Hubungan Aktivitas Fisik terhadap Usia Menarche pada Anak Sekolah Dasar di Kota Bandung
Abstract
Abstract. Menarche is an early indicator of female reproductive life influenced by factors such as physical activity and sedentary lifestyle. The declining age of menarche raises health concerns, including risks of obesity, cardiovascular diseases, and breast cancer. This study analyzed the relationship between physical activity, sedentary lifestyle, and the age of menarche among elementary school children in Bandung. The study used an analytical observational design with a cross-sectional approach. Subjects were 99 female students in grades 3–6 at Bandung Islamic School (BISc). Data were collected using the PAQ-C questionnaire for physical activity and ASAQ for sedentary lifestyle and analyzed univariately and bivariately using the Chi-square test and prevalence ratio with a 95% confidence interval. Results showed that most respondents had very low physical activity levels (80.81%), only 2.02% had high physical activity, and all had a mild sedentary lifestyle (100%). Normal menarche age (≥11 years) was observed in 28.28% of respondents, while 8.08% experienced early menarche (<11 years). Analysis revealed no significant relationship between physical activity and the age of menarche (p = 0.94). The relationship between sedentary lifestyle and menarche age could not be analyzed due to the lack of respondents with high sedentary levels. These findings suggest that low physical activity does not correlate with the age of menarche, aligning with previous studies emphasizing the greater influence of genetic and nutritional factors. The results may reflect the urban lifestyle patterns and the homogeneous study population from a single school.
Abstrak. Menarche adalah indikator awal kehidupan reproduksi perempuan yang dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor, termasuk aktivitas fisik dan gaya hidup sedentari. Penurunan usia menarche menjadi perhatian karena berdampak pada risiko kesehatan seperti obesitas, penyakit kardiovaskular, dan kanker payudara. Penelitian ini untuk menganalisis hubungan antara aktivitas fisik dan gaya hidup sedentari dengan usia menarche pada anak sekolah dasar di Kota Bandung. Desain penelitian menggunakan analitik observasional dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Subjek penelitian adalah 99 siswa perempuan kelas 3-6 di Bandung Islamic School (BISc). Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner PAQ-C untuk aktivitas fisik dan ASAQ untuk gaya hidup sedentari. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat dan bivariat menggunakan uji Chi-square dan prevalence ratio dengan 95% CI. Sebagian besar responden memiliki aktivitas fisik sangat rendah (80,81%), hanya 2,02% yang memiliki aktivitas fisik tinggi, dan semua responden memiliki gaya hidup sedentari ringan (100%). Usia menarche normal (≥11 tahun) ditemukan 28,28% responden, sementara 8,08% mengalami menarche dini (<11 tahun). Analisis menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan signifikan antara aktivitas fisik dengan usia menarche (p = 0,94), dan hubungan gaya hidup sedentari dengan usia menarche tidak dapat dianalisis. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa tingkat aktivitas fisik rendah tidak berkorelasi dengan usia menarche, konsisten dengan penelitian sebelumnya yang menyoroti pengaruh lebih besar dari faktor genetik dan status gizi. Rendahnya prevalensi aktivitas fisik tinggi pada responden juga mencerminkan pola umum gaya hidup anak usia sekolah di wilayah urban dan meskipun semua responden memiliki gaya hidup sedentari ringan, hasil ini bisa dipengaruhi oleh karakteristik populasi penelitian yang homogen, yaitu siswa dari satu sekolah saja.
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