Hubungan Pemberian ASI Eksklusif dengan Kejadian Stunting di Desa Kertawangi Kabupaten Bandung Barat Tahun 2023

Salmavita Aurelliasani; Usep Abdullah Husin; Siti Annisa Devi Trusda

doi:10.29313/bcsms.v5i1.16603

Salmavita Aurelliasani Prodi Pendidikan Dokter, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Islam Bandung, Indonesia.
Usep Abdullah Husin Fakultas kedokteran Universitas Islam Bandung
Siti Annisa Devi Trusda Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Islam Bandung

DOI: https://doi.org/10.29313/bcsms.v5i1.16603

Keywords: ASI Eksklusif, Stunting, Balita

Abstract

Abstract. The prevalence of stunting in Indonesia is 24.4%, with West Java reporting 8.85% (20,461 toddlers). Exclusive breastfeeding during the first six months is crucial in preventing stunting. This study analyzes the relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and stunting incidence in Kertawangi Village, West Bandung Regency. Using an observational analytic-quantitative method with a case-control design and purposive sampling, the study involved 45 mothers with toddlers at Posyandu Anyelir 6. Primary data were collected through questionnaires, while secondary data on toddlers' weight and height were obtained from health records (KMS). The Fisher Exact and odds ratio tests were used for analysis. Results showed that among 30 stunted toddlers, only 12 received exclusive breastfeeding. A significant relationship was found between exclusive breastfeeding and stunting (p < 0.001). The odds ratio (OR = 7) indicated that toddlers without exclusive breastfeeding were seven times more likely to experience stunting. This study concludes that exclusive breastfeeding significantly reduces the risk of stunting. Based on these findings, it is recommended that mothers provide exclusive breastfeeding to minimize stunting risk. Increased awareness, education, and support from healthcare professionals and the community are essential to promoting exclusive breastfeeding practices.

Abstrak. Prevalensi stunting di Indonesia mencapai 24,4%, dengan Jawa Barat melaporkan angka sebesar 8,85% (20.461 balita). Pemberian ASI eksklusif selama enam bulan pertama sangat penting dalam mencegah stunting. Penelitian ini menganalisis hubungan antara pemberian ASI eksklusif dan kejadian stunting di Desa Kertawangi, Kabupaten Bandung Barat. Dengan menggunakan metode analitik observasional-kuantitatif, desain kasus-kontrol, dan teknik purposive sampling, penelitian ini melibatkan 45 ibu dengan balita di Posyandu Anyelir 6. Data primer dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner, sedangkan data sekunder mengenai berat dan tinggi badan balita diperoleh dari catatan kesehatan (KMS). Analisis dilakukan menggunakan uji Fisher Exact dan uji rasio odds. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 30 balita stunting, hanya 12 yang menerima ASI eksklusif. Ditemukan hubungan yang signifikan antara pemberian ASI eksklusif dan kejadian stunting (p < 0,001). Uji rasio odds (OR = 7) menunjukkan bahwa balita yang tidak mendapatkan ASI eksklusif memiliki risiko tujuh kali lebih besar mengalami stunting. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa pemberian ASI eksklusif secara signifikan menurunkan risiko stunting. Berdasarkan temuan ini, disarankan agar ibu memberikan ASI eksklusif untuk meminimalkan risiko stunting. Peningkatan kesadaran, edukasi, serta dukungan dari tenaga kesehatan dan masyarakat sangat penting untuk mendorong praktik pemberian ASI eksklusif.

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