Pengaruh Pola Makan Buah dan Sayur pada Lingkar Pinggang
Abstract
Abstract. Obesity is a complex health problem caused by various factors and characterized by the accumulation of excess body fat that adversely affects health. Based on 2016 WHO data, more than 1.9 billion adults in the world are overweight, with 650 million of them classified as obese, while in Indonesia, the 2018 Riskesdas recorded an obesity prevalence of 28.7% (BMI >25) and 15.4% (BMI >27) according to the 2015-2019 RPJMN. Obesity is a major concern in the 2030 SDGs agenda because it can increase the risk of non-communicable diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and reduce quality of life. Waist circumference (WC), which is more accurate than BMI in assessing visceral fat, is an important indicator in detecting obesity, with a cutoff of ≥90 cm for men and ≥80 cm for women in Asia. One of the main risk factors for obesity is poor diet, including low consumption of fruits and vegetables, where the 2018 Riskesdas reported 96.3% of Indonesian adults did not meet the WHO recommendation to consume five servings of fruits and vegetables per day. Based on the high obesity rate and low fruit and vegetable consumption in Indonesia, this study aims to analyze the effect of fruit and vegetable consumption on waist circumference.
Abstrak. Obesitas adalah masalah kesehatan kompleks yang disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor dan ditandai dengan akumulasi lemak tubuh berlebih yang berdampak buruk pada kesehatan. Berdasarkan data WHO 2016, lebih dari 1,9 miliar orang dewasa di dunia mengalami kelebihan berat badan, dengan 650 juta di antaranya tergolong obesitas, sedangkan di Indonesia, Riskesdas 2018 mencatat prevalensi obesitas sebesar 28,7% (IMT >25) dan 15,4% (IMT >27) menurut RPJMN 2015–2019. Obesitas menjadi perhatian utama dalam agenda SDGs 2030 karena dapat meningkatkan risiko penyakit tidak menular seperti hipertensi, diabetes, penyakit kardiovaskular, serta menurunkan kualitas hidup. Lingkar pinggang (WC), yang lebih akurat daripada IMT dalam menilai lemak visceral, menjadi indikator penting dalam mendeteksi obesitas, dengan batasan ≥90 cm untuk pria dan ≥80 cm untuk wanita di Asia. Salah satu faktor risiko utama obesitas adalah pola makan buruk, termasuk rendahnya konsumsi buah dan sayur, di mana Riskesdas 2018 melaporkan 96,3% orang dewasa Indonesia tidak memenuhi rekomendasi WHO untuk mengonsumsi lima porsi buah dan sayur per hari. Berdasarkan tingginya angka obesitas dan rendahnya konsumsi buah dan sayur di Indonesia, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh konsumsi buah dan sayur pada lingkar pinggang.
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