Pertanggungjawaban Pidana Korporasi dalam Dugaan Pencemaran Chromium-6 oleh PT Harita Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Perlindungan dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29313/bcsls.v6i2.26092Keywords:
Corporate Criminal Liability; Environmental Pollution; Chromium-6; Environmental Law; UUPPLH.Abstract
Environmental pollution caused by corporate activities remains one of the major challenges in environmental law enforcement in Indonesia. One of the cases that has attracted public attention is the alleged Chromium-6 (Cr6) pollution resulting from mining and nickel processing activities conducted by PT Harita in Obi Island, North Maluku. Chromium-6 is classified as a hazardous heavy metal with carcinogenic properties that pose significant risks to ecosystems and public health. This study aims to analyze the implementation of corporate criminal liability in the alleged Chromium-6 pollution case under Law Number 32 of 2009 concerning Environmental Protection and Management. This research employed a normative juridical method using statutory and conceptual approaches supported by secondary legal materials consisting of legislation, legal doctrines, scientific journals, and relevant literature. The findings indicate that the alleged environmental pollution fulfills the legal elements of environmental crimes regulated under the Environmental Protection and Management Law. Corporate criminal liability may be imposed through the doctrines of identification, vicarious liability, and corporate culture. Nevertheless, the implementation of criminal law enforcement remains constrained by difficulties in proving corporate fault, limitations in scientific evidence, and conflicts between environmental protection and economic interests. Therefore, strengthening environmental law enforcement institutions, improving scientific evidence mechanisms, and optimizing corporate criminal liability policies are necessary to ensure environmental justice and sustainable development
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