Gambaran Elektrokardiogram pada Perokok Usia Muda di Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas X
Abstract
Abstract. Smoking is a major risk factor for morbidity and mortality from heart disease. This study aimed to describe the characteristics of electrocardiograms (ECGs) in young adult male smokers at the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Bandung. Thirty active smokers who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria participated. Data were collected from ECG examinations taken after 30 minutes rest and absence of smoking, along with questionnaires, including smoking history, blood pressure, weight, height, and waist circumference. Univariate analysis was used. The majority of respondents (63%) had a regular heart rhythm. There was a trend of increased heart rate with increased cigarette consumption. Some QT interval parameters showed significant variations among smoking groups, although these were not statistically significant. One respondent showed a prolonged QT interval, and another showed T-wave inversion. Most respondents (73.3%) had a normal transitional zone. Fragmented QRS complexes were observed in 70% of respondents. There were some notable ECG changes in young adults population. Further research is needed to confirm the causal relationship and consider other influencing factors.
Abstrak. Merokok merupakan faktor risiko utama morbiditas dan mortalitas penyakit jantung. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan karakteristik elektrokardiogram (EKG) pada mahasiswa perokok usia muda di Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Islam Bandung. Terdapat 30 mahasiswa perokok aktif yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Data dikumpulkan melalui pemeriksaan EKG yang diambil setelah 30 menit beristirahat dan tidak merokok, serta pengisian formulir yang meliputi riwayat merokok, tekanan darah, berat badan, tinggi badan, dan lingkar pinggang. Analisis data menggunakan analisis univariat. Sebagian besar responden (63%) memiliki irama jantung yang teratur. Terdapat kecenderungan peningkatan frekuensi jantung seiring dengan bertambahnya jumlah rokok yang dikonsumsi. Beberapa parameter interval QT menunjukkan variasi yang signifikan antar kelompok perokok dengan jumlah konsumsi yang berbeda, meskipun tidak secara statistik signifikan. Satu responden menunjukkan pemanjangan interval QT dan satu lagi memiliki inversi gelombang T. Sebagian besar responden (73.3%) memiliki transitional zone yang normal. Sebanyak 70% responden menunjukkan fragmented QRS. Terdapat perubahan EKG pada perokok muda yang mungkin mencerminkan dampak pada kesehatan jantung pada populasi muda. Penelitian lebih lanjut diperlukan untuk mengkonfirmasi hubungan sebab-akibat dan mempertimbangkan faktor lain yang memengaruhi.
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