Perlindungan Anak Korban Sextortion Elektronik dan Pertanggungjawaban Pidana Pelaku

Abstract

Abstract. This research examines the legal issues that arise when the direct perpetrator of child sexual exploitation is a parent who claims to have acted under a third party's sextortion threat, as occurred in the 2023 South Tangerang case, in which a mother identified as R allegedly produced and transmitted sexually explicit material involving her five-year-old child after being threatened with the distribution of her private photographs. This study analyzes the legal protection available to the child victim and the criminal liability of R and of the party allegedly controlling the digital threat. The research employs a normative juridical method using statutory, conceptual, and case approaches, based on primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials analyzed qualitatively, with the South Tangerang case as reported in official police and child-protection sources as its object. The findings show that the child is entitled to preventive and repressive protection, while R's liability under the Child Protection Law, the Pornography Law, and the Electronic Information and Transactions Law remains applicable because the threat she experienced does not satisfy the cumulative requirements of duress as a full excuse. The party controlling the digital account must be held separately liable according to its proven role.

Keywords: Child Protection, Sexual Exploitation, Sextortion, Criminal Liability, Duress.

Abstrak. Penelitian ini mengkaji persoalan hukumyang timbul ketika pelaku langsung eksploitasi seksualanak adalah orang tua yang mengaku bertindak di bawah ancaman sextortion pihak ketiga, sebagaimanaterjadi dalam kasus Tangerang Selatan tahun 2023, ketika seorang ibu berinisial R diduga membuat dan mengirimkan video bermuatan seksual yang melibatkananak kandungnya yang berusia lima tahun setelahmenerima ancaman penyebaran foto pribadi melaluisebuah akun Facebook. Penelitian ini bertujuanmenganalisis perlindungan hukum bagi anak korban serta pertanggungjawaban pidana R dan pihak yang diduga mengendalikan ancaman digital. Penelitianmenggunakan metode yuridis normatif denganpendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual, dan kasus, berdasarkan bahan hukum primer, sekunder, dan tersier yang dianalisis secara kualitatif. Objekpenelitian adalah kerangka perlindungan hukum dan pertanggungjawaban pidana yang berlaku atas kasusTangerang Selatan berdasarkan keterangan resmikepolisian dan lembaga perlindungan anak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan anak berhak atas perlindunganpreventif dan represif, sedangkan pertanggungjawabanR atas Undang-Undang Perlindungan Anak, Undang-Undang Pornografi, dan Undang-Undang ITE tetapberlaku karena ancaman yang dialaminya belummemenuhi syarat kumulatif daya paksa sebagai alasanpemaaf penuh. Pihak yang mengendalikan akun digital harus dimintai pertanggungjawaban tersendiri sesuaiperan yang terbukti.

Kata Kunci: Perlindungan Anak, Sextortion, Eksploitasi Seksual, Pertanggungjawaban Pidana, Daya Paksa.