Pengaruh Getaran Peledakan terhadap Kestabilan Lereng di Tambang Emas PT J Resources Bolaang Mongondow (JRBM) Site Bakan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29313/bcsme.v6i2.24397Keywords:
Getaran Peledakan, Kestabilan Lereng, Peak Particle VelocityAbstract
Abstract. Blasting is an essential operation in open-pit gold mining that generates ground vibration and may affect slope stability. This study aims to analyze blasting vibration characteristics, evaluate the relationship between Scaled Distance (SD) and Peak Particle Velocity (PPV), and assess the effect of blasting vibration on slope stability at PT J Resources Bolaang Mongondow Site Bakan. The study used 32 blasting records consisting of monitoring distance, explosive charge per delay, PPV, Peak Particle Acceleration (PPA), and vibration frequency. The relationship between SD and PPV was analyzed using the United States Bureau of Mines (USBM) approach, while slope stability was evaluated using the Bishop Simplified and Janbu Simplified methods with maximum horizontal acceleration as the dynamic load. The results show that PPV ranged from 0.127 to 1.805 mm/s and the relationship between SD and PPV was weak, indicating that SD alone could not accurately predict blasting vibration. Dynamic analysis showed only a slight reduction in the slope safety factor, indicating that blasting vibration had a limited influence on slope stability, while slope geometry and rock mass characteristics remained the dominant controlling factors.
Abstrak.
Kegiatan peledakan pada tambang terbuka menghasilkan getaran tanah yang berpotensi memengaruhi kestabilan lereng. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis karakteristik getaran peledakan, mengevaluasi hubungan Scaled Distance (SD) dengan Peak Particle Velocity (PPV), serta menganalisis pengaruh getaran peledakan terhadap kestabilan lereng di PT J Resources Bolaang Mongondow Site Bakan. Penelitian menggunakan 32 data hasil pengukuran getaran yang meliputi jarak pengukuran, isian bahan peledak per waktu tunda, PPV, Peak Particle Acceleration (PPA), dan frekuensi getaran. Hubungan SD dan PPV dianalisis menggunakan pendekatan United States Bureau of Mines (USBM), sedangkan analisis kestabilan lereng dilakukan menggunakan metode Bishop Simplified dan Janbu Simplified dengan beban percepatan horizontal maksimum. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai PPV berkisar antara 0,127–1,805 mm/s dan hubungan SD terhadap PPV tergolong lemah sehingga belum dapat digunakan sebagai satu-satunya parameter prediksi getaran. Analisis dinamis menunjukkan bahwa getaran peledakan hanya menyebabkan penurunan faktor keamanan lereng yang relatif kecil, sehingga geometri lereng dan karakteristik massa batuan menjadi faktor yang lebih dominan dalam mengendalikan kestabilan lereng.
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