Perbandingan Daya Hambat Ekstrak Etanol Kopi Arabika (Coffea arabica) dan Kunyit (Curcuma longa) terhadap Pertumbuhan Cutibacterium Acnes
Abstract
Abstract. Cutibacterium acnes resistance to conventional acne treatments highlights the urgent need for alternative therapies. This study evaluated the antibacterial potential of ethanol extracts from Arabica coffee and turmeric against C. acnes in vitro, using cultures standardized to McFarland 0.5. Data analysis included Shapiro-Wilk (p = 0.001), Levene’s test (p = 0.00007), and Kruskal-Wallis comparisons. Arabica coffee extract at 75% concentration exhibited the strongest antibacterial activity, producing a 25.4 mm inhibition zone, significantly outperforming erythromycin (14.2 mm, p = 0.009) and turmeric (7.5 mm, p = 0.003). Turmeric also showed significantly lower inhibition compared to erythromycin (p = 0.012). At 100% concentration, Arabica’s efficacy slightly declined, potentially due to compound interactions. These findings suggest that Arabica coffee ethanol extract, particularly at 75%, has significant antibacterial potential against C.acnes surpassing both erythromycin and turmeric under these experimental conditions. While promising, the results are preliminary and require further validation through broader concentration ranges, detailed compound analyses, and clinical trials. This study highlights Arabica coffee extract as a strong candidate for developing alternative acne treatments, addressing the growing challenge of antibiotic resistance in C. acnes. Its potential merits deeper investigation into its mechanisms and therapeutic applications.
Abstrak. Resistensi Cutibacterium acnes terhadap pengobatan jerawat konvensional menunjukkan perlunya pengembangan terapi alternatif. Penelitian ini meneliti potensi antibakteri ekstrak etanol kopi Arabika dan kunyit terhadap C. acnes secara in vitro, menggunakan kultur bakteri yang distandarisasi sesuai McFarland 0,5. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan uji Shapiro-Wilk (p = 0,001), uji Levene (p = 0,00007), dan uji Kruskal-Wallis. Ekstrak kopi Arabika dengan konsentrasi 75% menghasilkan aktivitas antibakteri tertinggi dengan zona hambat 25,4 mm, secara signifikan lebih besar dibandingkan eritromisin (14,2 mm, p = 0,009) dan kunyit (7,5 mm, p = 0,003). Selain itu, hambatan yang dihasilkan kunyit secara signifikan lebih rendah dibandingkan eritromisin (p = 0,012). Pada konsentrasi 100%, efektivitas ekstrak kopi Arabika sedikit menurun, kemungkinan akibat interaksi antar senyawa. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol kopi Arabika, terutama pada konsentrasi 75%, memiliki potensi antibakteri yang cukup baik terhadap C. acnes, melampaui aktivitas eritromisin dan kunyit pada kondisi eksperimental ini. Meskipun demikian, temuan ini masih bersifat awal dan memerlukan penelitian lebih lanjut, seperti pengujian pada rentang konsentrasi yang lebih luas, analisis senyawa aktif, serta uji klinis. Penelitian ini mengidentifikasi ekstrak kopi Arabika sebagai kandidat potensial untuk terapi jerawat alternatif, yang dapat membantu mengatasi masalah resistensi antibiotik pada C. acnes. Potensi ini perlu dikaji lebih mendalam terkait mekanisme dan manfaat terapeutiknya.
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