Karakteristik Pasien Tuberkulosis Paru dengan Anemia di RSUD Al-Ihsan Tahun 2023

  • Dian Renanda Aulia Putri Prodi Pendidikan Dokter, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Islam Bandung, Indonesia.
  • Agung Firmansyah
  • Harvi Puspa
Keywords: Anemia, Tuberkulosis Paru, Hemoglobin

Abstract

Abstract. Tuberculosis (TB) is a disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Indonesia is in 3rd place in the country with the highest TB cases in the world after India and China. From January to August 2022, 125,000 TB cases were reported in West Java. Chronic diseases such as tuberculosis can cause anemia. Anemia has been proven to be a factor in the development and death of TB patients, and shows that anemia is associated with a poor prognosis for TB patients. Cases of anemia in TB patients range from 20% to 94%. This study aims to determine the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis with anemia in adult patients at Al-Ihsan Regional General Hospital in 2023. The sample selection technique for this study used a total sampling technique, involving 163 people as subjects, but only 80 people met the inclusion criteria, while the rest do not meet the criteria and are included in the exclusion category. This research uses a descriptive observational method with a cross-sectional approach. Data collection was carried out using medical records at Al-Ihsan Regional Hospital which contained Hb tests. The results of this study showed that the majority of pulmonary tuberculosis patients at Al-Ihsan Hospital who experienced anemia were male (69.7%). The majority of pulmonary tuberculosis patients who suffer from anemia are in the age range 26-35 years (63.2%) A total of (52.5%) pulmonary tuberculosis patients suffer from anemia out of 80 pulmonary tuberculosis patients, with the majority being male and in the range aged 17-25 years.

Abstrak. Tuberkulosis (TBC) adalah penyakit yang disebabkan oleh infeksi Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Indonesia berada di urutan ke-3 negara dengan kasus TBC tertinggi di dunia setelah India dan Cina. Bulan Januari sampai Agustus 2022 sebanyak 125.000 kasus TBC dilaporkan di Jawa Barat. Penyakit kronis seperti tuberkulosis dapat menyebabkan anemia. Anemia telah terbukti menjadi faktor terhadap perkembangan dan kematian pada pasien TBC, serta menunjukan bahwa anemia berhubungan dengan buruknya prognosis pasien TBC. Kasus anemia pada pasien TBC berkisar antara 20% sampai 94%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran kejadian tuberkulosis paru dengan anemia pada pasien dewasa di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Al-Ihsan tahun 2023.Teknik pemilihan sampel penelitian ini menggunakan tekniktotal sampling, dengan melibatkan 163 orang sebagai subjek, namun hanya 80 orang yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi, sementara sisanya tidak memenuhi kriteria dan termasuk dalam kategori eksklusi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode observasional deskriptif dengan pendekatan potong lintang. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan rekam medis RSUD Al-Ihsan yang terdapat pemeriksaan Hb. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan pasien tuberkulosis paru di RSUD Al-Ihsan yang mengalami anemia mayoritas berjenis kelamin laki-laki (69,7%). Pasien tuberkulosis paru yang mengalami anemia mayoritas dalam rentang usia 26-35 tahun (63,2%) Sebanyak (52,5%) pasien tuberkulosis paru yang menderita anemia dari 80 pasien tuberkulosis paru, dengan mayoritas berjenis kelamin laki-laki dan berada di rentang usia 17-25 tahun.

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Published
2025-02-02