Hubungan Postur Kerja dengan Keluhan Musculoskeletal pada PKL tahun 2024

Abstract

Abstract. Work postures that are not ergonomic can cause musculoskeletal disorders. In Indonesia, the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders diagnosed by medical personnel is around 11.9%, while based on symptoms, the prevalence reaches 24.7%. This disorder is also increasing in various provinces, such as in West Java. Street vendors are prone to musculoskeletal disorders due to non-ergonomic work postures and prolonged repetitive physical activity. This study aims to analyze the relationship between work posture and musculoskeletal complaints in street vendors in 2024. This study used an observational analytic design with a cross-sectional approach. Respondents consisted of 58 street vendors in Taman Sari Village. Data were collected using the Nordic Body Map (NBM) questionnaire and the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) method. Data analysis was performed using the chi-square test. The results showed that 80% of respondents experienced musculoskeletal disorders. Statistical analysis resulted in a P value of <0.201, indicating there was no significant relationship between work posture and musculoskeletal disorders. Although the results were not significant, other factors such as workload, body mass index, age, environmental factors and work duration may have influenced the results. Further research needs to consider these factors to obtain more comprehensive results. Prevention and intervention are still needed to reduce the risk of musculoskeletal disorders.

Abstrak. Postur kerja yang tidak ergonomi dapat menimbulkan keluhan musculoskeletal. Di Indonesia, prevalensi musculoskeletal disorder yang terdiagnosis oleh tenaga medis sekitar 11,9%, sementara berdasarkan gejala, prevalensinya mencapai 24,7%. keluhan  ini juga meningkat di berbagai provinsi, seperti di Jawa Barat. Pedagang kaki lima rentan mengalami keluhan musculoskeletal akibat postur kerja yang tidak ergonomis dan aktivitas fisik berulang dalam waktu lama. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis hubungan antara postur kerja dengan keluhan musculoskeletal pada pedagang kaki lima tahun 2024. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain analitik observasional dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Responden terdiri dari 58 pedagang kaki lima di Kelurahan Taman Sari. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner Nordic Body Map (NBM) dan metode Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA). Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji Chi-square. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa 80% responden mengalami keluhan musculoskeletal. Analisis statistik menghasilkan nilai p<0,201, menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan signifikan antara postur kerja dan keluhan musculoskeletal. Meskipun hasil tidak signifikan, faktor lain seperti beban kerja, indeks massa tubuh, usia, faktor lingkungan, dan durasi kerja mungkin memengaruhi hasil. Penelitian lebih lanjut perlu mempertimbangkan faktor-faktor ini untuk mendapatkan hasil yang lebih komprehensif. Pencegahan dan intervensi tetap diperlukan untuk mengurangi risiko keluhan musculoskeletal.