Efek Toksisitas Paparan Subkronis Zat Warna Sintetis Golongan Azo Congo Red terhadap Kadar Kreatinin Tikus Putih Galur Wistar
Abstract
Abstract. The Indonesian industrial sector has experienced very rapid development in the last 1 year with the use of dyes that are often used, namely congo red. Congo red produces aromatic compounds that can cause oxidative stress conditions that disrupt many organs such as the kidneys. However, the effects of this dye on the kidneys have not been widely studied. This study aims to analyze the effects of subchronic exposure to congo red on changes in serum creatinine levels. This study is an experimental study using 28 white Wistar rats. The white rats were divided into 4 groups, namely the control group, group P1, group P2, and group P3 equivalent to doses of 0, 190, 375, and 750 mg/kgBW. The duration of exposure to congo red in this study was 91 days. Analysis of creatinine levels in white rats was processed using the one-way ANOVA statistical test. The results of this study showed that the average creatinine levels were almost the same in each group. Statistical analysis showed a P value> 0.05 for creatinine levels in white rats. It was concluded that oral exposure to Congo Red in the subchronic period at doses of 190, 375, and 750 mg/kgBW did not reduce kidney filtration function, the normal average creatinine levels of white mice could be caused by the absence of sufficient damage to interfere with the kidneys in excreting blood creatinine related to the toxic effects of subchronic exposure to Congo Red.
Abstrak. Sektor industri Indonesia mengalami perkembangan yang sangat pesat dalam 1 tahun terakhir dengan penggunaan pewarna yang sering digunakan yaitu congo red. Congo red menghasilkan senyawa aromatic yang dapat menyebabkan kondisi stres oksidatif yang banyak mengganggu organ seperti ginjal. Akan tetapi, efek pewarna ini terhadap ginjal belum banyak diteliti. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efek paparan subkronis congo red terhadap perubahan kadar kreatinin serum. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimental dengan menggunakan 28 ekor tikus putih Galur Wistar. Tikus putih dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok, yaitu kelompok kontrol, kelompok P1, kelompok P2, dan kelompok P3 setara dengan dosis 0, 190, 375, dan 750 mg/kgBB. Durasi paparan congo red pada penelitian ini yaitu selama 91 hari. Analisis kadar kreatinin tikus putih diolah menggunakan uji statistik one way ANOVA. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan rerata kadar kreatinin yang hampir sama pada setiap kelompok. Analisis statistik menunjukkan nilai P>0,05 untuk kadar kreatinin tikus putih. Diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa paparan congo red secara oral dalam periode subkronis dengan dosis 190, 375, dan 750 mg/kgBB tidak menurunkan fungsi filtrasi ginjal, nilai rerata kadar kreatinin tikus putih yang normal dapat disebabkan belum terjadinya kerusakan yang cukup untuk mengganggu ginjal dalam mengeksresikan kreatinin darah terkait efek toksisitas paparan subkronis congo red.
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