Efek Ekstrak Etil Asetat Daun Salam terhadap Kadar Asam Urat Tikus Jantan Galur Wistar yang Diinduksi Pakan Tinggi Purin dan Kalium Oksonat
Abstract
Abstract. Hyperuricemia is a condition where uric acid levels in the blood increase and increase the risk of conditions such as gout arthritis, kidney stone formation, kidney damage, and hypertension. Management of hyperuricemia can use natural ingredients that have antihyperuricemic effects. One of the natural ingredients is bay leaves. This study aims to analyze the effect of bay leaf ethyl acetate extract on reducing uric acid levels in male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) with a hyperuricemia model. The study was conducted using a purely experimental method with sample selection using simple random sampling. The sample of this study was 30 male rats and was divided into 5 groups, namely the negative group (CMC 1%), positive control (Allopurinol), and three treatment groups that received bay leaf ethyl acetate extract, namely treatment group I (210 mg/kgBW), treatment group II (420 mg/kgBW), and treatment group III (840 mg/kgBW). The rats were induced with high purine and potassium oxonate feed. Uric acid levels were measured using a spectrophotometer, which was measured twice (t1 as pretest and t2 as posttest), with an average result of t1 (2.011 mg/dL) and t2 (1.657 mg/dL). The results of the uric acid levels showed a decrease compared to before the extract was given. Then the data obtained were analyzed using the repeated ANOVA test, with the results of the analysis showing a significant difference between blood uric acid levels before and after the extract was given with a value (p <0.05). These results show that there is an antihyperuricemic effect of bay leaves because they contain many active substances such as flavonoids, tannins, and alkaloids. Hyperuricemia is a condition where uric acid levels in the blood increase and increase the risk of conditions such as gout arthritis, kidney stone formation, kidney damage, and hypertension. Management of hyperuricemia can use natural ingredients that have antihyperuricemic effects. One of the natural ingredients is bay leaves. This study aims to analyze the effect of bay leaf ethyl acetate extract on reducing uric acid levels in male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) with a hyperuricemia model. The study was conducted using a purely experimental method with sample selection using simple random sampling. The sample of this study was 30 male rats and was divided into 5 groups, namely the negative group (CMC 1%), positive control (Allopurinol), and three treatment groups that received bay leaf ethyl acetate extract, namely treatment group I (210 mg/kgBW), treatment group II (420 mg/kgBW), and treatment group III (840 mg/kgBW). The rats were induced with high purine and potassium oxonate feed. Uric acid levels were measured using a spectrophotometer, which was measured twice (t1 as pretest and t2 as posttest), with an average result of t1 (2.011 mg/dL) and t2 (1.657 mg/dL). The results of the uric acid levels showed a decrease compared to before the extract was given. Then the data obtained were analyzed using the repeated ANOVA test, with the results of the analysis showing a significant difference between blood uric acid levels before and after the extract was given with a value (p <0.05). These results show that there is an antihyperuricemic effect of bay leaves because they contain many active substances such as flavonoids, tannins, and alkaloids.
Abstrak. Hiperurisemia adalah kondisi kadar asam urat dalam darah meningkat dan meningkatkan risiko terjadinya kondisi seperti gout artritis, pembentukan batu ginjal, kerusakan ginjal, dan hipertensi. Penatalaksanaan hiperurisemia dapat mengunakan bahan alam yang mempunyai efek antihiperurisemia. Salah satu bahan alam yaitu daun salam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh efek ekstrak etil asetat daun salam terhadap penurunan kadar asam urat pada tikus jantan galur wistar (Rattus norvegicus) model hiperurisemia. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan metode eksperimental murni dengan pemilahan sampel menggunakan simple random sampling. Sampel penelitian ini adalah 30 ekor tikus jantan dan dibagi dalam 5 kelompok, yaitu kelompok negatif (CMC 1%), kontrol positif (Allopurinol), dan tiga kelompok perlakuan yang mendapat ekstrak etil asetat daun salam yaitu kelompok perlakuan I (210 mg/kgBB), kelompok perlakuan II (420 mg/kgBB), dan kelompok perlakuan III (840 mg/kgBB). Tikus diinduksi dengan pakan tinggi purin dan kalium oksonat. Kadar asam urat diukur dengan menggunakan alat spektrofotometer, yang dilakukan pengukuran sebanyak 2 kali (t1 sebagai pretest dan t2 sebagai posttest), dengan hasil rerata t1(2,011 mg/dL) dan t2 (1,657 mg/dL). Hasil dari kadar asam urat ini menunjukkan terdapat adanya penurunan dibandingkan sebelum diberi ekstrak. Kemudian data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan uji repeated ANOVA, dengan hasil analisis menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan signifikan antara kadar asam urat darah sebelum dan sesudah pemberian ekstrak dengan nilai (p <0,05). Hasil tersebut memperlihatkan bahwa terdapat efek antihiperurisemia dari daun salam karena mengandung banyak zat aktif seperti flavanoid, tanin, dan alkaloid.
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