Penetapan Kadar Flavonoid Total Ekstrak Kulit Buah Lamtoro (Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit)
Abstract
Abstract. Flavonoids are secondary metabolite compounds with biological activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties. These compounds are widely found in various parts of plants, including fruit peels. One potential source of flavonoids is the lamtoro (Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit) fruit peel, which has been underutilized. This study aims to determine the total flavonoid content in lamtoro fruit peel using the UV-Vis spectrophotometry method with AlCl₃ reagent. The sample was extracted using 70% ethanol as a solvent through maceration, followed by total flavonoid content analysis by measuring absorbance at a wavelength of 428.25 nm. The results showed that lamtoro fruit peel contains a significant amount of flavonoids, with a total flavonoid content of 17.987%, indicating its potential as a natural antioxidant source.
Abstrak. Flavonoid merupakan senyawa metabolit sekunder yang memiliki aktivitas biologis, seperti antioksidan, antiinflamasi, dan antimikroba. Senyawa ini banyak ditemukan dalam berbagai bagian tumbuhan, termasuk kulit buah. Salah satu sumber flavonoid yang potensial adalah kulit buah lamtoro (Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit), yang selama ini kurang dimanfaatkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kadar flavonoid total dalam kulit buah lamtoro menggunakan metode spektrofotometri UV-Vis dengan reagen AlCl₃. Sampel diekstraksi menggunakan pelarut etanol 70% melalui metode maserasi, kemudian dilakukan analisis kadar flavonoid total dengan mengukur absorbansi pada panjang gelombang 428,25 nm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kulit buah lamtoro mengandung flavonoid dalam jumlah yang cukup signifikan yaitu sebesar 17,987% yang berpotensi dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber antioksidan alami.
References
(2) Aksara R, Musa WJE, Alio L. (2013). Identifikasi Senyawa Alkaloid dari Ekstrak Metanol Kulit buah Batang Mangga (Mangifera indica L). Jurnal Entropi. 8(1); 514- 519
(3) Asworo, R. Y., & Widwiastuti, H. (2023). Pengaruh Ukuran Serbuk Simplisia dan Waktu Maserasi terhadap Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Kulit Sirsak. Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, 3(2). https://doi.org/10.37311/ijpe.v3i2.19906
(4) Bussmann RW, Glenn A, Sharon D. (2010). Antibacterial activity of medicinal plants of Northern Peru – can traditional applications provide leads for modern science? Indian J Tradit Med.;9(4):742–53
(5) Cowan M. M. (1999). Plant products as antimicrobial agents. Clinical microbiology reviews, 12(4), 564–582. https://doi.org/10.1128/CMR.12.4.564
(6) Chowtivannakul, P., Srichaikul, B., & Talubmook, C. (2016). Antidiabetic and antioxidant activities of seed extract from Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit. Agriculture and Natural Resources, 50, 357-361. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ANRES.2016.06.007
(7) Fowler, J. D., Allen, M. J., Tung, V. C., Yang, Y., Kaner, R. B., & Weiller, B. H. (2009). Practical chemical sensors from chemically derived graphene. ACS nano, 3(2), 301–306. https://doi.org/10.1021/nn800593m
(8) Harborne, J. B. (1998). Phytochemical methods: A guide to modern techniques of plant analysis (3rd ed.). Chapman & Hall.
(9) Hassan, R. A., Tawfik, W. A., & Abou-Setta, L. M. (2013). The flavonoid constitunts of Leucaena leucocephala. Growing in Egypt, and their biological activity. African journal of traditional, complementary, and alternative medicines : AJTCAM, 11(1), 67–72
(10) Hernawati, D., Suharyati, S., Nurkamilah, S., & Biologi, P. (2020). Perbanding Antibakteri Bawang Putih ( Allium sativum ) Dengan Varietas Berbeda Secara In Vitro Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Escherichia coli.an Aktivitas. 2, 1–10
(11) Hsu, Ya-Ling, Po-Lin Kuo, Liang-Tzung Lin, and Chun-Ching Lin. (2005). Asiatic Acid, a Triterpene, Induces Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest through Activation of Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase and p38 MitogenActivated Protein Kinase Pathways in Human Breast Cancer Cells. The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. Vol.313(1): 333–344
(12) Jucá, M. M., Cysne Filho, F. M. S., de Almeida, J. C., Mesquita, D. d. S., Barriga, J. R. d. M., Dias, K. C. F., et al. (2020). Flavonoids: biological activities and therapeutic potential. Nat. Prod. Res. 34, 692–705. https://doi.org/10.1080/14786419.2018.1493588
(13) Kaleem, Muhammad & Ahmad, Asif. (2018). Flavonoids as Nutraceuticals. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-814625-5.00008-X
(14) Markham, K. R. (1988). Techniques of flavonoid identification. Academic Press.
(15) Maryam, F., Taebe, B., & Toding, D. P. (2020). Pengukuran Parameter Spesifik Dan Non Spesifik Ekstrak Etanol Daun Matoa (Pometia pinnata J.R & G.Forst). Jurnal Mandala Pharmacon Indonesia, 6(01), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.35311/jmpi.v6i01.39
(16) Muslihin, A., & Budiyanto, A. (2023). PENETAPAN KADAR SARI LARUT AIR, KADAR SARI LARUT ETANOL DAN IDENTIFIKASI ALKALOID PADA EKSTRAK ETANOL 96% DAUN KERSEN (Muntingia calabura L.). JURNAL ETNOFARMASI, 1(02), 6. Retrieved from https://unimuda.e-journal.id/jurnalfarmasiunimuda/article/view/4633
(17) Rivai, H. (2021). PETAI CINA (Leucaena leucocephala): Penggunaan Tradisional, Fitokimia, dan Aktivitas Farmakologi (Issue February). Deepublisher. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/349252393_PETAI_CINA_Leucaena_leucocephala_Penggunaan_Tradisional_Fitokimia_dan_Aktivitas_Farmakologi
(18) Retnaningtyas, Y., Kristiningrum, N., Renggani, H. D., & Narindra, N. P. (2016). Karakteristik Simplisia dan Teh Herbal Daun Kopi Arabika ( Coffea arabica ). Farmasi Jember, 1(1), 46– 54
(19) Salem, A.Z.M., Salem, M.Z.M., Gonzales-Ronquilo, M., Camacho, L.M., Cerrillo, L.M., Cipriano, M., 2011. Major chemical constituents of Leucaena leucocephala and Salix babylonica leaf extracts. J. Trop. Agric. 49, 95e98
(20) Sarker, S. D., & Nahar, L. (2012). Natural products isolation (2nd ed.). Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-624-1
(21) Syamsudin, D., & Simanjuntak, S. P., 2006. The effects of Leucaena leucocephala (lmk) de Wit seeds on blood sugar levels: an experimental study. Int. J. Sci. Res, 2.
(22) Wagner, H., & Bladt, S. (1996). Plant drug analysis: A thin layer chromatography atlas (2nd ed.). Springer-Verlag. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03362-1
(23) Walton CS. (2003). Leucaena (Leucaena leucocephala) in Queensland. Pest Status Review Series - Land Protection. Department of Natural Resource Management, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
