Implementasi Ta'zir dalam Peningkatan Kedisiplinan Shalat Jama'ah Santri Putri di Pondok Pesantren Al-Basyariyah 2 Bandung

Abstract

Abstract. Congregational prayer discipline is a fundamental aspect of student life in Islamic boarding schools (pesantren). In practice, however, violations of congregational prayer regulations still occur, so pesantren apply ta’zir, an educational sanction, as a means of guidance. This study examines the forms of ta’zir applied, how ta’zir is implemented, and the supporting and inhibiting factors of ta’zir implementation in improving the congregational prayer discipline of female students at Al-Basyariyah 2 Islamic Boarding School, Bandung. A qualitative approach with a descriptive method was used. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation with the head of the worship division, worship-division administrators, and female students, then analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model and validated through source and technique triangulation. The results show that the forms of ta’zir applied include islahul mubasyir (verbal reprimand), standing, talaran (memorization), tandzif (cleaning), and the use of violation boards and headscarves, given proportionally according to the type and frequency of violation. Implementation proceeds through supervision, violation recording, a student disciplinary forum, and graduated sanctions. Supporting factors include structured supervision, clear written rules, administrators’ consistency, and a culture of mutual reminders among students, while inhibiting factors include a limited number of administrators and students’ psychological adjustment. Ta’zir is concluded to function as an educational instrument that builds discipline, responsibility, and awareness among female students in performing congregational prayer.

Keywords: Ta’zir, Congregational Prayer Discipline, Islamic Boarding School.

Abstrak. Kedisiplinan shalat jama’ah merupakan salah satu aspek penting dalam kehidupan santri di pondok pesantren. Namun dalam praktiknya masih ditemukan pelanggaran terhadap ketentuan shalat jama’ah sehingga pesantren menerapkan ta’zir, yaitu sanksi yang bersifat mendidik, sebagai salah satu bentuk pembinaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bentuk ta’zir yang diterapkan, implementasi ta’zir, serta faktor pendukung dan penghambat implementasi ta’zir dalam peningkatan kedisiplinan shalat jama’ah santri putri di Pondok Pesantren Al-Basyariyah 2 Bandung. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi terhadap ustadzah koordinator bagian ibadah, pengurus bagian ibadah, dan santri putri, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan model Miles dan Huberman serta diuji keabsahannya melalui triangulasi sumber dan teknik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bentuk ta’zir yang diterapkan meliputi islahul mubasyir (teguran), berdiri, talaran (hafalan), tandzif (bersih-bersih), serta penggunaan papan dan kerudung pelanggaran yang diberikan secara proporsional sesuai jenis dan frekuensi pelanggaran. Implementasi ta’zir dilaksanakan melalui tahap pengawasan, pencatatan pelanggaran, forum mahkamah santri, dan pelaksanaan sanksi secara bertahap. Faktor pendukung meliputi pengawasan yang terstruktur, aturan tertulis yang jelas, konsistensi pengurus, serta budaya saling mengingatkan antarsantri, sedangkan faktor penghambat meliputi keterbatasan jumlah pengurus dan dinamika psikologis santri dalam masa adaptasi. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa ta’zir berfungsi sebagai instrumen pendidikan yang membangun kedisiplinan, tanggung jawab, dan kesadaran santri putri dalam melaksanakan shalat jama’ah.

Kata Kunci: Ta’zir, Kedisiplinan Shalat Jama’ah, Pondok Pesantren.