Hubungan Postur Kerja dengan Keluhan Nyeri Punggung Bawah pada Pekerja UMKM Mini Plant Duta Bagian Pengupasan Rajungan Desa Gebang Mekar Kabupaten Cirebon Tahun 2024

Anjali Gangga Nadhifah; Budiman; Raden Ganang Ibnusantosa

doi:10.29313/bcsms.v5i1.16715

Anjali Gangga Nadhifah Prodi Pendidikan Dokter, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Islam Bandung, Indonesia.
Budiman Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Islam Bandung
Raden Ganang Ibnusantosa Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Islam Bandung

DOI: https://doi.org/10.29313/bcsms.v5i1.16715

Keywords: Nyeri Punggung Bawah, Pekerja Pengupasan Rajungan, Postur Kerja

Abstract

Abstract. Many workers in Indonesia report experiencing back pain, one of the causes of which is poor ergonomic posture. This study aims to analyze the relationship between work posture and complaints of lower back pain among crab shelling workers at Mini Plant Duta Desa Gebang Mekar, Cirebon Regency, in 2024. This research employs a quantitative, observational-analytic method with a cross-sectional design. The study subjects consist of 73 workers engaged in crab shelling at Mini Plant Duta. Observations of work postures carried out directly using the BRIEF Survey questionnaire which showed that subjects with non-ergonomic lower back work postures were 68 people (93.15%). Complaints of low back pain were collected through the Nordic Body Map questionnaire which showed that 10 people (13.7%) felt pain in the lower back. The description of low back pain complaints using the Body Discomfort Map questionnaire showed that the most pain complaints were felt in the buttocks body part, namely 43 people (58.90%). The Chi-Square test results yielded a p-value of 0.356 (p > 0.05), indicating no significant relationship between work posture and lower back pain complaints. This study suggests that other factors such as obesity, age, and work duration may contribute to the occurrence of lower back pain.

Abstrak. Banyak pekerja di Indonesia yang mengelehukan nyeri punggung, salah satu penyebab nyeri punggung bagi pekerja adalah postur yang tidak ergonomis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara postur kerja dengan keluhan nyeri punggung bawah pada pekerja pengupas rajungan di Mini Plant Duta Desa Gebang Mekar, Kabupaten Cirebon, pada tahun 2024. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif, observasional analitik menggunakan desain cross sectional. Subjek penelitian ini adalah 73 pekerja yang bekerja dalam pengupasan rajungan Mini Plant Duta. Pengamatan postur kerja dilakukan secara langsung menggunakan kuesioner BRIEF Survey yang menunjukkan bahwa subjek dengan postur kerja punggung bawah yang tidak ergonomis sebanyak 68 orang (93,15%). Keluhan nyeri punggung bawah dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner Nordic Body Map yang menunjukkan bahwa yang merasakan nyeri pada punggung bawah sebanyak 10 orang (13,7%). Gambaran keluhan nyeri punggung bawah menggunakan kuesioner Body Discomfort Map yang menunjukkan bahwa keluhan nyeri paling banyak dirasakan pada bagian tubuh bokong yakni sebanyak 43 orang (58,90%). Hasil uji Chi- Square menghasilkan p-value 0,356 (p > 0,05), yang menunjukkan tidak adanya hubungan signifikan antara postur kerja dan keluhan nyeri punggung bawah. Penelitian ini mengindikasikan bahwa faktor lain seperti obesitas, usia, dan lama kerja dapat berperan dalam timbulnya nyeri punggung bawah.

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