Hubungan Usia dan Kontrasepsi Hormonal dengan Fibroadenoma Mammae pada Pasien di Polikinik Bedah Rumah Sakit SMC Tasikmalaya Tahun 2022–2023

Abstract

Abstract. Approximately 1.3 million women worldwide are diagnosed with breast tumors and cancer each year. Fibroadenoma mammae is the leading cause of breast lumps in women of reproductive age. Women with fibroadenoma mammae have up to twice the risk of developing breast cancer in the future, triggered by factors such as age and the use of hormonal contraceptives. This study aims to analyze the relationship between age and the use of hormonal contraceptives with fibroadenoma mammae in patients at the Surgical Outpatient Clinic of SMC Hospital Tasikmalaya during 2022–2023, with data collection conducted from September to December 2024.This research employs an observational analytic study with a case-control approach. Data collection used secondary data obtained from medical records, and the data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate tests, including the chi-square statistical test. The study involved 106 respondents, the majority of whom were in early to late adolescence (12–25 years old), comprising 63.2%. Among the respondents, 52.8% did not use hormonal contraceptives, while the proportion of subjects with and without fibroadenoma mammae was evenly distributed at 50%. The analysis revealed a significant relationship between age and the use of hormonal contraceptives with fibroadenoma mammae, with p-values of 0.000 and 0.002, respectively. Fibroadenoma mammae may also be influenced by other contributing factors, such as the age at menarche, dietary patterns, and a history of not breastfeeding. In conclusion, there is a significant relationship between age and the use of hormonal contraceptives with fibroadenoma mammae.

Abstrak. Sekitar 1.3 juta wanita di seluruh dunia setiap tahun didiagnosis tumor dan kanker payudara. Fibroadenoma mammae merupakan penyebab utama benjolan pada wanita usia subur. Wanita fibroadenoma mammae memiliki risiko hingga 2 kali akan mengalami kanker payudara di masa mendatang yang dipicu oleh beberapa faktor seperti usia dan penggunaan kontrasepsi hormonal.  Penelitian ini bertujuan menganaliis hubungan usia dan penggunaan kontrasepsi hormonal dengan fibroadenoma mammae pada pasien di Polikinik Bedah Rumah Sakit SMC Tasikmalaya tahun 2022–2023. Metode penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik observasional dengan pendekatan kasus kontrol. Pengumpulan data menggunakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari rekam medis. Data dianalisis dengan uji univariat dan biavariat menggunakan uji statistik chi-square. Jumlah subjek 106 responden,  mayoritas berusia dewasa awal dan akhir (25–40 tahun) sebanyak 63,2%; tidak menggunakan kontrasepsi hormonal 52,8%; sedangkan jumlah subjek yang mengalami FAM dan tidak masing-masing 50%. Hasil analisis hubungan usia dan penggunaan kontrasepsi hormonal dengan fibroadenoma mammae bermakna dengan nilai p berturut-turut <0,001 dan 0,002. FAM dapat dipicu oleh kontribusi usia dan kontrasepsi hormonal karena kadar hormon estrogen dan progesteron yang memicu proliferasi jaringan payudara.