Victim Blaming Penyalahgunaan Konten Intim dalam Hubungan Toxic dalam Perspektif Viktimologi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29313/bcsls.v6i1.21724Keywords:
Penyalahgunaan Konten Intim, Victim Blaming, Konten IntimAbstract
Abstract. The misuse of intimate content within toxic relationships constitutes a form of online gender-based violence that continues to increase alongside the rapid development of digital technology. In many cases, victims are not only harmed by the perpetrators’ actions but are also subjected to victim blaming by society, law enforcement officers, and even their immediate social environment. This condition leads to secondary victimization that exacerbates the psychological, social, and legal impacts experienced by victims. This study aims to analyze legal protection for victims of intimate content misuse based on Law Number 12 of 2022 on Sexual Violence Crimes and to examine the phenomenon of victim blaming from a victimological perspective. This research employs a normative juridical method using statutory and conceptual approaches. The findings indicate that although Indonesian law has provided a comprehensive legal framework for victim protection, victim blaming practices persist due to patriarchal cultural constructions, gender stereotypes, and low levels of legal literacy. Strengthening victim-centered perspectives in law enforcement and public awareness is essential to ensure effective protection and recovery for victims.
Abstrak. Penyalahgunaan konten intim dalam hubungan toxic merupakan salah satu bentuk kekerasan berbasis gender online yang semakin marak seiring dengan perkembangan teknologi digital. Dalam banyak kasus, korban tidak hanya mengalami kerugian akibat perbuatan pelaku, tetapi juga menghadapi sikap menyalahkan korban (victim blaming) dari masyarakat, aparat penegak hukum, bahkan lingkungan terdekatnya. Kondisi tersebut menimbulkan viktimisasi sekunder yang memperparah dampak psikologis, sosial, dan hukum yang dialami korban. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perlindungan hukum terhadap korban penyalahgunaan konten intim berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 12 Tahun 2022 tentang Tindak Pidana Kekerasan Seksual serta mengkaji fenomena victim blaming dalam perspektif viktimologi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konseptual. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun hukum positif di Indonesia telah memberikan kerangka perlindungan korban yang cukup komprehensif, praktik victim blaming masih terus terjadi akibat konstruksi budaya patriarki, stereotip gender, dan rendahnya literasi hukum masyarakat. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan penguatan perspektif viktimologi dalam penegakan hukum serta peningkatan kesadaran publik untuk mewujudkan perlindungan korban yang efektif.
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