Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning terhadap Hasil Belajar Akidah Akhlak pada Siswa Kelas VIII MTs Al-Burhan

Abstract

Rendahnya hasil belajar peserta didik pada mata pelajaran Akidah Akhlak masih menjadi tantangan dalam proses pembelajaran di madrasah. Pembelajaran yang cenderung berpusat pada guru menyebabkan peserta didik kurang aktif, kurang berani mengemukakan pendapat, serta belum mampu mengaitkan materi dengan kehidupan sehari-hari. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh model Problem Based Learning (PBL) terhadap hasil belajar Akidah Akhlak peserta didik kelas VIII MTs Al-Burhan pada ranah kognitif, afektif, dan psikomotorik. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode quasi experiment melalui desain Pretest–Posttest Control Group Design. Populasi penelitian berjumlah 52 peserta didik, sedangkan sampel sebanyak 35 peserta didik yang dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling, terdiri atas kelas VIII.01 sebagai kelas eksperimen dan VIII.03 sebagai kelas kontrol. Data dikumpulkan melalui tes, angket, observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan uji validitas, reliabilitas, normalitas, homogenitas, serta Independent Sample t-Test berbantuan SPSS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,000 (<0,05) sehingga H₀ ditolak dan H₁ diterima. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa penerapan model Problem Based Learning berpengaruh signifikan terhadap hasil belajar Akidah Akhlak. Peningkatan terjadi pada aspek kognitif, afektif, dan psikomotorik, sehingga model PBL terbukti mampu menciptakan pembelajaran yang lebih aktif, kontekstual, dan berorientasi pada pengembangan kemampuan berpikir kritis serta internalisasi nilai-nilai akhlak dalam kehidupan sehari-hari.

The low learning outcomes of students in the subject of Moral Faith are still a challenge in the learning process in madrasas. Learning that tends to be teacher-centered causes students to be less active, less courageous to express opinions, and not able to relate the material to daily life. This study aims to analyze the influence of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model on the learning outcomes of Akidah Akhlak of grade VIII MTs Al-Burhan students in the cognitive, affective, and psychomotor domains. The research uses a quantitative approach with a quasi experiment method through a Pretest–Posttest Control Group Design. The research population amounted to 52 students, while the sample of 35 students was selected using the purposive sampling technique, consisting of class VIII.01 as the experimental class and VIII.03 as the control class. Data was collected through tests, questionnaires, observations, interviews, and documentation, then analyzed using validity, reliability, normality, homogeneity, and SPSS-assisted Independent Sample t-Test. The results showed that the significance value was 0.000 (<0.05) so that H₀ was rejected and H₁ was accepted. These findings show that the application of the Problem Based Learning model has a significant effect on the learning outcomes of Akidah Akhlak. Improvements occurred in cognitive, affective, and psychomotor aspects, so that the PBL model was proven to be able to create more active, contextual, and oriented learning that is oriented towards the development of critical thinking skills and the internalization of moral values in daily life.