diserap dibandingkan ubiquinone. Aplikasi topikal koenzim Q10 terbukti meningkatkan kadar koenzim Q10 di epidermis, mengurangi radikal bebas, dan melindungi kulit dari stres oksidatif serta penuaan akibat UV dan polusi. Pemberian intravena menunjukkan potensi dalam mengurangi kerusakan akibat infark jantung dan otak, tetapi belum tersedia formulasi klinis yang disetujui. Dosis yang biasa digunakan beragam mulai dari 30 mg hingga 3000 mg.
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